Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry

Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry

Agriculture is one of the key sectors for international trade that supply food to the world population. Further improvement would be strengthening the contract farming system at the operation level and improving the profitability of producers. Measuring business performance provides the required i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Ahmad Shabudin, Ariffin
Format: Thesis
Language:eng
eng
Published: 2014
Subjects:
SF Animal culture
Online Access:https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/2/s93085_01.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/3/s93085_02.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-uum-etd.5722
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
advisor Mohtar, Shahimi
topic SF Animal culture
spellingShingle SF Animal culture
Ahmad Shabudin, Ariffin
Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry
description Agriculture is one of the key sectors for international trade that supply food to the world population. Further improvement would be strengthening the contract farming system at the operation level and improving the profitability of producers. Measuring business performance provides the required information to the management for effective decision- making and is used by businesses to evaluate progress against objectives in an assessable coordination. This study highlighted the impact of Supplier Involvement and Customer Involvement, later termed as Integrator Involvement (II) and Grower Involvement (GI) in contract broiler production. The research then focused on determining the relationship between integrator involvements and grower involvements moderated by managerial skill towards business performance. This would enable improved contribution of the broiler - farming system in the country and boost profit. The data for this research was collected through mail survey questionnaires from 285 contract broiler producers in Malaysia. The content was validated by experts from the Department of Veterinary Services of Malaysia, and analyzed using the SPSS Version 19 (Statistical Package for Social Science) software. Then correlation and hierarchical regression analysis were done to gauge the preliminary results and relationship between the variables. The research also identified the theory and practice gaps applicable to broiler - contract farming and provided moderating - effect explanations linking those gaps. The result thus derived, suggests that in order for businesses to capitalize and benefit from the working skills, companies need to train their staff in technical and administrative fields. Hence, this study empirically demonstrated its importance and urged the firms to focus on it when applying managerial skills. Staff equipped with better innovative knowledge and managerial skills would be able to deliver operational efficiency and affirm that enhanced managerial skills would be able to strengthen the companies’ ability to augment business performance
format Thesis
qualification_name Ph.D.
qualification_level Doctorate
author Ahmad Shabudin, Ariffin
author_facet Ahmad Shabudin, Ariffin
author_sort Ahmad Shabudin, Ariffin
title Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry
title_short Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry
title_full Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry
title_fullStr Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry
title_full_unstemmed Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry
title_sort contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within malaysian poultry industry
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
publishDate 2014
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/2/s93085_01.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/3/s93085_02.pdf
_version_ 1747827970727215104
spelling my-uum-etd.57222022-04-09T23:17:17Z Contract farming supply chain relationship and business performance within Malaysian poultry industry 2014 Ahmad Shabudin, Ariffin Mohtar, Shahimi Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business SF Animal culture Agriculture is one of the key sectors for international trade that supply food to the world population. Further improvement would be strengthening the contract farming system at the operation level and improving the profitability of producers. Measuring business performance provides the required information to the management for effective decision- making and is used by businesses to evaluate progress against objectives in an assessable coordination. This study highlighted the impact of Supplier Involvement and Customer Involvement, later termed as Integrator Involvement (II) and Grower Involvement (GI) in contract broiler production. The research then focused on determining the relationship between integrator involvements and grower involvements moderated by managerial skill towards business performance. This would enable improved contribution of the broiler - farming system in the country and boost profit. The data for this research was collected through mail survey questionnaires from 285 contract broiler producers in Malaysia. The content was validated by experts from the Department of Veterinary Services of Malaysia, and analyzed using the SPSS Version 19 (Statistical Package for Social Science) software. Then correlation and hierarchical regression analysis were done to gauge the preliminary results and relationship between the variables. The research also identified the theory and practice gaps applicable to broiler - contract farming and provided moderating - effect explanations linking those gaps. The result thus derived, suggests that in order for businesses to capitalize and benefit from the working skills, companies need to train their staff in technical and administrative fields. Hence, this study empirically demonstrated its importance and urged the firms to focus on it when applying managerial skills. Staff equipped with better innovative knowledge and managerial skills would be able to deliver operational efficiency and affirm that enhanced managerial skills would be able to strengthen the companies’ ability to augment business performance 2014 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/2/s93085_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/5722/3/s93085_02.pdf text eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Abas, Z., & Yaacob, Z. (2006). Exploring the Relationships between Total Quality Management (TQM), Strategic Control Systems (SCS) and Organizational Performance (OP) Using SEM Framework. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 9(2), 161-166. Abdullah, M. M., Uli, J., & Tari, J. J. (2008). The influence of soft factors on quality improvement and performance. Perceptions from managers. The TQM Journal, 20(5), 436-452. Abubakar, S. (2010). Regulation and the economics of corporate financial reporting in Nigeria. Journal of Management and Enterprises Development, 7 (2), 65 – 72. Abu Hassan, M., Hassan, M. S., Shaffril, H. A. M., & D’Silva, J. L. (2009). Problems and Obstacles in using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among Malaysian Agro-Based Entrepreneurs. European Journal of Scientific Research, 36(1), 93-101. Adeyemi, S. B. and Ogundele, B. O. (2003). Communications in Accounting: Problems and Solutions, The Nigerian Accountant, 36(1), 22-27. Agus, A. (2011). Supply chain management, supply chain flexibility and business performance. Journal of Global Strategic Management, 5(1), 134-145. Ahangar, R. G. (2011). The relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance: An empirical investigation in an Iranian company. African Journal of Business Management, 5(1), 88-95. Ahuja, I. P. S., & Khamba, J. S. (2008a). An evaluation of TPM initiatives in Indian industry for enhanced manufacturing performance. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, 25(2), 147-172. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park: Sage Publications. Akunzule, A. N. (2006). Avian influenza: the Ghana situation. INFPD Newsletter, 16(1): 9–13. Ali, A. H. M. (2013, November 11-12). Poultry Industry in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges. Paper presented at the Bengkel Knowledge Transfer Programme (KTP) Business Model for Broiler Industry in Malaysia: An Integrated Knowledge Management Approach, Hydro Hotel, Penang. Allahyari, M. S., Saburi, M. S., & Keshavarz, F. (2011). Analyzing Farm Management Skills in Poultry Production Enterprises in Iran. Life Science Journal, 8(1). Allen, G. R. (1972). An Appraisal of Contract Farming. