The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students

Career adaptability refers to the flexible attribute of individuals toward their career endeavor in the face of volatile circumstances. As Malaysia is reaching its goal to achieve an industrialized nation status by 2020 and the increase in ageing population in 2030, there is a need to have a workfo...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Fawehinmi, Olawole Olanre
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2016
Subjects:	HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/1/s819663_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/2/s819663_02b.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-uum-etd.6426
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Yahya, Khulida Kirana
topic	HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment
spellingShingle	HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment Fawehinmi, Olawole Olanre The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
description	Career adaptability refers to the flexible attribute of individuals toward their career endeavor in the face of volatile circumstances. As Malaysia is reaching its goal to achieve an industrialized nation status by 2020 and the increase in ageing population in 2030, there is a need to have a workforce that possess a high level of career adaptability in order to boost workforce efficiency. This can be achieved by having graduates that are highly intellectual, positive work-attitude, spontaneous and flexible to keep abreast with relevant and current skills and technical knowhow in the prevailing labour market in the country. The current level of shortage of required skills and attributes by fresh graduates in the country is alarming, thus drastic measures need to be taken by all stake holders, including the Human resource professionals, career counsellors, lecturers, government and the family institution. This study is to assess the level of career adaptability among undergraduate students by determining the relationship between career adaptability and self-esteem, proactive personality and social support among undergraduate students in public universities in Malaysia. Data was obtained from 188 questionnaires targeting undergraduate final year students of Bachelor of Business administration (BBA) taking the seminar course in Universiti Utara Malaysia, Kedah. The result analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) indicates a positive and significant correlation between pro-active personality and social support with the career adaptability level among the undergraduate students; with pro-active personality having the strongest significant positive relationship. It is noteworthy to mention that self-esteem did not indicate a significant relationship with career adaptability, because of the lack of mediating factor such as career exploration. It is recommended that there is a need to form a synergy among career counsellors, human professionals, lecturers and family members in order to boost the career adaptability of these students. This will enable the students to attain the necessary soft skills such as communication, decision making, critical thinking, interpersonal skill and English language proficiency. These skills are highly required in today`s competitive and volatile labour market, so that they can have a smooth school to work transition in the nearest future.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	masters
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Fawehinmi, Olawole Olanre
author_facet	Fawehinmi, Olawole Olanre
author_sort	Fawehinmi, Olawole Olanre
title	The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
title_short	The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
title_full	The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
title_fullStr	The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
title_full_unstemmed	The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
title_sort	relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	School of Business Management
publishDate	2016
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/1/s819663_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/2/s819663_02b.pdf
_version_	1747828074577133568
spelling	my-uum-etd.64262021-04-05T02:18:09Z The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students 2016 Fawehinmi, Olawole Olanre Yahya, Khulida Kirana School of Business Management School of Business Management HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management. Employment Career adaptability refers to the flexible attribute of individuals toward their career endeavor in the face of volatile circumstances. As Malaysia is reaching its goal to achieve an industrialized nation status by 2020 and the increase in ageing population in 2030, there is a need to have a workforce that possess a high level of career adaptability in order to boost workforce efficiency. This can be achieved by having graduates that are highly intellectual, positive work-attitude, spontaneous and flexible to keep abreast with relevant and current skills and technical knowhow in the prevailing labour market in the country. The current level of shortage of required skills and attributes by fresh graduates in the country is alarming, thus drastic measures need to be taken by all stake holders, including the Human resource professionals, career counsellors, lecturers, government and the family institution. This study is to assess the level of career adaptability among undergraduate students by determining the relationship between career adaptability and self-esteem, proactive personality and social support among undergraduate students in public universities in Malaysia. Data was obtained from 188 questionnaires targeting undergraduate final year students of Bachelor of Business administration (BBA) taking the seminar