Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria

The low performance of students in senior secondary schools‘ examinations is a serious concern for stakeholders in the education sector. This made them wonder if lack or inadequate school facilities could be responsible for it. Previous studies have established inconsistent findings on one or two d...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Suleiman, Yusuf
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2017
Subjects:	LB1025-1050.75 Teaching (Principles and practice)
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/1/s96094_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/2/s96094_02.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-uum-etd.6817
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Hanafi, Zahyah ,, Muhajir
topic	LB1025-1050.75 Teaching (Principles and practice)
spellingShingle	LB1025-1050.75 Teaching (Principles and practice) Suleiman, Yusuf Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
description	The low performance of students in senior secondary schools‘ examinations is a serious concern for stakeholders in the education sector. This made them wonder if lack or inadequate school facilities could be responsible for it. Previous studies have established inconsistent findings on one or two dimensions (health and library) of students‘ personnel services may be linked to this low academic achievement. This showed that there was less attention on other aspects of the services. Effective supervision has been identified as an important factor that could influence academic achievement in school. Therefore, there is a need to investigate whether there are other factors in school that may contribute to students‘ low academic performance. As such, this study attempts to examine the impact of principal‘s supervision on the relationship between students‘ personnel services and academic achievement via a mixed methods approach. A quantitative approach, where survey design with 379 respondents (students) were used for the study, while a qualitative approach using an in-depth interview (20 principals) was employed to complement the findings of the quantitative data. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis in the questionnaire data, while the interview data was analyzed thematically. Results indicate that four out of the five direct hypotheses formulated for the study were supported. Specifically, there is a relationship between library, guidance and counselling, extracurricular, health services and academic achievement. On the other hand, only two out of five of principal‘s supervision moderates these relationships. The interview findings reveal that the provision and supervision of these services is an important factor that influences academic achievement. Finally, this study demonstrates that the importance of principal‘s supervision cannot be ignored, as it is an essential factor for achieving students‘ academic success. Thus, this study has contributed to the body of knowledge practically, theoretically, and methodologically.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Ph.D.
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Suleiman, Yusuf
author_facet	Suleiman, Yusuf
author_sort	Suleiman, Yusuf
title	Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
title_short	Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
title_full	Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
title_fullStr	Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed	Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria
title_sort	structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in kwara state, nigeria
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Arts & Sciences
publishDate	2017
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/1/s96094_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/2/s96094_02.pdf
_version_	1747828120014028800
spelling	my-uum-etd.68172021-08-18T07:47:01Z Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria 2017 Suleiman, Yusuf Hanafi, Zahyah ,, Muhajir Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Arts & Sciences Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Arts and Sciences LB1025-1050.75 Teaching (Principles and practice) The low performance of students in senior secondary schools‘ examinations is a serious concern for stakeholders in the education sector. This made them wonder if lack or inadequate school facilities could be responsible for it. Previous studies have established inconsistent findings on one or two dimensions (health and library) of students‘ personnel services may be linked to this low academic achievement. This showed that there was less attention on other aspects of the services. Effective supervision has been identified as an important factor that could influence academic achievement in school. Therefore, there is a need to investigate whether there are other factors in school that may contribute to students‘ low academic performance. As such, this study attempts to examine the impact of principal‘s supervision on the relationship between students‘ personnel services and academic achievement via a mixed methods approach. A quantitative approach, where survey design with 379 respondents (students) were used for the study, while a qualitative approach using an in-depth interview (20 principals) was employed to complement the findings of the quantitative data. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis in the questionnaire data, while the interview data was analyzed thematically. Results indicate that four out of the five direct hypotheses formulated for the study were supported. Specifically, there is a relationship between library, guidance and counselling, extracurricular, health services and academic achievement. On the other hand, only two out of five of principal‘s supervision moderates these relationships. The interview findings reveal that the provision and supervision of these services is an important factor that influences academic achievement. Finally, this study demonstrates that the importance of principal‘s supervision cannot be ignored, as it is an essential factor for achieving students‘ academic success. Thus, this study has contributed to the body of knowledge practically, theoretically, and methodologically. 2017 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/1/s96094_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/6817/2/s96094_02.pdf text eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Adam, M. (1993). Students‘ Perception of Teacher Effectiveness and their Class Work Examination Performance in Secondary Schools in Borno State, Nigeria. Unpublished M. Ed. Dissertation, University of Maiduguri, 128p. Addi-Raccah, A. (2009). Between teachers' empowerment and supervision. Management In Education (Sage Publications, Ltd.), 23(4), 161-167. Doi:10.1177/0892020609344018. Adeleke, A. A. (2005). Use of Library Resources by Academic Staff of the Nigerian Polytechnics. Journal of Library Science, 12(2), 15-24. Adelman, H. S., & Taylor, L. (Eds.). (2006). The implementation guide to student learning supports in the classroom and school wide: New directions for addressing barriers to learning. Corwin Press. Adelugba, O. O. (2003). Students‘ performance in junior secondary school certificate examinations as predictor of performance in senior school certificate examinations in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Unpublished M. Ed Thesis, University of Ado-Ekiti, 68-70. Adenegan, K. E., & Osho, F. T. (2012). Comparison Of The Academic Performances of Students Admitted Through University Matriculation Examination And Direct Entry Modes. Online Submision. Adetoro, N. (2006). A comparative analysis of school library development and use in selected public and private secondary schools in Ijebu and Remo Geopolitical zones of Ogun State. Lagos Journal of Library and Information Science, 3(1), 7-15. Adewale, O. S. (2014). Instructional Improvement of Secondary School Teachers through Effective Academic Supervision by the Vice-Principals. Journal of Education and Human Development, 3(2), 607-617. Adewusi, F. A. (2013). School Libraries as Panaceas for Mass Failure in West African Senior School Certificate Examinations in Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 4(16), 158-163. Adeyegbe, S.O., 2002. How students, examiners perform at WAEC examinations. Vanguard, Thursday, 19th December, pp: 22. Adeyemi, K. (2001). Equality of access and catchment area factor in university admissions in Nigeria. Higher Education, 42(3), 307-332. Adeyemi, T. O. (2008). Predicting students‘ performance in senior secondary certificate examinations from performance in junior secondary certificate examinations in Ondo State, Nigeria. Humanity & Social Sciences Journal,3(1), 26-36. Adeyemi, T. O. (2010a). Credit in Mathematics in Senior Secondary Certificate Examinations as a Predictor of Success in Educational Management in Universities in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria. Research Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 2(1), 14-22. Adeyemi, T. O. (2010b). The school library and students‘ learning outcomes in secondary schools in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Business Management, 2(1), 1-8. Adeyemi, T. O. (2011). A Comparative Study of Students‘ Academic Performance in Public Examinations in Secondary Schools in Ondo and Ekiti States, Nigeria. Current Research Journal of Economic Theory, 3(2), 36-42. Adeyemi, T. O. (2013). Entry Qualifications as Predictors of Performance in Final Year Bachelor of Education Degrees in Universities in Ondo and Ekiti States, Nigeria. American Journal of Economics, 3(1), 43-51. Adeyemi, T.O., 2007. Research methods and theses writing in educational studies. Lagos, New Haven. Adeyemo, S. A. (2010). The relationship between students participation in school based extracurricular activities and their achievement in physics. International Journal of Science and Technology Education Research, 1(6), 111-117. Adiele, E. E., & Abraham, N. (2013). Achievement of Abraham Maslow‘s Needs Hierarchy Theory among Teachers: Implications for Human Resource Management in The Secondary School System in Rivers State. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 2(1), p140. Adnett, N., & Slack, K. (2007). Are there economic incentives for non‐traditional students to enter HE? The labour market as a barrier to widening participation. Higher Education Quarterly, 61(1), 23-36. Adnett, N., McCaig, C., Slack, K., & Bowers‐Brown, T. (2011). Achieving 'Transparency, Consistency and Fairness‘ in English Higher Education Admissions: Progress since Schwartz?. Higher Education Quarterly, 65(1), 12-33. Adnett, N., McCaig, C., Slack, K., & Bowers‐Brown, T. (2011). Achieving 'Transparency, Consistency and Fairness‘ in English Higher Education Admissions: Progress since Schwartz?. Higher Education Quarterly, 65(1), 12-33. Adomi, E. E., Ayo, B. T., & Nakpodia, E. D. (2007). A better response rate for questionnaires: Attitudes of librarians in Nigerian University Libraries. Adu, E. O., Akinloye, G. M., & Olaoye, O. F. (2014). Internal and External School Supervision: Issues, Challenges and Wayforward. Agboola, B., Adeyemi, J. K., & Ogbodo, C. M. (2014) Academic Achievement and Admission Policy as Correlate of Student Retention in Nigerian Federal Universities. Aghedo, I., & Osumah, O. (2012). The Boko Haram Uprising: How Should Nigeria Respond? Third world quarterly, 33(5), 853-869. Aina, J. K., Ogundele, A. G., & Olanipekun, S. S. (2013). Students‘ proficiency in English language relationship with academic performance in science and technical education. American Journal of Educational Research,1(9), 355-358. Ajayi, I. A. (2002). Performance analysis of secondary education system in Nigeria. Journal of Contemporary Issues In Education, 1(1), 95-105. Ajegbomogun, F. O., & Salaam, M. O. (2011). The state of school libraries in Nigeria. PNLA Quarterly: the official Publication of Pacific Northwest Library Association. Akinfe, E., Olofinniyi, O. E., & Fashiku, C. O. (2012). Teachers‘ Quality as Correlates of Students‘ Academic Performance in Biology in Senior Secondary Schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. Online Journal of Education Research, 1(6). Alabi, A. T. (2000). School personnel management. The Craft of educational management. Ilorin: Indemac Print Media, 153-167. Alani, R. A., Okunola, P. O., & Subair, S. O. (2010). Situation Analysis of Students' Welfare Services in Universities in South-Western Nigeria: Implications for Students' Personnel Management Practice. Online Submission, 7(10), 42-50. Al-Ansari, A., Al-Harbi, F., AbdelAziz, W., AbdelSalam, M., El Tantawi, M. M., & ElRefae, I. (2016). Factors affecting student participation in extra-curricular activities: A comparison between two Middle Eastern dental schools. The Saudi Dental Journal, 28(1), 36-43. Albanese, M. A., Snow, M. H., Skochelak, S. E., Huggett, K. N., & Farrell, P. M. (2003). Assessing personal qualities in medical school admissions. Academic Medicine, 78(3), 313-321. Albright, J. (2006). Building teacher capacity in curriculum and pedagogical design in normal technical classrooms. Online Submission. Alemu, Y. (2013). Assessment of the Provisions of Guidance and Counseling Services in Secondary Schools of East Harerge Zone and Hareri Region, Ethiopia. Middle Eastern & African Journal of Educational Research, 2, 28-37. Ali, N., Jusof, K., Ali, S., Mokhtar, N., & Salamat, A. S. A. (2009). The factors influencing students‘performance at universiti teknologi mara, kedah, Malaysia. Management Science and Engineering, 3 (4), P81-90. Allen, G. (2003). The impact of elementary school nurses on student attendance. The Journal of School Nursing, 19 (4), 225-231. Allen-Meares, P. (1996). Social work services in schools: A look at yesteryear and the future. Children & Schools, 18 (4), 202-209. Allen-Meares, P. (2002). The contribution of social workers to schooling. School Social Work Journal, 26 (3), 18-29. Allen-Meares, P. (2006). One hundred years: A historical analysis of social work services in schools. School Social Work Journal, 30 (3), 24-43. Allen-Meares, P., Washington, A.& Wales, O.H. (1996). Association between child maltreatment and bullying perpetration and victimization in school. Educational. Online Submission. Allensworth, D., Lawson, V., Nicholson, O. & Wyche, M. (1997). Collaborative Partnerships to Concomitantly Improve Both Education and Health?. Online Submission. Aluede, O. O. (2000). The realities of guidance and counseling in Nigeria secondary schools: Issues and benefits. Guidance and Counseling, 15(2), 22-26. Aluede, O., & Egbochuku, E. (2007). The Influence of Personal Characteristics on Secondary School Teachers' Beliefs About School Guidance and Counselling Programs. Education-Indianapolis Then Chula Vista-,127(3), 440. Alutu, A. N. G., & Etiobhio, C. (2006). The Need for Classroom Guidance and counselling in the Secondary School Curriculum in Nigeria. Source. Guidance and Counselling, 21(4), p188-195. American Educational Research Association-AERA (2009). AERA Announces Professional Development and Training Courses for 2010 Annual Meeting. Arlington, VA: SRI International. Courses: Start April 29. Journal of Educational Researcher, 38(723). DOI: 10.3102/0013189X09358026. Ampofo-Boateng, K., Thompson, J., Grieve, R., Pitcairn, T., Lee, D., Demetre, J., ... & Gingiss, P. Allensworth, D., Lawson, E, Nicholson, L, Wyche, J, Ed.