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 23(2), 89-98. Allen, K. R., & Carlson-Skalak, S. (1998). Defining product architecture during conceptual design. Paper presented at the Procedings of the 1998 ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Atlanta, GA, DTM 5650. Allison, P. (1999). Multiple regressions: A primer. CA: Pine Forge Press. Al-Rimawi, A. S., Karablieh, E. K., Al-Qadi, A. S., & Al-Qudah, H. F. (2006). Farmers' Attitudes and Skills of Farm Business Management in Jordan. Journal of Education and Extension, 12(3), 165-177. Amini, A., & Ramezani, M. (2007). Asessment of most important internal component in the success of poultry production cooperatives Tehran province. Science and Technologies in Agriculture and Natural Resouces, 12(43), 285-295. Amstrong, J. S., & Overton, T. S. (1997). Estimating non-response bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14, 396-402. Andrews, G., Hamilton, N. D., & Looney, J. W. (1994). Legal Aspects of Livestock Production and Marketing: Emerging Legal Issues-Contract Farm Production. National Center for Agricultural Law Research and Information, Producer Bulletin, 43(May). Anon. (2002). http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2001/ english/index.html. Anon. (2011a). http://www.consrv.ca.gov/dlrp/ fmmp/trends/Pages/FastFacts.aspx. Ansell, C. (2000). Community embeddedness and collaborative governance. In the workshop Social movement analysis: the network perspective. Ross Priory, Loch Lomond. APICS. (2008). APICS Dictionary (12th ed.). Ariffin, A. S., Lamsali, H., & Mohtar, S. (2012a, July 7 - 8). Linkages between supplier, customer involvement and business performance: A green supply chain investigation in the poultry industry. Paper presented at the 2012 International Conference in Green and Ubiquitous Technology, Bandung, Indonesia. Ariffin, A. S., Lamsali, H., & Mohtar, S. (2012b, July 4 - 6, 2012). The relationships between supplier and customer involvements towards broiler business performance. Paper presented at the 3rd International Conference on Technology and Operation Management, Bandung, Indonesia. Ariffin, A. S., Lamsali, H., & Mohtar, S. (2013). Linkages between Integrator, Grower Involvement and Business Performance: An Excerpt from Preliminary Findings. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 2(3). Asian Development Bank. Asian Development Outlook 1996 and 1997. (1996). New York: Oxford University Press. Athaide, G. A., & Klink, R. R. (2009). Managing seller-buyer relationships during new product development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 26, 566-577. Atuahene-Gima, K. (1995). An explanatory analysis of the impact of market orientation on new product performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12, 275-293. Avlonitis, G. J., & Salavou, H. (2007). Entrepreneurial orientation of SMEs, product innovativeness, and performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(5), 566-575. Baatz, E. B. (1995). CIO100-best practices: the chain gang. CIO, 8(19), 46-52. Baba, S. S. (2006). Avian influenza and family poultry in Nigeria: potentials for rapid spread and continued presence of disease. INFPD Newsletter, 16(1), 4-8. Baemon, B. (1999). Measuring supply chain performance. International Journal of Operation & Production Management, 19(n.a), 275-292. Baldwin, C. Y., & Clark, K. B. (1997). Managing in an age of modularity. Harvard Business Review, 75(5), 84-94. Ballou, R. (1978). Basic Business Logistics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ballou, R. H., Gilbert, S. M., & Mukherjee, A. (2000). New managerial challenges from supply chain opportunities. Industrial Marketing Marketing, 17(n.a), 99-120. Barham, B., Clark, M., Katz, E., & Schurman, R. (1992). Nontraditional Agricultural Exports in Latin America. Latin American Research Review, 27, 43-82. Barker, J. (1972). Contract Farming. Report of the Committee of Inquiry on Contract Farming. London. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. Barrat, M. (2004). Understanding the meaning of collaboration in the supply chain. Supply chain management International Journal, 9(1), 30-42. Barrett, H., Ilbery, B., Browne, A., & Binns, T. (1999). Globalisation and the changing networks of food supply: the importation of fresh horticultural produce from Kenya into the UK. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 24, 159-174. Barth, M., Landsman, W., and Lang, M. (2008). International accounting standards and accounting quality. Journal of Accounting Research, 46 (3), 467-498. Bartlett, J. E., Kortlik, J. W., & Higgins, C. C. (2001). Organizational research: determining appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology, Learning and Performance Journal, 19(1), 43-50. Bayati, A., & Taghavi, A. (2007). The impacts of acquiring ISO 9000 certification on the performance of SME in Tehran. The TQM Magazine, 19(2). Beddington, J. (2011). UK Office of Science. http://sd.defra.gov.uk/2011/01/global-food- andfarming-futures/. Bertram, D. (2008). Likert Scales...are the meaning of life, retreived on Sept 15, 2013 from http://poincare.matf.bg.ac.rs/kristina//topic-dane-likert.pdf. Bettis, R. A. (1981). Performance Differences In Related and Unrelated Diversified Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 2(4), 379-393. Bhatia, G. R. (1994). Strengthening Fruit and Vegetable Marketing for Export with Special Reference to Farmers' Participation. Agricultural Marketing, 36(4), 11-21. Bijman, J. (2008). Contract Farming in Developing Countries. Bonaccorsi, A., & Lipparini, A. (1994). Strategic Partnerships in New Product Development: An Italian Case Study. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11(2), 134–145. Boon-itt, S., & Hamangshu, P. (2006). A Study of supply chain integration in Thai automotive industry: a theoritical framework and measurement. Management Research News, 29(4), 194-205. Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., & Cooper, M. B. (2007). Supply Chain Logistic Management. New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin. Branckaert, R. D. S. (2006). Avian influenza: The new challenge for family poultry. Guest Editorial, INFPD Newsletter, 16(1). Brown, M. E., & Laverick, S. (1994). Measuring Corporate Performance. Long Range Planning, 27(4), 89-98. Brown, S. L., & Eisenhardt, K. M. (1995). Product development: past research, present findings,and future directions. Academy of Management Review, 20(2), 343-378. Brush, D. (1997). Logan 2000: A world class upgrade for the 21st century. ITE Journal. Brusoni, S., & Prencipe, A. (2001). Unpacking the black box of modularity: technologies, roducts and organizations. Industrial and Corporate Change, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 179-205, 10(1), 179-205. Bryman, A., & Bell, E. (2003). Business Research Methods. New York: Oxford University Press. Buccola, S. T. (1980). Market Contracting for Producers and Processors of Fruits and Vegetables: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Extension Report MB 283. Buccola, S. T., & French, B. C. (1981). Portfolio Analysis of Contracting Strategies for Farmer Marketing Cooperatives: Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis. Buhner, R. (1987). Assessing International Diversification of West German Corporations. Strategic Management Journal, 8(1), 25-37. Bulow, D., & Sorensen, A. (1988). Contract Farming: Does It Benefit Women? CDR Working Paper No. 88.5: Center for Development Research, Denmark. Burch, D., & Rickson, R. E. (1990). Contract Farming and Rural Social Change: Some Implications of Australian Experience. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 10(1/2), 145-155. Burgess, K., Singh, P. J., & Korogla, R. (2006). Supply Chain Management: A structured literature review and implication for future research. International Journal of Operation & Production Management, 26(7), 703-729. Burt, D. N., & Soukup, W. R. (1985). Purchasing’s role in new product development. Harvard Business Review, 64(5), 90-97. Calantone, R. J., Chan, K., & Cui, A. S. (2006). Decomposing product innovativeness and its effects on new product success. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 23, 408-421. Canny, G. (2006). Retreived Oct 1, 2013, from http//:geovan.searchwarp.com/swa69773.htm. Caplice, C., & Sheffi, Y. (1994). A Review and Evaluation of Logistics Metrics. International Journal of Logistics Management, 5(2), 11-28. Carey, M. (1997). Modularity times three, Sea Power. 40(4), 81-84. Carney, J. A., Little, P. D., & Watts, M. J. (1994). Contracting a Food Staple in Gambia (Living under Contract, Contract Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa). University of Wisconsin, Press, Madison, Wisconsin. Carter, J. R., & Ferrin, B. G. (1995). The impact of transportation costs on supply chain management. Journal of Business Logistics, 16(1), 189-212. Cetindamar-Dilek, Catay-Bulent, & Basmaci-O-Serdar. (2005). Competition through Collaboration-Insights from an Initiative in the Turkish Textile Supply Chain. Supply Chain Management - An International Journal, 10(4), 238-240. Chakravarthy, B. S. (1986). Measuring Strategic Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 7, 437-458. Chang, T. S., & Ward, A. C. (1995). Design-in-modularity with conceptual robustness. Research in Engineering Design, 7(2), 67-85. Chesbrough, H. W. (2003). Open Innovation. Boston, MA.: Harvard Business School Press. Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2001). Supply Chain Management, Strategy, Planning and Operation. New Jursey, U.S: Prentice Hall. Christoper, M. G. (1992). Logistics and Supply Chain Management. London,UK: Pitmann Publishing. Christopher, M. (1994). Logistics and Supply Chain Management. New York, NY: Pitman Publishing. Cigolini, R. M., Cozzi, & Perona, M. (2004). A new framework for supply chain management. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 24(1), 7-41. Clapp, R. A., Little, P. D., & Watts, M. J. (1994). The Moral Economy of the Contract (Living under Contract Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa: University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin. Clark, K. B., & Fujimoto, T. (1991). Product Development Performance. Boston, MA.: Harvard University Press. Clark, K. B., & Fujimoto, T. (1991). Product Development Performance: Strategy, Organization, and Management in the World Auto Industry. Boston, MA.: Harvard Business School Press. Claro, D. P., Hagelaar, G., & Omta, O. (2003). The determinants of relational governance and performance: how to manage business relationships? Industrial Marketing Management, 32(8), 703-716. Closs, D. J. (1995). Enhance supply chain effectiveness. Transportation & Distribution, 36(4), 82. Coakes, S. J., & Steed, L. G. (2003). SPSS: Analysis without anguish. Sydney: John Wiley & Sons. Sydney: John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd. Coelho, C., Yivisaker, M., & Turkstra, L. (2005). Nonstandardized assessment approaches for individuals with traumatic brain injuries. Paper presented at the Seminars in Speech & Language. Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for behavioural science (2nd ed.): Eribaum. Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (2002). A First Course in Factor Analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Cooper, Martha, Lisa, M., Ellram, John, T., Gardner, et al. (1993). Meshing Multiple Alliances. Journal of Business Logistics, 18(1), 67-89. Cooper, Martha, C., Douglas, M., Lambert, Janus, D., & Pagh. (1997). Supply Chain Management: More Than a New Name for Logistics. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 8(1), 1-14. Cooper, & Schindler. (1998). Business Research Methods. Singapore: McGraw Hill Publications. Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2001). Business Research Methods. New York: Irwin Mc Graw-Hill. Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2003). Business research methods (8th ed.). Boston: MA: McGraw-Hill. Cooper, R. G. (1979). The dimensions of industrial new product success and failure. Journal of Marketing, 43, 93-103. Cooper, R. G., & Brentani, U. D. (1991). New industrial financial services: what distinguishes the winners. Journal of Product Innovation Management., 8(1), 75-90. 239 Costales, A., P. , Gerber, H., & Steinfeld. (2005). Underneath the Livestock Revolution: FAO Livestock Report 2005, in Global Development. Council of Logistic Management: World class Logistics: the Challenge of Managing Continuous Change. (1995). IL: CLM, Oak Books. Coyle, J. J., Bardi, E. J., & Langley, C. J. (2003). The management of business Logistic. Canada: Thomson Learning. Cramer, D. (1998). Fundermental Statistics for Social Research. London: Routledge. Cramer, D. (2003). Advance quantitative data analysis. Maidenhead, Philadelphia: Open University Press. Cramer, G. L., & Jensen, C. W. (1988). Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness (4th ed.): John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Crom, S. (1996). De –fuse multi-cultural clashes. Transportation & Distribution, 37(7), 84. Daft, R. I., & Marcic, D. (2001). Understanding management (3rd ed.). Fort worth, USA: Harcourt College Publishers. Danneels, E., & Kleinschmidt, E. J. (2001). Product innovativeness from the firm's perspective: its dimensions and their relation with project selection and performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18, 357-373. DEFRA. (2010). UK Food Security Assessment: Detailed Analysis: August 2009; updated January 2010. http://archive.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/food/pdf/food-assess100105.pdf. Delfmann, W., & Albers, S. (2002). The impact of electronic commerce on logistics service providers. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 32(3), 203-222. Delgado, C., Rosegrant, M., Steinfield, H., Ehui, S., & Courbois, C. (1999). Livestock to 2020. The Next Food Revolution Food Agriculture, and Environment Discussion. Paper presented at the International Food Policy Research Institute. 240 Dent, J. F. (1990). Strategy, organization and control: Some possibilities for accounting. Accounting Organisations and Society, 15(1-2), 3-25. Dickson, P. R., & Ginter, J. L. (1987). Market segmentation, product differentiation, and marketing strategy. Journal of Marketing, 51(2), 1-10. Doye, D. G., Berry, J. G., Green, P. R., & Norris, P. E. (1992). Broiler Production: Consideration for Potential Growers.: OSU, Extension Facts, CES, Division of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources No. 22. Droge, C., Jayaram, J., & Vickery, S. K. (2004). The effects of internal versus external integration practices on time-based performance and overall firm performance. Journal of Operations Management, 22(6), 557-573. Drucker, P. F. (1998). Practice of Management. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann. Du, X., Jiao, J., & Tseng, M. M. (2001). Architecture of product family: fundamentals and methodology, Concurrent Engineering. Research and Applications, 9(4), 309-325. Dubofsky, P., & Varadarajan, P. R. (1987). Diversification And Measures Of Performance: Additional Empirical Evidence. Academy of Management Journal, 30(3), 597-608. Duray, R., Ward, P. T., Milligan, G. W., & Bery, W. L. (2000). Approaches to mass customization: configurations and empirical validation. Journal of Operations Management, 18, 605-625. DVS. (2013). Livestock statistics. Dept of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Services of Malaysia. Dyer, J. H., & Nobeoka, K. (2000). Creating and managing a high-performance Knowledge sharing network: the Toyota case. Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), 345-367. Eccles, R. G. (1991). The Performance Measurement Manifesto. Harvard Business Review(January-February), 131-137. 241 Eisenhardt, K. M. (1991). Better stories and better constructs: the case for rigor and comparative logic. Academy of management Review, 16(3), 620-627. Eisenhardt, K. M., & Tabrizi, B. N. (1995). Accelerating adaptive processes: product innovation in the global computer industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(1), 84- 110. Elmuti, D., & Kathawala, Y. (1997). An investigation into the effects of ISO 9000 on participants' attitudes and job performance. Production and Inventory Management Journal, 38(2), 52. Erixon, G. (1996). Design for modularity, in Huang, G.Q. (Ed.), Design for X Concurrent Engineering Imperatives. London: Chapman & Hall. Erkan, O., Akdemir, S., & Koc, A. (1993). Measures Required for Turkish Food Industry in Customs Union Between Turkey and E.U. Food Symposium, Antalya, TOBB Pub. No. 278, pp.56-82. Ernst, R., & Kamrad, B. (2000). Evaluation of supply chain structures through modularization and postponement",. European Journal of Operational Research, 124, 495-510. Evans, D. H. (1963). Modular design - a special case in nonlinear programming. Operations Research, 11(4), 637-647. Fallon, M. (2001). Traceability of poultry and poultry products. Review of Science and Technology. Off. Int. Epiz, 20(2), 538-546. Fantazy, K. A., Kumar, V., & Kumar, U. (2009). An empirical study of the relationships among strategy, flexibility and performance in the supply chain context. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 14(3), 177-188. 242 Farelly, L. (1996). Transforming Poultry Production and Marketing in Developing Countries:L essons Learned with Implications for Sub-Saharan Africa. MSU International Development Working Paper No. 63. Feng, T., L. Sun, & Zhang, Y. (2010). The effects of customer and supplier involvement on competitive advantage: an empirical study in China. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(8), 1384-1394. Fernie, & John. (1995). International Comparisons of Supply Chain Management in Grocery Retailing. The Service Industries Journal, 15(4), 34- 139. Fernie, John, & Rees, R. C. (1995). Supply chain management in the national health service. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 6(2), 83-92. Fisher, M. L. (1997). What is the right supply chain for your product? A simple framework can help you figure out the answer. Harvard Business Review, 75(March-April), 105-117. Fliess, S., & Becker, U. (2006). Supplier integration - controlling of co-development processes. ndustrial Marketing Management, 35, 28-44. Flynn BB, Huo B, Zhao X (2010). The impact of supply chain integration on performance : a contingency and configuration approach. Journal of operation management. 28(1): 58-71 Frank, S. D., & Henderson, D. R. (1992). Transaction Costs as Determinants of Vertical Coordination in the U.S Food Industries. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 74, 941-950. Frazier, P. A., Baron, K. E., & Tix, A. (2004). Testing mediator and moderator effects in counseling Psychology Research. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 51(1), 115-134. Frederiksson, P. (2006). Operation and Logistics Issues in Modular assembly Process: Cases from the Automotive Sector. Journal of manufacturing technology Management, 17(2), 168-186. 243 Fritz, M., & Schiefer, M. (2008). Food chain management for sustainable food system development: a European research agenda. Agribusiness, 24(4), 440-452. Frohlich, M., Dixon, J. R., & Arnold, P. (1997). A taxonomy of supply chain strategies. Paper presented at the The 28th Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute, San Diego, CA. Frohlich, M. T. (2002). Techniques for improving response rates in OM survey research. Journal of Operation Management, 20(1), 53-62. Frolinch, M. T., & Wesrbrook., R. (2001). Arcs of Integration: an International sdudy of supply chain strategies. Journal of Operation Management, 19, 185-200. Fuglie, K. O. (1996). Private Investment in Agricultural Research / AER-805. Economic Research Service/USDA(International Potato Center Bogor, Indonesia), 114-121. Galliers, R. D. (1992). Integrating information system into business: Research at Warwick Business School. International Journal of Information Management, 12(3), 160-162. Garcia, R., & Calantone, R. (2002). A critical look at technological innovation typology and innovativeness terminology: a literature review. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 19, 110-132. Garcia-Dastugue, S. J., & Lambert, D. M. (2003). Internet-Enabled Coordination in the Supply Chain. Industrial Marketing Management, 32(3), 251-263. Garland, R. (1991). The Mid-Point on A Rating Scale: It is Desiable? Marketing Bulletin, 1991, 2, 66-70. Garud, R., & Kumaraswamy, A. (1995). Technological and organizational designs for realizingeconomies of substitution. Strategic Management Journal, 16(Special Issue), 93- 110. Gershenson, J. K., Prasad, G. J., & Zhang, Y. (2003). Product modularity: definitions and benefits. Journal of Engineering Design, 14(3), 295-313. 244 Gerwin, D., & Barrowman, N. J. (2002). An evaluation of research on integrated product development. Management Science., 48(7), 938-953. Ghee, L. T., & Dorall, R. (1992). Contract Farming in Malaysia: with a Special Reference to FELDA Land Schemes. Contract Farming in Southeast Asia, edited by Glover, D. and Ghee, L.T. pp. 71-119: Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. Glover, D. (1984). Contract farming and smallholder outgrower scheme in less-developed countries. World Development, 12(11/12), 1143-1157. Glover, D. (1987). Increasing the benefits to smallholders from contract farming: problems for farmers organization and policy makers. World Development, 15(4), 441-448. Glover, D. (1994). Contract Farming and Commercialization of Agriculture in Developing Countries. Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development and Nutrition, 166- 175. Glover, D., & Teck Ghee, L. (1992). Contract farming in Southeast Asia: three country studies, Kuala Lumpur: Institute for Advanced Studies: Universiti Malaya. Glover, D. J. (1990). Contract farming and outgrower schemes in East and Southern Africa. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 41(3), 303-315. Goldsmith, P., Salvadoe, A., Knipe, D., & Kendall, E. (2002). Structural change or logical incrementalism? Turbulance in the global meat system. Journal on Chain and Network Science, 2(2), 101-114. Gorsuch, R. L. (1997). Exploratory factor analysis: its role in item analysis. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68(3), 532-560. Grant, R. M. (1996). Prospering in dynamically-competitive environments: organizational capability as knowledge integration. Organization Science, 7(4), 375-387. 245 Green Jr. KW, Whitten DR, Inman RA (2008). The impact of logistics performance on organizational performance in a supply chain context. Supply chain management international journal. 13(4): 317-327 Green, S. B., & Salkind, N. J. (2008). Using SPSS for Windows and Macintosh: analysing and understanding data (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Griffin, A. (2002). Product development cycle time for business-to-business products. Industrial Marketing Management, 31, 291-304. Gripsrud, G., Jahre, M., & Persson, G. (2006). Supply chain management – back to the future? International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 36(8), 643-659. Gross, B. (1994). Contract Farming in Africa, An Application of the New Institutional Economics. Journal of African Economies, 3(2), 231-261. Gupta, Y. P., & Somers, T. M. (1996). Business strategy, manufacturing flexibility and organizational performance relationship: a path analysis approach. Production and Operation Management Journal, 5(3), 204-233. Habib, & Mamun. (2009a). An Integrated Educational Supply Chain Management (ITESCM). Unpublished Ph.D, Assumption University of Thailand. Habib, M. (2010e). Supply Chain Management for Academia, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, ISBN 978-3-8433-8026-3. Habib, M., & Jungthirapanich, C. (2010a). An Empirical Research of Educational Supply Chain for the Universities, An Empirical Research of Educational Supply Chain for the Universities”, The 5th IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology. Paper presented at the The 5th IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology, E-ISBN: 978-1-4244-6566-8, Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-6565-1, Singapore. 246 Habib, M., & Mamun. (2011). An Exploratory Study of Supply Chain Management for Tertiary Educational Institutions, 2011 IEEE International Technology Management. Paper presented at the IEEE International Technology Management Conference (ITMC), San Jose, California, USA, ISBN 978-1-61284-950-8. Hadjimanolis, A., & Dickson, K. (2000). Innovation strategies of SMEs in Cyprus, a small developing country. International Small Business Journal., 18(4), 62-79. Hair, J. F. (2006). Multivariate data analysis: Pearson Education. Hair, J. F., Andersen, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. I., & Black, W. C. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis. New Jersey: Pearson. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Uppersaddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education International. Hair, J. F., Money, A. H., Samouel, P., & Page, M. (2007). Research Methodes for Business. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Hakansson, H., & Snehota, I. (1995). Developing Relationships in Business Networks. London: Routledge. Halldorsson, Arni, Herbert-Kotzab, & Tage-Skjott-Larsen. (2003). Inter-organizational theories behind Supply Chain Management – discussion and applications, In Seuring, Stefan et al. (eds.),. Strategy and Organization in Supply Chains, Physica Verlag. Halldorsson, A., Larson, P. D., & Poist, R. F. (2008). Supply chain management: a comparison of Scandinavian and American Perspective. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 38(2), 126=142. 247 Hamidi, M. S. (2005). Management and economic of ostrich culture in Iran. Tehran, Iran (In Persian): Sepehr Publisher. Hamilton, N. D. (2001). A Current Broiler Contract Analysis Addressing Legal Issues and Grower Concerns. In Chapter 3 in Assessing the Impact of Integrator Practices on Contract Poultry Growers (Vol. September 2001). St. Paul Minnesota 55101: Farmers’ Legal Action Group, Inc. Hamilton-Neil, D. (2001). A Current Broiler Contract Analysis Addressing Legal Issues and Grower Concerns.. In Chapter 3 in Assessing the Impact of Integrator Practices on Contract Poultry Growers. September 2001. St. Paul Minnesota 55101: Farmers’ Legal Action Group, Inc. Handfield, R. B., & Nichols, E. L. (1999). Introduction to Supply Chain Management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Eaglewood Cliffs. Handfield-Robert, B., Kannan-Vijay, R., & K.C.Tan. (1998). Supply Chain Management: Supplier Performance and Firm Performance. International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, AZ USA, 2-9. Hargadon, A. B., & Eisenhardt, K. M. (2000). Speed and quality in new product development, in Cole, R.E. and Scot, W.R. (Eds),The Quality Movement Organization Theoy. Sage, New York, NY. Harland, C. M. (1996). Supply Chain Management: Relationships, Chains and Networks,. British Journal of Management(Special Issue, March). Harryman, W. R. (1994). Production Contracts, Farm Economics: Fact and Opinions: Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CES, pp. 1-4. Harwick, T. (1997). Optimal decision-making for the supply chain”, APICS. The Performance Advantage, 7(1), 42-44. 