course in Universiti Utara Malaysia, Kedah. The result analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) indicates a positive and significant correlation between pro-active personality and social support with the career adaptability level among the undergraduate students; with pro-active personality having the strongest significant positive relationship. It is noteworthy to mention that self-esteem did not indicate a significant relationship with career adaptability, because of the lack of mediating factor such as career exploration. It is recommended that there is a need to form a synergy among career counsellors, human professionals, lecturers and family members in order to boost the career adaptability of these students. This will enable the students to attain the necessary soft skills such as communication, decision making, critical thinking, interpersonal skill and English language proficiency. These skills are highly required in today`s competitive and volatile labour market, so that they can have a smooth school to work transition in the nearest future. 2016 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/1/s819663_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/6426/2/s819663_02b.pdf text eng public masters masters Universiti Utara Malaysia Aaronson, D., Mazumder, B., & Schechter, S. (2010). What is behind the rise in longterm unemployment?. Economic Perspectives, 34(2) 28–51. ACU Perspectives #8 - Datin Ir Dr Siti Hamisah binti Tapsir. (2016, January 19). Retrieved November 10, 2016, from https://soundcloud.com/acubytes/acuperspectives- 8-datin-ir-dr-siti-hamisah-binti-tapsir Akkermans, T. J. (2013). Well begun is half done: Investigating the work and career of the young workforce. Doctoral dissertation, Utrecht University, Netherlands. Allen, R. C. (1998). The employability of university graduates in the humanities, social sciences, and education: recent statistical evidence. Discussion Paper No.: 98 – 15. Arumugam, N., Thayalan, X., Dass, L. C., & Maniam, M. (2014). Unemployment among Graduate Nurses in Malaysia: A Case Study. Asian Social Science, 10(9), 227-232. Ashford, S. J., & Black, J. S. (1996). Proactivity during organizational entry: The role of desire for control. Journal of Applied psychology, 81(2), 199-214. Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human relations, 65(10), 1359-1378. Barnett, B. R., & Bradley, L. (2007). The impact of organisational support for career development on career satisfaction. Career development international, 12(7), 617-636. Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of organizational behavior, 14(2), 103-118. Battle, J. (1997). Culture-free self-esteem inventories for children and adults. Evaluating stress: A book of resources, 67-95. Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological bulletin, 117(3), 497-529. Beaumont, R. (2012). An Introduction to statistics Correlation. Retrieved October 12, 2016, from http://www.floppybunny.org/robin/web/virtual classroom/stats/basics/part9.pdf Bezuidenhout, M. (2011). The development and evaluation of a measure of graduate employability in the context of the new world of work (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). Bimrose, J., Brown, A., Barnes, S. A., & Hughes, D. (2011). The role of career adaptability in skills supply. Evidence report 35. Retrieved October 23, 2016, from http://www.ukces.org.uk/assets/ukces/docs/ publications/evidence-report-35-role-of-career- adaptability.pdf Black, K. (2011). Business statistics: Contemporary decision making, 3rd ed., South-Western Thomson Learning, Cincinnati, Ohio, 742-3. Bo, S., & Zi-Jing, Z. (2014, April). Proactive Personality and Career Success: A Person-organization Fit Perspective. In 2014 International Conference on Economic Management and Trade Cooperation (EMTC 2014). Atlantis Press. Briscoe, J. P., Hall, D. T., & DeMuth, R. L. F. (2006). Protean and boundaryless careers: An empirical exploration. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 30-47. Brown, A., Bimrose, J., Barnes, S. A., & Hughes, D. (2012). The role of career adaptabilities for mid-career changers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 754-761. Buss, D. M. (1987). Selection, evocation, and manipulation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 53(6), 1214-1221. Byrne, M., Willis, P., & Burke, J. (2012). Influences on school leavers’ career decisions–Implications for the accounting profession. The International Journal of Management Education, 10(2), 101-111. Cai, Z., Guan, Y., Li, H., Shi, W., Guo, K., Liu, Y., ... & Hua, H. (2015). Self-esteem and proactive personality as predictors of future work self and career adaptability: An examination of mediating and moderating processes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 86-94. Carol, O. T. L., Khaun, A. L. C., & Singh, P. K. S. (2011). Employer expectations of language at the workplace. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, 7(2), 82-103. Chan, S. H. J., & Mai, X. (2015). The relation of career adaptability to satisfaction and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 130-139. Chan, S. H., Mai, X., Kuok, O. M., & Kong, S. H. (2016). The influence of satisfaction and promotability on the relation between career adaptability and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 92, 167-175. Chiu, Y. L., Chung, R. G., Wu, C. S., & Ho, C. H. (2009). The effects of job demands, control, and social support on hospital clinical nurses' intention to turn over. Applied Nursing Research, 22(4), 258-263. Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic medicine, 38(5), 300-314. Coetzee, M. (2005). The relationship between personality preferences, self-esteem and emotional intelligence. South Africa: Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria. Coetzee, M., Ferreira, N., & Potgieter, I. L. (2015). Assessing employability capacities and career adaptability in a sample of human resource professionals. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(1), 2-9. Connelly, L. M. (2008). Pilot studies. Medsurg Nursing, 17(6), 411-2. Constantine, M. G., Wallace, B. C., & Kindaichi, M. M. (2005). Examining contextual factors in the career decision status of African American adolescents. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(3), 307-319. Coolen, A. C. M. (2014). Enhancing career adaptability to prepare for the school to work transition: Outcomes of an ePortfolio intervention among university students. Master thesis, Utrecht University, Netherlands. Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2003). Research methods. Boston, MA: Irwin. Crant, J. M. (1995). The Proactive Personality Scale and objective job performance among real estate agents. Journal of applied psychology, 80(4), 532-537. Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of management, 26(3), 435-462. Crant, J. M., & Bateman, T. S. (2000). Charismatic leadership viewed from above: The impact of proactive personality. Journal of organizational Behavior, 21(1), 63-75. Creed, P. A., Fallon, T., & Hood, M. (2009). The relationship between career adaptability, person and situation variables, and career concerns in young adults. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), 219-229. Creed, P., Macpherson, J., & Hood, M. (2010). Predictors of new economy career orientation in an Australian sample of late adolescents. Journal of Career Development, 38, 369–389. Creswell, J. W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative and quantitative. London, UK: Sage Publications. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. London, UK: Sage publications. Crook, R. H., Healy, C. C., & O'Shea, D. W. (1984). The linkage of work achievement to self-esteem, career maturity, and college achievement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 25(1), 70-79. Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. CT, USA: Cengage learning. Curran-Everett, D. (2009). Explorations in statistics: the bootstrap. Advances in physiology education, 33(4), 286-292. Cutrona, C. E. (1996). Social support in couples: Marriage as a resource in times of stress (Vol. 13). London, UK: Sage Publications. Darmi, R., & Albion, P. (2013). Malaysian graduates: what and why. 1, 1-7. De Guzman, A., & Choi, K. O. (2013). The relations of employability skills to career adaptability among technical school students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82, 199-207. De Vos, A., De Hauw, S., & Van der Heijden, B. I. (2011). Competency development and career success: The mediating role of employability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 438-447. Del Corso, J. (2013). The theory of career adaptability. In A. di Fabio & J.G. Maree (Eds.), The psychology of career counseling: New challenges for a new era, 117–130. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers, Inc Deluga, R. J. (1998). American presidential proactivity, charismatic leadership, and rated performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(3), 265-291. Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2011). Enduring Issues and Controversies. The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of individual differences, 718. Douglass, R. P., & Duffy, R. D. (2015). Calling and career adaptability among undergraduate students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 58-65. Drewes, T. (2002). Value added: Humanities and social sciences degrees. In Ontario Confederation of University Faculty Associations Forum: 10-12. Duarte, M. E. (2004). O indivíduo e a organização: Perspectivas de desenvolvimento. Psychologica,(extra-série), 549-557. Duffy, R. D. (2010). Sense of control and career adaptability among undergraduate students. Journal of Career Assessment. 18(4), 1-11. Duffy, R. D., Douglass, R. P., & Autin, K. L. (2015). Career adaptability and academic satisfaction: Examining work volition and self efficacy as mediators. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 46-54. Eker, D., & Arkar, H. (1995). Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği [Factorial Structure, Validity, and Reliability of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support]. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 34, 17-25. Eker, D., Arkar, H., & Yaldız, H. (2001). Çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin gözden geçirilmiş formunun faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 12(1), 17-25. Ellis, R. A., & Taylor, M. S. (1983). Role of self-esteem within the job search process. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 632-640. Frese, M., Fay, D., Hilburger, T., Leng, K., & Tag, A. (1997). The concept of personal initiative: Operationalization, reliability and validity in two German samples. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 70(2), 139-161. Fugate, M., Kinicki, A. J., & Ashforth, B. E. (2004). Employability: A psycho-social construct, its dimensions, and applications. Journal of Vocational behavior, 65(1), 14-38. Fuller, B., & Marler, L. E. (2009). Change driven by nature: A meta-analytic review of the proactive personality literature. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 329-345. Germeijs, V., & Verschueren, K. (2007). High school students’ career decisionmaking process: Consequences for choice implementation in higher education. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70(2), 223-241. Glozah, Franklin N., & Pevalin, David J. (2014). Social support, stress, health, and academic success in Ghanaian adolescents: A path analysis. Journal of Adolescence, 37(4), 451–460. Greenglass, E. (2002). Proactive coping (Chapter 3). In E. Frydenberg (Ed.), Beyond coping: Meeting goals, vision, and challenges: 37–62. London: Oxford University Press. Greenglass, E., & Nash, K. (2008). Coping and emotional labor. Theoretical considerations. Stress and anxiety. Applications to life span development and health promotion, 7-18. Griffin, B., & Hesketh, B. (2003). Adaptable behaviours for successful work and career adjustment. Australian Journal of psychology, 55(2), 65-73. Grundy, I. (2016, May 31). All have role solving youth unemployment. New Straits times. Retrieved October 11, 2016, from http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/05/14876 9/all-have-role-solving-youthunemployment Guan, Y., Deng, H., Sun, J., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Ye, L. & Li, Y. (2013). Career adaptability, job search self-efficacy and outcomes: A three-wave investigation among Chinese university graduates. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 561-570. Guan, Y., Guo, Y., Bond, M. H., Cai, Z., Zhou, X., Xu, J. & Wang, Y. (2014). New job market entrants' future work self, career adaptability and job search outcomes: Examining mediating and moderating models. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 136-145. Gudermann, M. (2011). The relationship between proactive personality, affective commitment and the role of job stressors. 1-36 Gushue, G. V., & Whitson, M. L. (2006). The relationship among support, ethnic identity, career decision self-efficacy, and outcome expectations in African American high school students applying social cognitive career theory. Journal of Career Development, 33(2), 112-124. Hall, D. T. (2002). Careers in and out of organizations , 107. Cal, USA: Sage. Hall, D.T. (2013). Protean careers in the 21st century. In K. Inkson, & M.L. Savickas (Eds.), Career studies, Vol I: Foundations of career studies: 245–254. London, UK: Sage. Hamamci, Z., & Hamurlu, M. K. (2005). Relationship be- tween level of knowledge and attitudes of parents about helping their children for career development and career indecision of their children. Inönü University Education Faculty Journal, 6 (10), 55-69. Hamtiaux, A., Houssemand, C., & Vrignaud, P. (2013). Individual and career adaptability: Comparing models and measures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83, 130-141. Harter, S. (1990). Causes, correlates, and the functional role of global self-worth: A life span perspective. In R. J. Sternberg, & J. KolliganJr. (Eds.), Competence considered: 67–97. New Haven: Yale University Press. Hartung, P.J. (2013). Career construction counseling. In A. di Fabio & J.G. Maree (Eds.), The psychology of career counseling: New challenges for a new era: 15–28. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Hasrin Mahadi, N. A., Ph’ng, L. M., Hasan, H., & Ariffin, H. (2015). Self-Esteem, Social Support, And Career Decision-Making Among Technical Engineering Students. Self, 24, 25th. Retrieved October 22, 2016 from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Norida_ Abdullah/publication/301694533_self-esteem_ social_support_and_career_decisionmaking_among_ technical_engineering_students/links/5723251a08ae 262228a93f54.pdf Heppner, P. P. (2008). Expanding the conceptualization and measurement of applied problem solving and coping: from stages to dimensions to the almost forgotten cultural context. American Psychologist, 63, 803–816. Hess, N., Jepsen, D.M., & Dries, N. (2012). Career and employer change in the age of the ‘boundaryless’ career. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81, 280–288. Hewitt, J. P. (2002). The social construction of self-esteem. Handbook of positive psychology, 135-147. Hirschi, A. (2009). Career adaptability development in adolescence: Multiple predictors and effect on sense of power and life satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), 145-155. Hirschi, A. (2010). Swiss adolescents’ career aspirations: Influence of context, age, and career adaptability. Journal of Career Development, 36(3), 228-245. Hirschi, A., Niles, S. G., & Akos, P. (2011). Engagement in adolescent career preparation: Social support, personality and the development of choice decidedness and congruence. Journal of Adolescence, 34(1), 173-182. Horwitz, E. K. (2010). Foreign and second language anxiety Language Teaching, 43(2), 154-167. Hou, C., Wu, L., & Liu, Z. (2014). Effect of proactive personality and decisionmaking self-efficacy on career adaptability among Chinese graduates. Social Behavior and Personality: An international Journal, 42(6), 903-912. Hsieh, H. H., & Huang, J. T. (2014). The Effects of Socioeconomic Status and Proactive Personality on Career Decision Self‐Efficacy. The Career Development Quarterly, 62(1), 29-43. Hunter, M. (2015, December 11). Addressing Youth Unemployment in Malaysia: Turning Informal Sector into an Idea Economy. Eurasiareview. Retrieved October 27, 2016, from http://www.eurasiareview.com/11122015-addressing youth-unemployment-in-malaysia-turning-informal-sector-into-an-ideaeconomy-oped/ ILO (2011). Global unemployment trends for youth: 2011 update. Geneva: International Labour Organization. Isik, E. (2013). Perceived Social Support and Locus of Control as the Predictors of Vocational Outcome Expectations. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 13(3), 1426-1430. Ismail, N. A. (2011). Graduates' characteristics and unemployment: A study among Malaysian graduates. International journal of business and social science, 2(16), 94-102. Ismail, S., Ferreira, N., & Coetzee, M. (2016). Young emerging adults’ graduateness and career adaptability: Exploring the moderating role of self-esteem. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 26(1), 1-10. Jackson, C. (1996). Managing and developing a boundaryless career: Lessons from dance and drama. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 617–628. Jawahar, I. M., & Liu, Y. (2016). Proactive personality and citizenship performance: The mediating role of career satisfaction and the moderating role of political skill. Career Development International, 21(4), 378-401. Joao, T. F., & Coetzee, M. (2012). Job retention factors, perceived career mobility and organizational commitment in the South African financial sector. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 22(1), 69-76. Johnson, S. (2016). Adapt or die: Why career adaptability is vital to your success. Retrieved August 11, 2016, from https://www.aim.com.au/blog/adapt-or-diewhy- career-adaptability-vital-your-success. Joo, B. K., & Ready, K. J. (2012). Career satisfaction: The influences of proactive personality, performance goal orientation, organizational learning culture, and leader-member exchange quality. Career Development International, 17(3), 276-295. Judt, T. (2011). Ill fares the land: A treatise on our present discontents. London, England: Penguin. 99 Kahn, L. B. (2010). The long-term labor market consequences of graduating from college in a bad economy. Labour Economics, 17(2), 303–316. Kammeyer-Mueller, J.D. and Wanberg, C.R. (2003), “Unwrapping the organizational entry process: disentangling multiple antecedents and their pathways to adjustment”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88 (5), 779-794. Kanfer, R., Wanberg, C. R., & Kantrowitz, T. M. (2001). Job search and reemployment: A personality–motivational analysis and meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 837-855. Karchner-Ober, R. (2012). Speaking, reading and writing in three languages. Preferences and attitudes of multilingual Malaysian students. International Journal of Multilingualism, 9(4), 385-406. Karim, H. A. (2016, February 3). Unemployed because they can't speak English Read Retrieved October 14, 2016, from http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/02/12552 9/unemployed-because-theycant- speak- english Kaur, S., & Lee, S. H. (2006). Analysing workplace oral communication needs in English among IT graduates. English for Specific Purposes World, 5(1), 12. Kaur, M. (2016). Number of unemployed public university graduates to soar. Retrieved October 12, 2016 from http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/06/21/number-ofunemployed- public-university-graduates-to-soar/. Kenny, M. E., Blustein, D., Chaves, A., Grossman, J., & Gallagher, L. A. (2003). The role of perceived barriers and relational support in the educational and vocational lives of urban high school students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 20, 142-155. Khazanah research insititute (2014). Retrieved October 24, 2016 from http://www.krinstitute.org/Articles- @Population_Ageing;_Can_We_%E2%80%9CLive_Long_and_Prosper%E2 %80%9D%5E.aspx#sthash.c54NuvJA.dpuf. Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restorative dentistry & endodontics, 38(1), 52-54. Kiong, T. P., & Yin-Fah, B. C. (2016). Exploring Factors Towards Career Success in Malaysia. International Business Management, 10(17), 3936-3943. Klehe, U. -C., Zikic, J., Van Vianen, A. E. M., & De Pater, I. E. (2011). Career adaptability, turnover and loyalty during organizational downsizing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79, 217–229. Klehe, U-C., Zikic, J., Van Vianen, A. E. M., Koen, J., & Buyken, M. (2012). Coping proactively with economic stress: Career adaptability in the face of job insecurity, job loss, unemployment, and underemployment. In P. L. Perrewé, J. R. B. Halbesleben & C. C. Rosen (Eds.), The role of the economic crisis on 100 occupational stress and well being: 131–176. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Koen, J., Klehe, U.-C., Zikic, J., & vanVianen, A. E. M. (2010). Job-search strategies and reemployment quality: The impact of career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77, 126–139. Koen, Jessie, Klehe, Ute-Christine, Vianen, Van, & Annelies, E. M. (2012). Training career adaptability to facilitate a successful school-to-work transition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(3), 395–408. Kokko, K., & Pulkkinen, L. (1998). Unemployment and psychological distress: mediator effects. Journal of Adult Development, 5, 205–217. Kougioumoutzaki F., & Kalamatianou, A. G. (2008). Employment status and occupational mismatch: The case of Greek social sciences graduates. Paper presented at the 2nd International Conference on Educational Economics, Athens, Greece, 27 – 30 August 2008. Kracke, B. (2002). The role of personality, parents and peers in adolescents. Journal of Adolescents, 25, 19-30. Langford, Catherine Penny Hinson, Bowsher, Juanita, Maloney, Joseph P., & Lillis, Patricia P. (1997). Social support: A conceptual analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25(1), 95–100. Lau, V. P., Wong, Y. Y., & Chow, C. W. C. (2013). Turning the tables: Mitigating effects of proactive personality on the relationships between work-to-family conflict and work- and nonwork-related outcomes. Career Development International, 18, 503-520. Leedy, P. & Ormrod, J. (2001). Practical research: Planning and design (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. Lent, R. W., Brown, S., & Hackett, G. (2000). Contextual supports and barriers to career choice: A social cognitive analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 36–49. Lent, R.W., Brown, S., & Hackett, G. (1994). Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45,79–122. Lordello, M. C., Ambrogini, C. C., Fanganiello, A. L., Embiruçu, T. R., Zaneti, M. M., Veloso, L., ... & Silva, I. (2014). Creation and Validation of the Selfesteem/Self-image Female Sexuality (SESIFS) Questionnaire. Clinical medicine insights. Women's health, 7, 37-44. MacIntyre, P. D. (1995). How does anxiety affect second language learning? A reply to Sparks and Ganschow. The Modern Language Journal, 79(1), 90-99. Maggiori, C., Johnston, C. S., Krings, F., Massoudi, K., & Rossier, J. (2013). The role of career adaptability and work conditions on general and professional wellbeing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 437-449. Major, D.A., Turner, J.E. and Fletcher, T.D. (2006), “Linking proactive personality and the Big Five to motivation to learn and development activity”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(4), 927-935. Malaysia Unemployment Rate \| 1998-2016 \| Data \| Chart \| Calendar \| Forecast. (2016). Retrieved October 07, 2016, from http://www.tradingeconomics.com/malaysia/ unemployment-rate Mannarini, S. T. E. F. A. N. I. A. (2010). Assessing the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale dimensionality and items functioning in relation to self-efficacy and attachment styles. TPM Test Psychom Methodol Appl Psychol, 4, 229-42. Masdonati, J.,&Fournier, G. (2015). Life Design, young adults, and the school-towork transition. In L. Nota&J. Rossier (Eds.), Handbook of life design: From practice to theory and, from theory to practice:117–134. Go¨ttingen, Germany: Hogrefe. Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper & Row. Metheny, J., & McWhirter, E. H. (2013). Contributions of social status and family support to college students’ career decision self-efficacy and outcome expectations. Journal of Career Assessment, 21(3), 378-394. Metheny, J., McWhirter, E. H., & O’Neil, M. E. (2008). Measuring perceived teacher support and its influence on adolescent career development. Journal of Career Assessment, 16, 218-237. Miner, J.B. (1992). Industrial/ Organizational Psychology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Ming, L. L., Azhar, N., Hazri, H., & Mulakala, A. (2012). The Youth Factor 2012 Survey of Malaysian Youth Opinion. The Youth Factor 2012 Survey of Malaysian Youth Opinion. Retrieved October 11, 2016, from https://asiafoundation.org/resources/ pdfs/2012NationalYouthSurvey.pdf. Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (2012), The National Graduate Employability Blue Print 2012-2017, Serdang, Malaysia, UPM Press. Mirvis, P. H., & Hall, D. T. (1996). Psychological success and the boundaryless career. In M. B. Arthur, & D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), The boundaryless career: A new employment principle for a new organizational era: 237–255. New York: Oxford University Press. Morrison, E. W. (1993). Longitudinal study of the effects of information seeking on newcomer socialization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 173–183. Murphy, L., & Lambrechts, F. (2015). Investigating the actual career decisions of the next generation: The impact of family business involvement. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 6(1), 33-44. Nel, H., & Neale-Shutte, M. (2013). Examining the evidence: Graduate employability at NMMU. South African Journal of Higher Education, 27(2), 437–453. Neuenschwander, M. P., & Garrett, J. L. (2008). Causes and consequences of unexpected educational transitions in Switzerland. Journal of Social Issues, 64(1), 41-58. New Straits Times Press (2012), “Job Seekers Too Choosy”, New Straits Times Online, Editorial Opinion 1.44099, Feb 9, 2012, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Nota, L., & Soresi, S. (2004). Improving the problem-solving and decision-making skills of a high indecision group of young adolescents: a test of the “Difficult: No Problem!” training. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 4(1), 3–21. Nota, L., Ginevra, M. C., & Soresi, S. (2012). The Career and Work Adaptability Questionnaire (CWAQ): A first contribution to its validation. Journal of adolescence, 35(6), 1557-1569. Nota, L., Ginevra, M., Santilli, S., & Soresi, S. (2014). Contemporary career construction: The role of career adaptability. In M. Coetzee (Ed.), Psychosocial career meta-capacities: 247-264. Switzerland: Springer. O'Connell, D. J., McNeely, E., & Hall, D. T. (2008). Unpacking personal adaptability at work. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14(3), 248-259. Omar, C. M. Z. C., & Rajoo, S. (2016) Unemployment among graduates in Malaysia. 4(8), 367-374. Omar, S., & Noordin, F. (2013). Career Adaptability and Intention to Leave among ICT Professionals: An Exploratory Study. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 12(4), 11-18. Öncel, L., (2014). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Convergent validity of subscale scores. Journal of Vocational Behavior 85, 13–17 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2014). Skills beyond school: Synthesis report. OECD reviews of vocational education and training. Author. doi:10.1787/9789264214682-en. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/edu/skills-beyond-school/ Skills-Beyond-School-Synthesis-Report.pdf Parasuraman, S., Greenhaus, J. H., & Granrose, C. S. (1992). Role stressors, social support, and well-Being among two-Career couples. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 339-356. Parker, S. K., & Sprigg, C. A. (1999). Minimizing strain and maximizing learning: The role of job demands, job control, and proactive personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 925–939. Parker, S. K., Bindl, U., & Strauss, K. (2010). Making things happen: A model of proactive motivation. Journal of Management, 36, 827–856. Patton, W., Bartrum, D. A.,&Creed, P. A. (2004). Gender differences for optimism, self-esteem, expectations and goals in predicting career planning and exploration in adolescents. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 4, 193–209. Phang, S. (2006). Lack of English hinders Malaysian grads. International Herald Tribune, December 6. Retrieved 11 October 2016 from http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/12/06/bloomberg/sxmalay.php Phanny, I. (2014), Guidelines for interpreting correlation coefficient, retrieved 20 November 2016 from http://www.slideshare.net/phannithrupp/ guideline-forinterpreting-correlation-coefficient Phillips, S. D. (1982). Career exploration in adulthood. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 20, 129–140. Potgieter, I. (2012). The development of a career meta-competency model for sustained employability. Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of South Africa, Pretoria. Pouyaud, J., Vignoli, E., Dosnon, O. & Lallemand, N. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale – France form: Psychometric properties and relationships to anxiety and motivation, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 692–697. Pratzner, F. C., & Ashley, W. L. (1984). Occupational adaptability and transferable skills: Preparing today’s adults for tomorrow’s careers. In C. H. Shulman (Ed.), Adults and the changing workplace: 1985 yearbook of the American Vocational Association: 13–22. Arlington, VA: American Vocational Association. Purposive sampling. (n.d.). Retrieved October 23, 2016, from http://researchmethodology.net/sampling- in-primary-data-collection/purposive-sampling/ Queiri, A., Yusoff, W. F. W., & Dwaikat, N. (2015). Explaining Generation-Y Employees' Turnover in Malaysian Context. Asian Social Science, 11(10), 126-130. Ranjit, S. M., & Wahab, A. B. (2008). Your dream job: How to get it and excel. Kuala Lumpur: TQM Consultants Sdn. Bhd. Retrenchment likely to continue in 2016. (2016, January 5). Freemalaysiatoday. Retrieved October 25, 2016, from http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/ 2016/01/05/retrenchmentlikely-to-continue-in-2016/ Rogers, M. E., Creed, P. A., & Glendon, A. I. (2008). The role of personality in adolescent career planning and exploration: A social cognitive perspective. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 132–142. Rohany, H. (2003). A study of the use of English among working professionals (MMSC). A preliminary report. Shah Alam: UiTM. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Rossier, J., Zecca, G., Stauffer, S. D., Maggiori, C., & Dauwalder, J. -P. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale in a French-speaking Swiss sample: Psychometric properties and relationships to personality and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 734–743. Rottinghaus, P. J., Day, S. X., & Borgen, F. H. (2005). The career futures inventory: a measure of career-related adaptability and optimism. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(1), 3–24. Salmela-Aro, K., & Nurmi, J. E. (2007). Self-esteem during university studies predicts career characteristics 10 years later. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70(3), 463-477. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2012) “Research Methods for Business Students” 6th edition, Pearson Education Limited. Savickas, M. L. (1997). Adaptability: An integrative construct for life-span, life-space theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 45, 247–259. Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work: 42–70. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J. P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., et al. (2009). Life designing: a paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 239–250. Savickas, M.L. (2012). Life design: A paradigm for career intervention in the 21st century. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90, 13–19. Savickas, M.L. (2013). Career construction theory and practice. In R.W. Lent & S.D. Brown (Eds.), Career development and counselling: Putting theory and research to work, 2nd ed., 147–183. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Savickas, M.L., & Porfeli, E.J. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale: construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 661–673. Schade, A. (2015). Pilot Testing: Getting It Right (Before) the First Time. National Institute for Health Research. (2012). Schaufeli, W. B., Maslach, C., & Marek, T. (1993). Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research. Philadelphia, US: Taylor & Francis. Schultheiss, D. E. P. (2003). A relational approach to career counseling: Theoretical integration and practical application. Journal of Counseling & Development, 81, 301-310. Schultheiss, D. E. P., Kress, H., Manzi, A., & Glasscock, J. (2001). Relational influences in career development: A qual- itative inquiry. The Counseling Psychologist, 29, 214-239. Schultheiss, D. E. P., Palma, T., Predragovich, K., & Glasscock, J. (2002). Relational influences on career paths: Siblings in context. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 302-310. Seibert, S. E., Crant, J. M., & Kraimer, M. L. (1999). Proactive personality and career success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 416–427. Seibert, S., Kraimer, M., & Liden, R. (2001). A social capital theory of career success. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 219-239. Seibert, S.E., Kraimer, M.L. and Crant, J.M. (2001), “What do proactive people do? A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success”, Personnel Psychology, 54 (4), 845-874. Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (5th ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2011). Research method for business: A skill building approach. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. SEO (2013). Studie & Werk 2013: Hbo’ers en academici van afstudeerjaar 2010/11 op de arbeidsmarkt. ([Study & Work 2013: Higher educated and academics of graduation year 2010/11 at the labor market.]) Amsterdam: SEO economisch onderzoek. Shamir, B. (1986). Self-esteem and the psychological impact of unemployment. Social Psychology Quarterly, 49(1), 61–72. Simon, (2011). Fresh Graduates’ Unrealistic Salary Demands Deter Employers from Hiring. Retrieved October 14, 2016 from http://www.jobstreet.com.my/aboutus/preleases163. htm Singh, G. K. G., & Singh, S. K. G. (2008). Malaysian graduates employability skills. Unitar E-Journal, 4(1), 14-44. Sluss, D. M., Ashforth, B., & Gibson, K. (2012). The search for meaning in (new) work: Task significance and newcomer plasticity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81, 199-208. Solberg, V. S., Howard, K. A., Blustein, D. L., & Close, W. (2002). Development in the schools: Connecting school-to-work-to-life. The Counseling Psychologist, 30(5), 705–725. Soong, P. J. (2015). PSC: Freeze on civil servant recruitment. The star. Retrieved October 26, 2016, from http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/05/ 05/govt-stop-hiring-civilservants/ Spenser, L. M., Spenser, S. M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Steinberg, L., Dornbusch, S. M., & Brown, B. B. (1992). Ethnic differences in adolescent achievement: An ecological perspective. American Psychologist, 47, 723-729. Strauss, K., Griffin, M. A., & Parker, S. K. (2012). Future Work Selves: How Salient Hoped- For Identities Motivate Proactive Career Behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 580-598. Sung, Y., Turner, S. L., & Kaewchinda, M. in press. Career development skills, outcomes, and hope among college students. Journal of Career Development. Super, D. E., Savickas, M. L., & Super, C. M. (1996). The life-span, life-space approach to careers. In. Brown, D., Brooks, L. Career choice and development, 121-178. Tang, C. F. (2009). The linkages among inflation, unemployment and crime rates in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Management, 3(1), 50-61. Teichler, U. (2000). Graduate employment and work in selected European countries. European Journal of Education, 35(2), 141-156. Thompson, J.A. (2005), “Proactive personality and job performance: a social capital perspective”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5),1011-1017. Tian, Y., & Fan, X. (2014). Adversity quotients, environmental variables and career adaptability in student nurses. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 251-257. Tinakon, W., & Nahathai, W. (2012). A comparison of reliability and construct validity between the original and revised versions of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Psychiatry investigation, 9(1), 54-58. Tolentino, L. R., Garcia, P. R. J. M., Restubog, S. L. D., Bordia, P., & Tang, R. L. (2013). Validation of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale and an examination of a model of career adaptation in the Philippine context. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 410-418. Tolentino, L. R., Garcia, P. R. J. M., Lu, V. N., Restubog, S. L. D., Bordia, P., & Plewa, C. (2014). Career adaptation: The relation of adaptability to goal orientation, proactive personality, and career optimism. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(1), 39-48. Tran, T.T. (2013). Limitation on the development of skills in higher education in Vietnam. Higher Education, 65, 631–644. Uy, M.A., Chan, K-Y., Sam, Y.L., Ho, M.R. and Chernyshenko, O.S. (2015), “Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86 (1), 115-123. Van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., De Lange, A. H., Demerouti, E., & Van der Heijde, C. M. (2009). Age effects on the employability-career success relationship. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74, 156–164. Van Vianen, A. E., Klehe, U. C., Koen, J., & Dries, N. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale—Netherlands form: Psychometric properties and relationships to ability, personality, and regulatory focus. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 716-724. Verbruggen, M., & Sels, L. (2008). Can career self-directedness be improved through counseling?. Journal of vocational behavior, 73(2), 318-327. Viswesvaran, C., Sanchez, J. L., & Fisher, J. (1999). The role of social support in the process of work stress: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54(2), 314-334. Wanberg, C. R., Hough, L. M., & Song, Z. (2002). Predictive validity of a multidisciplinary model of reemployment success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(6), 1100–1120. Wang, Z., & Fu, Y. (2015). Social support, social comparison, and career adaptability: A moderated mediation model. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 43(4), 649-659. Wei, S. L. (2011). Unemployment among Graduates: Study of Employers’ Perception on graduates. Proceeding of International Conference on Social Science, Economics and Art 2011, Malaysia. Weisenberg, F., & Aghakhani, A. (2007). An exploration of graduate students' career transition experiences. Canadian Journal of Counselling 41, 107-123. Whiston, Susan C., & Keller, Briana K. (2004). The influences of the family of origin on career development a review and analysis. The Counseling Psychologist, 32(4), 493–568. Whitlock, M., & Schluter, D. (2009). The analysis of biological data. Greenwood Village, Colorado: Roberts and Company Publishers. Winefield, A. H., Tiggemann, M., & Winefield, H. R. (1992). Spare time use and psychological well-being in employed and unemployed young people. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65, 307–313. Zacher, H. (2014). Individual difference predictors of change in career adaptability over time. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84, 188–198. Zacher, H., Ambiel, R. A.M., & Noronha, A. P. P. (2015). Career adaptability and career entrenchment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88,164–173. Zikic, J., & Klehe, U.-C. (2006). Job loss as a blessing in disguise: The role of career exploration and career planning in predicting reemployment quality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69, 391–409. Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin, M. (2013). Business research methods. OH, USA: Cengage Learning. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30-41.

The relationship between self-esteem, pro-active personality and social support on career adaptability among undergraduate students

Similar Items