248 Heikkila, J. (2002). From supply to demand chain management, efficiency and customer satisfaction. Journal of Operation Management, 20, 747-767. Heiskanen, E., Hyvönen, K., Niva, M., Pantzar, M., Timonen, P., & Varjonen, J. (2007). User involvement in radical innovation: are consumers conservative? European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(4), 489-509. Heras, I., Casadesus, M., & Dick, G. P. M. (2002a). ISO 9000 registration's impact on sales and profitability A longtudinal analysis of performance before and after accreditation. International Journal of Quality and reliability Management, 19(6), 774-791. Heskett, J. L., Glaskowsky, N. A., Jr, & Ivie, R. M. (1973). Business Logistics, 2nd ed. New York, NY: The Ronald Press. Hillman, A. I., & Keim, G. D. (2001). Shareholders, stakeholders and social issue. Strategic Management Journal, 22(2), 125-139. Hitt, M. A., & Ireland, R. D. (1986). Relationships among corporate level distinctive competencies, diversification strategy, corporate structure and performance. Journal of Management Studies, 23, 401-416. Hobbs, J. E. (1996). A transaction cost approach to supply chain management. Supply chain management, 1(2), 15-27. Holroyd, P. (2001). Quality Assurance Is a Global Issue, November: 10-14. Poultry International. Horvath, & Laura. (2001). Collaboration: the key to value creation in supply chain management. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 6(5), 205-207. Houlihan, & John, B. (1988). International Supply Chains: A New Approach. Management Decision, 26(3), 13-19. Hyun, J. H., & Ahn, B. H. (1992). A unifying framework for manufacturing flexibility. Manufacturing RFeview, 5(4), 251-260. 249 Inman, R. A., & Hubler, J. H. (1992). Certify the Process – Not Just the Product. Production and Inventory Management Journal, 33(4), 11-14. Ireland, F., & Dale, B. G. (2006). Total productive maintenance: criteria for success. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 1(3), 207-223. Ittner, C. D., & Larcker, D. F. (1997). Product development cycle time and organizational performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1), 13-23. Iu, J. and Clowes, C. (2004). Evaluating a measure of content quality for accounting narratives (with an empirical application to narratives from Australia, Hong Kong, and the United States). Working Paper Series. J., & Brennan, L. (2006). Evaluating partner suitability for collaborative supplyn networks. International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, 3(2), 220-237. Jagetia, L.C. and Nwadike, E.C. (1983) Accounting Systems in Developing Nations: The Nigerian Experience, International Journal of Accounting Education and Research, Spring, 69-81. Johnson, C. S., & Foster, K. A. (1994). Risk Preferences and Contracting in the U.S. Hog Industry. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 6(2), 393-405. Jones, Thomas, Daniel, W., & Riley. (1985). Using Inventory for Competitive Advantage through Supply Chain Management. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, 15(5), 16-26. Kanji, G. K. (2002). Measuring Business Excellence: Routledge. Landon and New York. Kantude, A.S. (2005). Are Companies Financial Statements Relevant to Stakeholders Investment Decision? Nigerian Journal of Accounting Research, 1( 3), 101-109. Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1992). The Balanced Scorecard-Measures that Drive Performance. Harvard Business Review, 71-79. 250 Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1996). The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. Kathawala, Yunnus, & Abdou, K. (2003). Supply chain evaluation in the service industry: a framework development compared to manufacturing. Managerial Auditing Journal, 18(2), 140-149. Katz, R. (2003). The Human Side of Managing Technological Innovation (2n2 ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Kaufman, J., Plotsky, P., Nemeroff, C., & Charney, D. (2000). Effects of early adverse experience on brain structure and function: Clinical implications. Biol Psychiatry, 48, 778-790. Kawagoe, T. J., Von-Broun, E., & Kenedy, E. (1994). Income and Employment Generation from Agricultural Processing and Marketing at the Village Level: A Study in Upland Java, Indonesia. Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development and Nutrition, 176-186. Kelley, C. R. (1994). All Sides Should Know Pitfalls of Agricultural Contracting. Feedstuffs, 66(23), 19-21. Ketchen, D. J., Hult, G., Rebarick, W., & Meyer, D. (2008). Best value supply chains: A key competitive weapon for 21st Century. Business Horizons, 51(235-43). Ketchen, D. J., & Hult, T. M. (2006). Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: the case of best value chains. Journal of Operation Management, 25, 573- 580. Key, N., & Runsten, D. (1999). Contract farming, smallholders and rural development in Latin America: the organization of agroprocessing firms the scale of outgrower production. World Development, 27(2), 381-401. 251 Kim, B. (2005). Mastering Business in Asia Supply Chain Management. Singapore: John Wiley and Sons Publishing. Kim , J. O., & Mueller, C. W. (1978). Factor Analysis. Statistical Methods and Practical Issues. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. Kirk, C. (1987). Contracting Out, Plantations, Smallholders and Transnational Enterprise. IDS Bulletin, 18(2), 45-51. Klassen, R. D., & Jacobs, J. (2001). Experimental comparison of web, electronic and mail survey technologies in operation management. Journal of Operation Management, 19(6), 713-728. Kleinschmidt, E. J., & Cooper, R. G. (1991). The impact of product innovativeness on performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 8, 240-251. Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and practice of structural equation modelling (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press. Koening, J. R. (1995). Contracting for Quality: Cooperative Contracting System Helps Improve Crop Quality. Farmer Cooperatives, 62(5), 3-7. Kohls, R. L., & Uhl, J. N. (1985). Marketing of Agricultural Product (6th ed.). London: MPC, Collier MacMillan Publishing. Koster, R. B. M. (2002). Distribution structures for food home shopping. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 32(5), 362-380. Kotha, S. (1995). Mass customization: implementing the emerging paradigm for competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 16, 21-42. Koufteros, X. A., Vonderembse, M., & Jayaram, J. (2005). Internal and external integration for product development: the contingency effects of uncertainty, equivocality, and platform strategy. Decision Sciences., 36(1), 97-133. 252 Kumar, A., Fantazy, K. A., & Kumar, U. (2006). Implementation and management framework for supply chain flexibility. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 19(3), 303-319. Lai, K. H., & Edwin-Cheng, T. C. (2005). Effect of quality management and marketing on organizational performance. Journal of Business Research, 58, 446-456. La-Londe, & Bernard, J. (1997). Supply Chain Management: Myth or Reality. Supply Chain Management Review, 1(spring), 6-7. La-Londe, Bernard, J., James, M., & Masters. (1994). Emerging Logistics Strategies: Blueprints for the Next Century. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 24(7), 35-47. Lambert, D. M., & Cooper, M. C. (2000). Issues in Supply Chain Management. Industrial Marketing Management, 29, 65-83. Lambert, D. M., Emmelhainz, M. A., & Gardner, J. T. (1999). Building successful logistics partnerships. Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp., 20(1), 165-181. Lampel, J., & Mintzberg, H. (1996). Customizing customization. Sloan Management Review, Cambridge, 38(1), 21-30. Lau, & Antonio, K. W. (2007). Educational supply chain management: a case study, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 1074-8121, Vol. 15 No.1, pp.15-27. Lau, A. K. W. (2009, August 2-6). Managing modular product design: critical factors and a managerial guide. Paper presented at the PICMET 2009 Proceedings, Portland, OR, USA. Lau, A. K. W., Yam, R. C. M., & E.P.Y.Tang. (2007). Supply chain product co-development, product modularity and product performance: empirical evidence from Hong Kong manufacturers. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 107(7), 1036-1065. 253 Lau, A. K. W., Yam, R. C. M., & Tang, E. P. Y. (2010). Supply chain integration and product modularity: an empirical study of product performance for selected Hong Kong manufacturing industries. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 30(1), 20-56. Lee, & Billington, C. (1994). Managing supply chain inventory: pitfalls and opportunities. Sloan Management Review, 33(3), 65-73. Lee, J., Hall, E. H., & Rutherford, M. W. (2003). A Comparative Study of U.S and Korean Firms: Changes in Diversification and Performance. International Journal Commerce and Management, 13(1). Lee, H. L., & Tang, C. S. (1997). Modelling the costs and benefits of delayed product differentiation. Management Science, 43(1), 40-53. Levin, R. (1988). Contract Farming in Swaziland: Peasant Differentiation. African Studies, 47(2), 101-120. Li, S., Ragu_Nathan, B., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Rao, S. S. (2006). The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance. Omega, 34(1), 107-124. Lin, B. W. (2003). Cooperating for supply chain effectiveness: manufacturing strategy for Chinese OEMs. International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management,, 5(3), 232-245. Ling, K., Charles, & Liebrand, C. B. (1995, June, 5-6). Dairy Cooperatives' Role in Vertical Coordination. Paper presented at the The Industrialization of Agriculture: Vertical Coordination in The U.S. Food System, Washington DC. Little, P. D., & Watts, M. J. (1994). Living Under Contract: Contract Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Madison,WL. 254 Little-Peter, D., Miccheal, J., & Watts. (1994). Living under Contract – Contract Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Sub Saharan Africa, Madison: University of Wisconsin press. Loasby, B. J. (1999). Knowledge, Institutions and Evolution in Economics. London: Routledge. Loh, J. (2013, February 23 - March 8). Further research needed on domestic broiler market. SME News, 12. Lopes, A. B. (2001). A relevância da informação contábil para o mercado de capitais: o modelo de Ohlson aplicado à BOVESPA (the relevance of accounting information to capital markets; the Ohlson model applied to BOVESPA). Doctoral Dissertation Presented at the University of São Paulo. Lummus, R., Duclos, L. K., & Vokurka, R. J. (2003). Supply chain flexibility: building a new model. Global journal of Flexible System Management, 4(4), 1-13. Maluenda, J. U. (2006). Support effectiveness. Unpublished master's thesis. Malardalen University. Manarungsan, S., & Suwangindar, S. (1992). Contract Farming and Outgrower Scheme in Thailand: Contract Farming in Southeast Asia edited by D. Glover and L.T.Ghee, pp. 11- 70. Kuala Lumpur: Institute for Advances Study, University of Malaya. Manning, L., & Baines, R. N. (2004). Globalisation. A study of the poultry meat supply chain. British Food Journal, 106(10/11), 819-836. Marcus, G. D., & Frederick, D. A. (1994). Farm Bargaining Cooperatives: Group Asian Greater Gain. USDA, ACS. RR.130. Mario-Diani. (2000, 23-25 June). Networks and social movements: from metaphor to theory. Paper presented at the Conference of Social Movements Analysis: The Network Perspective, Scotland. 255 Mascarenhas, B., Baveja, A., & Jamil, M. (1998). Dynamics of core competencies in leading multinational companies. California Management Review, 40(4), 117-132.McNichols, T. Mears-Young, B., & M.C., J. (1997). Integrated logistics-Call in the revolutionariesv Omega. International Journal of Management Science, 25(6), 605-618.Mentzer, J. T., DeWitt, Mentzer, J. T., DeWitt, W., Keebler, J. S., Soonhoong, M., Nix, N. W., Smith, S. D., et al. (2001). Defining Supply Chain Management. Journal of Business Logistics, 22(2), 1-25. Meyer, M. H., & Lehnerd, A. P. (1997). The Power of Product Platforms: Building Value and Cost Leadership. New York: The Free Press. Meyer, C. (2007). Shareholder Value Accounting - the Value Relevance of Financial Statement Data and the Determinants of Accounting Method Choices. Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Miller, D. E., & Kunce, J. T. (1973). Prediction and Statistical overkill revisited. Measurement and Evaluation in Guidence, 6(3), 157-163. Minot, M. V. (1993). Contract Farming and Its Impact on Small Farmers in Less Developed Countries, edited by J. Abott. Agricultural and Food Marketing. Mirakzadeh, A., Ghyasvand, F., Karami, M., & Papzan, A. (2010). Analysis of factors affecting performance of industrial poultry production in the Kermanshah Township (In Persian). Iranian Journal of Research for Develkopment and Agricultural economic, 40(4), 153-159. Mishra, A. A., & Shah, R. (2009). In union lies strength: collaborative competence in new product development and its performance effects. Journal of Operations Management, 27(4), 324-338. 256 Molina-Castillo, F., & Munuera-Aleman, J. (2009a). The joint impact of quality and innovativeness on short-term new product performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 38(984-993). Moller, & Wilson. (1995). Business Marketing: an interaction and network perspective.: Springer, ISBN 0792395042. Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Scannell, T. V., Ragatz, G. L., & Frayer, D. L. (2000). New Product Development Strategies for Supplier Integration. Milwaukee, WI: ASQ Quality Press. Monczka, R. M., & Morgan, J. (1997). What’s wrong with supply chain management. Purchasing Journal, 69-72. Moore, H. L. (1994). Ensuring Contract Produces' Interests are Protected. Am-Coop: Washington DC: National Council of Farmer Cooperatives. Murray, W. E. (1997). Competitive Global Fruit Markets: Marketing Intermediaries and Impacts on Small Scale Growers in Chile. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 16(1), 43-55. Murray, W. E. (2001). The Second Wave of Globalisation and Agrarian Change in the Pacific Islands. Journal of Rural Studies, 17(2), 135-148. Murray, W. E. (2002). From dependency to reform and back again: The Chilean peasantry in the twentieth century. Journal of Peasant Studies, 29(3-4), 190-122. MyCC. (2012). Malaysia Competition Commission (“MyCC”) - Review of Domestic Broiler Market: Interim Report. Nanda, M. (1995). Transnationalism of Third World State and Undoing of Green Revolution. Economic Political Weekly, 30(4), 20-30. NaRanong, V. (2007). Structural Changes in Thailand’s Poultry Sector and its Social Implications. Bangkok, Thailand: Thailand Development Research Institute. 257 Naveh, E., & Marcus, A. A. (2004). When does the ISO 9000 Quality Assurance Standard Lead to Performance Improvement? Assimilation annd Going Beyond. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,, 5(3). Negah, M. (2008). Liberalisation and the value relevance of Accrual Accounting Information: Evidence from the Johannesburg Securities Exchange, Afro –Asian Journal of Finance and Accounting, 1(1), 81–104. New, S. J. (1995). Supply chain integration: results from a mixed-method pilot study. Paper presented at the Fourth International IPSERA Conference, Birmingham. Nohria, & R.G.Nitin-e-Eccles. (1992). Networks and Organizations: structure, form and action. Harward Business School Press. Norusis, M. J. (1999). Guide to data analysis. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Novak, S., & Eppinger, S. D. (2001). Sourcing by design: product complexity and the supply chain. Management Science, 47(1), 189-204. Nunnally, J. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York: Mc Graw Hill. Nzekwu, C. (2009). Financial reporting. SEC Quarterly Journal, 2 (1), 6-10. O’Brien, Elaine, M., & Kenneth, R. (1996). Educational supply chain: a tool for strategic planning in tertiary education? Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 14(2), 33-40. Oknkow, W., & Akubuo, C. (2001). Thermal analysis and evaluation of heat requirement of a passive solar energy poultry chick broader in Nigeria. Journal of Renewal Energy, 9(1). Oliver, R. K., & Webber, M. D. (1992). Supply-chain management: logistics catches up with strategy, in Christopher, M. (Ed.), Logistics: The Strategic Issues. London: Chapman & Hall. O'Raily, M., Wathey, D., & Gelber, M. (2000). ISO 14031: Effective mechanism to environmental performance evaluation: Corporate Environmental Strategy. 1(3), 267- 275. 258 O'Regan, N., & Ghobadian, A. (2004). The importance of capabilities for strategic direction and performance. Management Decision, 42(2), 292-313. Paarlberg, D. (1995). Understanding the Changing Structure of American Agriculture: Increasing Understanding of Public Problems and Practices. Oak Brook, Illinois: Farm Foundation. Pecci, F., & Lipparini. (1993). Principles Regional Differences in Contract Farming. Question Agraria, 51, 123-146. Penn, R. J. (1958). Tenure Innovations and Tenure Problems Associated with Vertical Integration. Journal of Farm Economics, 1383-1393. Pinsonneault, A., & Kreamer, K. L. (1993). Survey research methodology in management information system: An assessment. Journal of Management Information System, 10(2), 75-105. Porter, G., & Howard, K. P. (1997). Comprising contracts: an evaluation of contract farming schemes in Africa. World Development, 25(2), 227-238. Porter, M. E. (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nation. Harvard Business Review, 68(2), 73-93. Porter, M. E. (1991). Towards A Dynamic Theory of Strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12, 95-117. Prahalad, C. K., & Hamel, G. (1990). The core competence of the corporation. Harvard Business Review, 68(3), 79-93. Preedy, V. R., & Watson, R. R. (2009). Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. New York: Springer. Ragatz, G. L., Handfield, R. B., & Scannell, T. V. (1997). Success factors for integrating suppliers into new product development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14, 190-202. 259 Rajagopal, P. (2006). Determinants of effective supply chain partnering in the context of electrical and electronics firms in Malaysia. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University Science Malaysia. Raynolds, L. T. (2000). Negotiating contract farming in the Dominican Republic. Human Organisation, 59(4),, 59(4), 441-451. Reekers, N., & Smithson, S. (1996). The distribution of the benefits and drawbacks of EDI use in the European automotive industry. Paper presented at the the Research Forum, 5th World Congress of EDI Users, Brighton. Rehber, E. (1984). Norwegian Agriculture and Agricultural Marketing Through Cooperative Organizations: Ankara University Press, Ankara. Rehber, E. (1996). Land and Use in Farming and Farm Size: A Comparative Analysis of Europe and Turkey. Paper presented at the Fifth International Society for the Study of European Ideas, Utrecht, Netherlands. Rehber, E. (1997). The Relationship Between Farmers and Food Industry and Contract Farming: Case Study of Bursa Region (In Turkish with an English summary). Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Scientific Research Series No. 17. Reichhart, A., & Holweg, M. (2007). Creating the customer-responsive supply chain: a reconciliation of concepts. International Journal of Operation & Production Management, 27(11), 1144-1172. Rhodes, V. J., & Grimes, G. (1993). The Structure of the U.S. Pork Industry. Pork Industry Handbook, Cooperative Extension Service. West Lafayette, Indiana. Richard, P. J., Devinney, T. M., Yip, G. S., & Johnson, G. (2009). Measuring Organizational Performance: Towards Methodological Best Practice. Journal of Management, 35(3), 718-804. 260 Roa, S. S., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Solis, L. E. (1997). Does ISO 9000 have an effect on quality management practices? An International an empirical study. Total Quality Management, 6(335-346). Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2009). Management: Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall. Roberts, B., & Mackay, M. (1998). IT supporting supplier relationships: the role of electronic commerce. European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 4(2), 175-184. Rogers, E. (1995). The Diffusion of Innovations. New York, NY.: The Free Press. Rondeau, P. J., Vonderembse, M. A., & Ragu-Nathan, T. S. (2000). Exploring work system practices for time-based manufacturers: their impact on competitive capabilities. Journal of Operation Management, 18(5), 509-529. Ross, & Frederick, D. (1998). Competing Through Supply Chain Management. New York: Chapman & Hall. Roth, P. L., & BeVier, C. A. (1998). Response Rates in HRM/OB Survey Research: Norms and Correlates, 1990-1994. Journal of Management, 24(1), 97-117. Roy, E. P. (1963). Contract Farming.: Danvill, Illinois: Interstate Printers and Publishers Inc. Russ, F. A., & McNeilly, K. M. (1995). Links among satisfaction, commitment, and turnover intentions: The moderating effects of experience, gender, and performance. Journal of Business Research, 34, 57-65. Sabel, C. F., & Zeitlin, J. (2004). Neither modularity nor relational contracting: inter-firm collaboration in the new economy. Enterprise & Society, 5(3), 388-403. Salomo, S., Steinhoff, F., & Trommsdorff, V. (2003). Customer orientation in innovation projects and new product development success – the moderating effect of product innovativeness. International Journal of Technology Management, 26(5/6), 442-463. 261 Salvador, F., Rungtusanatham, M., & Forza, C. (2004). Supply-chain configurations for mass customization. Production Planning & Control., 15(4), 381-397. Sampson, & Scott, E. (2000). Customer-supplier duality and bidirectional supply chains in service organization. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 11(4), 348- 364. Sanchez, R. (1995). Strategic flexibility in product competition. Strategic Management Journal, 16(Special issue), 135-160. Sanchez, R., & Mahoney, J. T. (1996). Modularity, flexibility, and knowledge management in product and organization design. Strategic Management Journal, 17(Special Issue), 63-76. Sandelands, E. (1994). Building supply chain relationships. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 24(3), 43-44. Saraiva, P. M., & Duarte, B. (2003). ISO 9001: some statistical results for a worldwide phenomena. TQM & Business Excellence, 14(10), 1169-1178. Scannell, T. V., Vickery, S. K., & Dröge, C. L. (2000). Upstream supply chain management and competitive performance the automotive supply industry. Journal of Business Logistics, 21(1), 23-48. Schilling, M. A. (2000). Toward a general modular systems theory and its application to interfirm product modularity. Academy of Management Review, 25(2), 312-334. Schmidt, J. B., & Calantone, R. J. (1998). Are really new product development projects harder to shut down. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 15(5), 114-123. Schroeder, R. G., Bates, K. A. V., & Junttila, M. A. (2002). Resources-based view of manufacturing strategy and the relation with manufacturing performance. Strategic Management Journal, 23(2), 105-117. 262 Scott, C., & Westbrook, R. (1991). New strategic tools for supply chain management. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 21(1), 23-33. SEARCA. (1999). SEAMEO Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture. The Effects of Trade Liberalisation on the Philippine Livestock Industry. Final report. Los Bañnos, Philippines. Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: a skill building approach: John Wiley Publication. Sekaran, U. (2005). Research methods for business. A skill bulding approach (4th ed.). Sengupta, S., & Turnbull, J. (1996). Seamless optimization of the entire supply chain, IIE Solutions, Vol. 28, No. 10, pp.28-33. Seuring, S. A. (2003). Strategy and organization in Supply chains. Springer: ISBN 3790800244. Shimoda, S. (1994). Agbiotech Will Vertically Integrate Agribusiness. Biotechnology, 12(11), 1062-1064. Simmonds, P. G. (1990). The Combined diversification breadth and mode dimensions and the performance of large diversified firms. Strategic Management Journal, 11(5), 399-410. Simon, H. (1962). The architecture of complexity. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. Singh, G., & Asokan, S. (2008). Contract Farming: The Concept and Scope in India. Contract Farming and Tenancy Reforms: Entangled Without Tether, 95. Song, M. X., & M.E. Parry, M. E. (1997). A cross-national comparative study of new product development processes: Japan and the United States. Journal of Marketing, 61, 1-18. Song, M. X., & Montoya-Weiss, M. M. (1998). Critical development activities for really new versus incremental products. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 15(4), 124- 135. 263 Song, X. M., & Benedetto, A. D. (2008). Supplier's involvement and success of radical new product development in new ventures. Journal of Operations Management, 26(1), 1-22. Sporleder, T. I., & Wu, S. Y. (2006). Social capital and vertical ties in agrifood supply chain. Journal of Chain and Network Science, 6(1), 1-7. SPSS. (2012). SPSS. Retreived january, 3, 2013, from http//:www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/spss/faq/alpha.html. Starr, M. K. (1965). Modular production - a new concept. Harvard Business Review(November-December), 131-142. Stevens, & Graham, C. (1989). Integrating the Supply Chains. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, 8(8), 3-8. Stone-Romero, E. F., & Hollenbeck, J. R. (1984). Spme issues associated with the use of moderated regression. Organisational Behavior and Human Performance, 34(2), 195- 213. Stuart, F. I. (1997). Supply chain strategy: organizational influence through supplier alliances. British Journal of management, 8(3), 223-236. Stuart, F. I., & McCutcheon, D. M. (2000). The manager's guide to supply chain management. Business Horizons, 43(2), 43-51. Sun, H., Yau, H. K., & Suen, E. K. M. (2010). The Simultaneous Impact of Supplier and Customer Involvement on New Product Performance. Journal Technology Management Innovation, 5(4), 72-81. Swafford, P. M., Ghosh, S., & Murthy, N. (2006). The antecedents of supply chain agility of a firm: scale development and model testing. Journal of Operation Management, 24(2), 170-188. 264 Swink M, Narasimhan R, Wang C (2007). Managing beyond the factory walls: effects of four types of strategic integration on manufacturing plant performance. Journal operation management. 25(1): 148-164. Syed, L. A. M., & Rao, N. V. (2004). Diversification, financing decisions and performance: An empirical evaluation. Journal of Business and Public Affairs. Szymanski, D. M., Kroff, M. W., & Troy, L. C. (2007). Innovativeness and new product success: insights from the cumulative evidence. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35, 35-52. Takeishi, A. (2001). Bridging inter- and intra-firmboundaries:management of supplier involvement in automobile product development. StrategicManagement Journal, 22(5), 41-53. Tan, K. C., Handfield, R. B., & Krause, D. R. (1998). Enhancing firm’s performance through quality and supply base management: an empirical study. International Journal of Production Research, 36(10), 2813-2837. Taylor, D. H., & Fearne, A. (2006). Towards a framework for improvement in the management of demand in agri-food supply chains. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 11, 379-384. Teece, D. J., G.Pisano, & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509-533. Thi, L. S. (2006). Electronic commerce adoption among manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia. Unpublished dissertation, Universiti Utara Malaysia. Thorelli, H. B. (1986). Networks: Between Markets and Hierarchies. Strategic Management Journal, 7(1), 37-51. Tongli, L., Ping, E. J., & Chiu, W. K. C. (2005). International Diversification and Performance: Evidence from Singapore. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22, 65-88. 265 Tracey, M. (2004). A holistic approach to new product development: new insights. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 40(4), 37-55. Trifon, R. (1959). Guides for Speculation About Vertical Integration of Agriculture with Allied Industries. Journal of Farm Economics, 734-746. Tripathi, R. S., Singh, R., & Singh, S. (2005). Contract farming in Potato production: An alternative for managing risk and uncertainty. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 18. Tummala, R., Philips, C., & Johnson, M. (2006). Assessing supply chain management success factors: a case study. An International Journal, 11(2), 179-192. Tyndall, Gene, Gopal, C., Partsch, W., & Kamauff, J. (1998). Supercharging Supply Chains: New Ways to Increase Value Through Global Operational Excellence. NY: John Wiley & Sons. Ulrich, K. (1995). The role of product architechture in manufacturing firm. Research Policy, 24(3), 419-440. Ulrich, K., & Tung, K. (1991). Fundamentals of product modularity. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 1991 ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences - Conference on Design/Manufacture Integration, Miami, FL. Ulrich, K. T., & Espingger, S. D. (1995). Product Design and Development. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill,. USDA. (2004). India's Poultry Sector, Development and Prospects, Agriculture Trade Reports: Economics Research Service, WRS-04-03. Vachon, S. (2003). Green supply chain practices: an examination of their antecedents and performance outcomes. London, Ontario: The University of Western Ontario. 266 Van-Echtelt, F. E. A., Wynstra, F., Weele, V. A. J., & Duysters, G. (2008). Managing supplier involvement in new product development: a multiple-case study. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 25, 180-201. Van-Hoek, R. I. (2001). The rediscovery of posphonement: a literature review and directions for research. Journal of Operation Management, 19, 161-184. Velicer, W. F., & Fava, J. L. (1987). An evaluation of the effects of variable sampling on component, image and factor analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 22(2),, 22(2), 193–209. Venkatraman, N., & Ramanujam, V. (1986a). Measurement of Business Economic Performance: An Examination of Method Convergence: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Venkatraman, N., & Ramanujam, V. (1986b). Measurement of Business Performance in Strategy Research: a Comparison of Approaches. Academy of Management Review, 11(4), 801-814. Verma, R., & Pullman, M. E. (1998). An Analysis of Supplier Selection Process. Omega, 26(6), 739-750. Vollmann, T. E., & Cordon, C. (1998). Building successful customer-supplier alliances. Long Range Planning, 31(5). Von- Braun, J., & Kennedy, E. (1994). Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition: Johns Hopkins University Press. Von-Hippel, E. (2005). Democratizing Innovation. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Voss, C., Tsikriktsis, N., & Frohlich, M. (2002). Case research in operations management. Journal of Operations and Production Management, 22(2), 195-219. Vulkina, T., & Foster, W. E. (1996). Efficiency Gains in Broiler Production Through Contract Parameter Fine Tuning. Poultry Science, 75(11), 1351-1358. 267 W., Keebler, J. S., Min, S., Nix, N. W., Smith, C. D., et al. (2001). Defining supply chain management. Journal of Business Logistics, 22(2), 1-25. Wallace, R. S., (1988). Corporate Financial Reporting in Nigeria, Journal of Accounting and Business Research, 18(72), 352-362. Walz, G. A. (1980). Design tactics for optimal modularity. Paper presented at the Proceedings of Autotestcon: International Automatic Testing Conference, Washington, DC. Watts, C., & Hahn, C. (1993). Supplier development programs: an empirical analysis. International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, 29, 497-519. Watts, C. A., Kim, K. T., & Hahn, C. K. (1992). Linking purchasing to coporate competitive strategy. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, 28, 2-8. Watts, M. J. (1994). Life Under Contract: Contract Farming, Agrarian Restructuring and Flexible Accumulation (Living under Contract, Contract Farming, Agrarian Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa), edited by P.D. Little and M.J. Watts, pp. 21-70. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. Weerakoon, T. S. (1996). Organizational performance a stakeholder concept. Paper presented at the International Research Conference on Quality Management Proceeding. Weil, M. (1998). Customize the customer. Manufacturing Systems, 16(4), 54-64. Whatmore, S. (2003). From Farming to Agribusiness: the Global Agro-food System', in J. R. J., P. J. Taylor & M. Watts, Geographies of Global Change. London: Blackwell. White, B. (1997). Agroindustry and contract farmers in Upland West Java. Journal of Peasant Studies, 24(3), 100-136. Wilson, J. (1986). The political economy of contract farming. Review of Radical Political Economics, 18(4), 47-70. 268 Wisner, J. (2003). A structural equation model of supply chain management strategies and firm performance. Journal of Business Logistics, 24(1), 1-26. Wisner, J. D., & Tan, K. C. (2000). Supply chain management and its impact on purchasing. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 36(4), 33-42. Womack, J., & Jones, D. (1996). Beyond Toyota: How to Root Out Waste and Pursue Perfection. Harvard Business Review, Sep/Oct, 140-158. Worren, N., Moore, K., & Cardona, P. (2002). Modularity, strategic flexibility, and firm performance: a study of the home appliance industry. Strategic Management Journal, 23(12), 1123-1140. WPSA. (2007, 5–6 March). Symposium action list. World’s Poultry Science Association. Asian Pacific Federation Working Group on Small-Scale Family Poultry Farming Symposium. Minimising the Impact of Avian Influenza on Small-Scale Family Poultry Farming in Developing Countries. Paper presented at the 8th Asian Pacific Poultry Conference, Bangkok. Wright, D. (1989). Contract farming agreements. Farm Management, 7(14), 177-184. Yaaghubi, A., Chizari, M., Pezshkirad, G., & Foeli, S. (2009). Importance of farm management skill from the viewpoint of Wheat farmers in Tafresh Township. Journal of Agricultural Economic and Development, 17(66), 99-114. Yusuf, Y. Y., Gunasekaran, A., Adeleye, E. O., & Sivayoganathan, K. (2004). Agile supply chain capabilities: determinants of competitive objective. Europian Journal of Operation Research, 159(2), 379-392. Zack, M., McKeen, J., & Singh, S. (2009). knowledge management and organizational performance: an exploratory analysis. Journal of Knowledge Management, 13(6), 392-400. Zhao X, Huo B, Selen W, Yeung J (2011). The impact of internal integration and relationship commitment on external integration. Journal operation management. 29(1-2): 17-32 Zirger, B. J., & Maidique, M. A. (1990). A model of new product development: an empirical test. Management Science, 36(7), 867-883.

Similar Items