(1997). Schools and health: our nation's investment. Washington, National Academy Press. Safety Education, 56, 363-365. Anagbogu, M. A., Nwokolo, C. N., Anyamene, A. N., Anyachebelu, F. E., & Umezulike, R. Q. (2013). Professional challenges to counselling practice in primary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria: The way forward. Int J Psychol Couns, 5(5), 97-103. Anderson, J., & Matthews, P. (2010, November). A Malawian school library: culture, literacy and reader development. In Aslib Proceedings (Vol. 62, No. 6, pp. 570-584). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Anyanwu, E. U., Obichere, C., & Ossai-Onah, O. V. (2013). Staff Development Strategies for School Library and Media Centres: A Case Study of Selected Secondary Schools in Owerri Municipal, Imo State, Nigeria. Information Manager (The), 12(1-2), 33-37. Archibong, F. I., Jude, W. I., & Etudor-Eyo, E. (2011). Influence of gender and quota admission system on students 'academic performance in unity schools. International Journal of Academic Research, 3(5). Arinde, M. R. (2010). Educational Services, Teacher quality and students‘ academic performance In public senior secondary schools, North Central Zone, Nigeria (Doctoral dissertation, Department Of Educational Management, Faculty Of Education, University Of Ilorin, Ilorin). Armstrong, C. (2011). Student and Staff Perceptions of School-Based Support Services in Mid-Atlantic Comprehensive High Schools (Doctoral dissertation, Goucher College). Arong, F. E., & Ogbadu, M. A. (2010). Major causes of declining quality of education in Nigeria from administrative perspective: a case study of Dekina local government area. Canadian Social Science, 6(3), 183-198. Arua, U., & Chinaka, G. I. (2011). Use of Library Resources by Staff and Students of Secondary Schools in Umuahia North Local Government Area of Abia State. Library Philosophy and Practice, (1), 83. Aryee, S., Budhwar, P. S., & Chen, Z. X. (2002). Trust as a mediator of the relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes: Test of a social exchange model. Journal of organizational Behavior, 23(3), 267-285. Asaolu, A. G. (2003). Predictive validity of JSC mathematics examination on the performance of students in science subjects in Ekiti State secondary schools. Unpublished M. Ed Thesis. Faculty of Education, University of Ado-Ekiti, 50-76. Asare, K. B. (2011). Community participation in Basic Education in the Kwabre District of the Ashanti Region of Ghana. International Journal of Basic Education, 2(1), 43-52. Asare, K. B., & Nti, S. K. (2014). Teacher Education in Ghana. SAGE Open, 4(2). Astin, A. W. (1984). Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education. Journal of College Student Personnel, 25(4), 297-308. Atulu, W.L. & Etiobhio, I. (2006). Counseling Program at Thika High School for the Blind, Kenya. Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 11(1). Aubrey, R. F. (1977). Historical development of guidance and counseling and implications for the future. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 55(6), 288-295. Avery, P. G., Kouneski, N. P., & Odendahl, T. (2001). Authentic pedagogy seminars: Renewing our commitment to teaching and learning. The Social Studies, 92(3), 97-101. Axinn, W. G., & Pearce, L. D. (2006). Mixed method data collection strategies. Cambridge University Press. Ayeni, A. J. (2011). Teachers‘ professional development and quality assurance In Nigerian secondary schools. World Journal of Education, 1(2), p143. Ayeni, A. J. (2012). Assessment of Principals' Supervisory Roles for Quality Assurance in Secondary Schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. World Journal of Education, 2(1), 62. Ayeni, A. J. (2012). Assessment of Principals' Supervisory Roles for Quality Assurance in Secondary Schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. World Journal of Education, 2(1), 62. Babbie, Earl R. (2009). The Practice of Social Research (12th ed.). Wadsworth. pp. 436–440. ISBN 0-495-59841-0. Bacchetti, P. (2010). Current sample size conventions: flaws, harms, and alternatives. BMC Medicine, 8(1), 17. Bacchetti, P., Deeks, S. G., & McCune, J. M. (2011). Breaking free of sample size dogma to perform innovative translational research. Science Translational Medicine, 3(87), 24-87. Bacon, D. R., Sauer, P. L., & Young, M. (1995). Composite reliability in structural equations modeling. Educational and Psychological Measurement,55(3), 394-406. Baffour-Awuah, P. (2011). Supervision of instruction in public primary schools in Ghana: Teacher's and head teacher’s perspectives (Doctoral dissertation, Murdoch University). Baffour-Awuah, P. (2011). Supervision of instruction in public primary schools in Ghana: Teacher's and headteacher's perspectives (Doctoral dissertation, Murdoch University). Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 74-94. doi:10.1007/bf02723327. Baker-Tate, I. M. (2010). Organizational Commitment Patterns in Higher Education: A Study of Selected Midlevel Student Services Professionals. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway, PO Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Bandele, S. O. (2001). Computer science education for tertiary instructions. Ado- Ekiti: Niyi Commercial and Printing Ventures. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173. Barr, M. J. (1993). The Handbook of Student Affairs Administration. The Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series. Jossey-Bass Publishers, 350 Sansome Street, San Francisco, CA 94104 (ISBN-1-55542-506-2, hardcover). Bartlett, J. E., Kotrlik JW, & Higgins CC. (2001) Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research. Inform Tech Learn Perform J, 19(1), 43-50. Basch, C. E. (2011). Healthier students are better learners: a missing link in school reforms to close the achievement gap. Journal of School Health, 81(10), 593-598. Bauserman, A. D. (2009). Special education service delivery and instructional models used in Indiana for secondary students with emotional disabilities: Perceptions from the field (Doctoral dissertation, Ball State University). Bell, E., & Bryman, A. (2007). The ethics of management research: an exploratory content analysis. British Journal of Management, 18(1), 63-77. Bell, E., & Bryman, A. (2007). The ethics of management research: an exploratory content analysis. British Journal of Management, 18(1), 63-77. Beyer, B., & Johnson, E. S. (2014). Special Programs and Services in Schools: Creating Options, Meeting Needs, Revised. DEStech Publications, Inc. Beynnon, B. D., Meriam, C. M., Ryder, S. H., Fleming, B. C., & Johnson, R. J. (1998). The effect of screw insertion torque on tendons fixed with spiked washers. The American journal of sports medicine, 26(4), 536-539. Bharadwaj, P., Løken, K. V., & Neilson, C. (2013). Early life health interventions and academic achievement. The American Economic Review, 103(5), 1862-1891. Biederman, J., Monuteaux, M. C., Spencer, T., Wilens, T. E., & Faraone, S. V. (2009). Do stimulants protect against psychiatric disorders in youth with ADHD? A 10-year follow-up study. Paediatrics, 124(1), 71-78. Bijttebier, P., Delva, D., Vanoost, S., Bobbaers, H., Lauwers, P., & Vertommen, H. (2000). Reliability and Validity of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory in a Dutch-speaking Belgian sample. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 29, 278-286. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhl.2000.107918. Bishop, R., Berryman, M., Wearmouth, J., Peter, M., & Clapham, S. (2012). Professional development, changes in teacher practice and improvements in Indigenous students‘ educational performance: A case study from New Zealand. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(5), 694-705. Blakely, C. D. (2009). Effectiveness of school counselor supervision: Trainees utilizing the ASCA model. ProQuest. Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyber loafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067-1084. Blismas, N. G., & Dainty, A. R. (2003). Computer-aided qualitative data analysis: panacea or paradox?. Building research & information, 31(6), 455-463. Bolt, S. E., Decker, D. M., Lloyd, M., & Morlock, L. (2011). Students‘ perceptions of accommodations in high school and college. Career Development for Exceptional Individuals, 0885728811415098. Booth, S., & Saunders, C. (2014). Operationalizing academic performance: implementing teaching performance expectations. Association for Tertiary Education Management and Tertiary Education Facilities Managers‘ Association, 7. Online Submission. Borden, A. M. (2011). Relationships between Paraguayan principals‘ characteristics, teachers‘ perceptions of instructional leadership and school outcomes. International Journal of Leadership In Education, 14(2), 203-227. Bormann, J. E. (2015). A Study Of Principals‘self-Perception Of Leadership Style And Peer Ranking On New Jersey School Performance Reports In Public Elementary Schools In New Jersey. Online Submission. Bouchamma, Y., & Michaud, C. (2014). Professional development of supervisors through professional learning communities. International Journal Of Leadership In Education, 17(1), 62-82. doi:10.1080/13603124.2013.778332. Boyce, C., & Neale, P. (2006). Conducting in-depth interviews: A guide for designing and conducting in-depth interviews for evaluation input (pp. 3-7). Watertown, MA: Pathfinder International. Bozkus, M. (2013). Sport experience, motivation orientations and academic success. IJAR. Part B, 5(5). Braddock, B. (2001). Guidance and counseling services and Students‟ school life. African Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 1(1), 007-015. Bradley, C., Nowlan, G., Vajcner, M., Cushon, K., & Cripps, D. (2012). @ Archer September 2012 Vol. 2, No. 1. Bradley, L. J., & Ladany, N. (2001). Counselor supervision: Principles, process, and practice. Taylor & Francis. Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., Cocking, & R. R., (Eds.). (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. Washington DC: National Academy Press. Brigman, G., & Campbell, C. (2003). Helping students improve academic achievement and school success behavior. Professional School Counseling, 91-98. Brown, D., & Trusty, J. (2005). School counselors, comprehensive school counseling programs, and academic achievement: Are school counselors promising more than they can deliver?. Professional School Counseling, 9(1), 1-8. Brown, G. R., Wise, T. N., Costa Jr, P. T., Herbst, J. H., Fagan, P. J., & Schmidt Jr, C. W. (1996). Personality characteristics and sexual functioning of 188 crossdressing men. The Journal of Nervous And Mental Disease, 184(5), 265-273. Buchanan, J., & Jones, M. L. (2010). The efficacy of utilizing Nvivo for interview data from the electronic gaming industry in two jurisdictions. Online Submision. Buchner, A., Merrell, P. W., & Carpenter, W. M. (2006). Relative frequency of central odontogenic tumors: a study of 1,088 cases from Northern California and comparison to studies from other parts of the world. Journal of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, 64(9), 1343-1352. Burke, K. A. (2009). The principal's role in supporting teacher leadership and building capacity: teacher and administrator perspectives. Online Submission. Burton, P. R., Hansell, A. L., Fortier, I., Manolio, T. A., Khoury, M. J., Little, J., & Elliott, P. (2009). Size matters: just how big is BIG? Quantifying realistic sample size requirements for human genome epidemiology. International Journal of Epidemiology, 38(1), 263-273. Butz, R. L. (2011). The relationship between teacher perceptions of principal leadership style and student achievement during a time of leadership change. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, 72, 509. Cahoy, E. S. (2002). Will Your Students Be Ready for College? Connecting K-12 and College Standards for Information Literacy. Knowledge Quest, 30(4), 12-15. Caine, R. N., Caine, G., McClintic, C., & Klimek, K. (2005). 12 Brain/mind learning principles in action. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Campbell, P. F., Nishio, M., Smith, T. M., Clark, L. M., Conant, D. L., Rust, A. H., & ... Youyoung, C. (2014). The Relationship between Teachers' Mathematical Content and Pedagogical Knowledge, Teachers' Perceptions, and Student Achievement. Journal for Research In Mathematics Education, 45(4), 419-459. Canadian School Trustees' Association. (2012). Position paper on school guidance services. Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy/Revue canadienne de counseling et de psychothérapie, 15(3). Carney, C., McNeish, S., & McColl, J. (2005). The impact of part time employment on students' health and academic performance: a Scottish perspective. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 29(4), 307-319. Castrechini, S. (2011). Service synergy: Examining the cumulative effects of community school services. In American Educational Research Association Annual Conference, April (pp. 8-11). Ch, A. H. (2006). Effect of guidance services on study attitudes, study habits and academic achievement of secondary school students. Bulletin of Education & Research, 28(1), 35-45. Chatterjee, S., & Yilmaz, M. (1992). A Review of regression diagnostics for behavioral research. Applied Psychological Measurement, 16, 209-227. doi:10.1177/014662169201600301. Chen, L. J., Fox, K. R., Ku, P. W., & Taun, C. Y. (2013). Fitness change and subsequent academic performance in adolescents. Journal of School Health, 83(9), 631-638. Chen, L. J., Fox, K. R., Ku, P. W., & Wang, C. H. (2012). A longitudinal study of childhood obesity, weight status change, and subsequent academic performance in Taiwanese children. Journal of School Health, 82(9), 424-431. Chen, Y. (2008). Principals' distributed leadership behaviors and their impact on student achievement in selected elementary schools in Texas. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, 68, 3675. Chernick, M. R. (2008). Bootstrap methods. A guide for practitioners and researchers (2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chin, W. (2010). How to write up and port PLS analyses. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 655-690): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research (pp. 295-336). Mahwah, New Jersey: Laurence Erlbaum Associates Chin, W. W., Marcolin, B. L., & Newsted, P. R. (2003). A partial least squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction effects: Results from a Monte Carlo Simulation study and an electronic-mail emotion/adoption study. Information Systems Research, 14, 189-217. doi: 10.1287/isre.14.2.189.16018 Chipunza, E. H. (2001). School Library Development in Africa: The Regional Conference on the Strategies for School Library Development in the ECSA Region, Harare, Zimbabwe, 28-30 November 2000. IFLA Journal, 27(5-6), 330-338. Chireshe R, Chireshe E 2009. Sexual harassment of female students in three selected high schools in urban Masvingo, Zimbabwe. Agenda, 80: 88-96. Chireshe, R. (2008). The evaluation of school guidance and counselling services in Zimbabwe. The Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 13(2), 54–68. Chireshe, R. (2012). School guidance and counselling needs assessment in Zimbabwean secondary schools. Anthropologist, 14(1), 17-24. Chmura Kraemer, H., Kiernan, M., Essex, M., & Kupfer, D. J. (2008). How and why criteria defining moderators and mediators differ between the Baron & Kenny and MacArthur approaches. Health Psychology, 27(2S), S101. Chowa, G. A., Masa, R. D., Wretman, C. J., & Ansong, D. (2013). The impact of household possessions on youth's academic achievement in the Ghana Youth save experiment: A propensity score analysis. Economics of Education Review, 33, 69-81. Christy, K. R., & Fox, J. (2014). Leaderboards in a virtual classroom: A test of stereotype threat and social comparison explanations for women's math performance. Computers & Education, 78, 66-77. Clark, T., Berger, U., & Mansmann, U. (2013). Sample size determinations in original research protocols for randomised clinical trials submitted to UK research ethics committees: review. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 346. Clinedinst, M. E., & Hawkins, D. A. (2011). State of college admission. Washington, DC: National Association for College Admission Counseling. Coffin, D. E. (2008). Teacher perceptions of the changing role of the secondary middle school principal. ProQuest. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current directions in psychological science, 1(3), 98-101. Collins, J. C. (2014). Evaluation of teacher training and student achievement in the reading first program. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, 74, Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1987). Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), 637-647. Connell, J. P., & Kubisch, A. C. (1995). Applying a theory of change approach to the evaluation of comprehensive community initiatives: Progress, prospects, and problems. In K. Fulbright- Anderson, A. C. Kubisch, and J. P. Connell (Eds.), New Approaches to Evaluating Community Initiatives: Theory, Measurement, and Analysis (Vol. 2), pp. 15-44. Washington, DC: Aspen Institute. Constable, R. T., McDonald, S., & Flynn, J. P. (Eds.). (2002). School social work: Practice, policy, and research perspectives. Lyceum Books, Incorporated. Conway, J., & Lance, C. (2010). What reviewers should expect from authors regarding common method bias in organizational research. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25, 325-334. doi: 10.1007/s10869-010-9181-6. Cook, K. S., & Whitmeyer, J. M. (1992). Two approaches to social structure: Exchange theory and network analysis. Annual review of Sociology, 109-127. Coolahan, J. (2002). Teacher education and the teaching career in an era of lifelong learning. Online Submission. Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2009). Business research methods (10th Ed.). Online Submission. Cooper, P. (2005). Life Before Tests: A district's coordinated health approach for addressing children's full range of needs. School Administrator, 62 (9), 25. Copland, M. A. (2003). Leadership of inquiry: Building and sustaining capacity for school improvement. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 25(4), 375-395. Cossairt, A., Hall, R. V., & Hopkins, B. L. (1973). The effects of experimenter's instructions, feedback, and praise on teacher praise and student attending behavior1. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 6(1), 89-100. Courtner-Smith, Sofo, Chouinard and Wallace (2007) Extracurricular activities: Beneficial extension of the traditional curriculum or subversion of academic goals?. Journal of educational psychology, 84(4), 553. Creamer, D. G. (Ed.). (1980). Student development in higher education: Theories, practices, and future directions (No. 27). American College Personnel Association. Creswell, J. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications, Incorporated. Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage Publication. Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Curtner-Smith, M., Sofo, S., Chouinard, J., & Wallace, S. (2007). Health-promoting physical activity and extra-curricular sport. European Physical Education Review, 13(2), 131-144. Dabone, K. T., Graham, Y. A., & Fabea, I. B. (2015). Impact of Guidance and Counseling on Academic Performance. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(8), 225-227. Dairo, M. D., & Owoyokun, K. E. (2010). Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care services in Ibadan, Nigeria. Benin Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 12(1). Dash, S., Magidin de Kramer, R., O‘Dwyer, L. M., Masters, J., & Russell, M. (2012). Impact of Online Professional Development or Teacher Quality and Student Achievement in Fifth Grade Mathematics. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 45(1), 1-26. David, B. E., & Nanjwan, J. D. (2014). Teacher Education and Global Standard for Effective Teaching learning Process in Public Secondary Schools in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 10(7). Dawson, S. M., & Richter, E. (2002). Abundance and seasonal residence of sperm whales at Kaikoura, New Zealand. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73(4), 723-731. De Jager, K. (1997). Library use and academic achievement. South African Journal of Library and Information Science, 65, 26-30. De Klerk, E. P. J. (2013). Comprehensive school-health services in selected secondary schools in the North West province (Doctoral dissertation, North-West University). De Lisle, J. (2011). The benefits and challenges of mixing methods and methodologies: Lessons learnt from implementing qualitatively led mixed methods research designs in Trinidad and Tobago. uwispace.sta.uwi.edu. Caribbean Curriculum: Vol. 18, 2011, 87–120. Decker, M.D.,Lloyd, L., & Morlock, M. (2011). Examining the Student-Teacher Relationship Scale in the Italian context: A factorial validity study. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 11(3), 649-664. Delaney, J.G. (2002). Educational Policy Studies: A Practical Approach. Calgary, Alberta: Detselig Enterprises Ltd. Dent, V. F. (2006). Observations of school library impact at two rural Ugandan schools. New library world, 107(9/10), 403-421. Dent, V. F. (2007). Local economic development in Uganda and the connection to rural community libraries and literacy. New Library World, 108(5/6), 203-217. Dent, V. F. (2012). An Exploratory Study of the Impact of the Rural Ugandan Village Library and Other Factors on the Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students. Long Island University, Cw Post Center. Dent, V., & Yannotta, L. (2005). A rural community library in Africa: A study of its use and users. Libri, 55(1), 39-55. Desimone, L., Smith, T., & Phillips, K. (2013). Linking student achievement growth to professional development participation and changes in instruction: A longitudinal study of elementary students and teachers in Title I schools. Teachers College Record, 115(5), 1-46. Diugwu, I. A., Egila, A. E., & Mohammed, M. (2014). Contextualizing Project Human Resources Management within Nigeria‘s Public University System: a case study of Federal University of Technology, Minna. Donnelly, J. E., & Lambourne, K. (2011). Classroom-based physical activity, cognition, and academic achievement. Preventive Medicine, 52, S36-S42. Donnelly, J. E., Greene, J. L., Gibson, C. A., Sullivan, D. K., Hansen, D. M., Hillman, C. H & Washburn, R. A. (2013). Physical activity and academic achievement across the curriculum (A+ PAAC): rationale and design of a 3-year, cluster-randomized trial. BMC public health, 13(1), 307. Duarte, P., & Raposo, M. (2010). A PLS model to study brand preference: An application to the mobile phone market. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Dubin, R. (1968). Human relations in administration (pp. 297-299). Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Dupper, D. R. (2003). School social work: Skills & interventions for effective. John Wiley & Sons. Dwyer, S. C., & McNaughton, K. (2004). Perceived Needs of Educational Administrators for Student Services Offices in a Chinese Context School Counseling Programs Addressing the Needs of Children and Teachers. School Psychology International, 25(3), 373-382. Ebirim, U., Ochai, G. O., & Obasi, S. N. (2014). Management of Student Personnel Services in Nigerian Universities through the Application of Information and Communication Technology. Online Submission. Edem, D.A. (2006). Introduction to educational administration in Nigeria. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited. Edgerson, D. E., Kritsonis, W. A., & Herrington, D. (2006). The Critical Role of the Teacher-Principal Relationship in the Improvement of Student Achievement in Public Schools of the United States. Online Submission, 3. Edmondson, J. H., & White, J. (1998). A tutorial and counseling program: Helping Education, DOI: 10.1080/1359866X.2014.92826. Egbo, B. (2005). Transformative Learning in a Changing World: Guidelines and Strategies for Practice. Sixth International Conference on Transformative Learning. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. Oct 6-8, 2005. Egbo, B. (2009). Teaching for Diversity in Canadian Schools. Toronto: Pearson Education. Egbo, B. (2010). Nigeria‘s Problems Have to Do with the Decline of it Education. An Interview: Punch Newspapers Nigeria Ltd, Sunday, September 5. Egbo, B. (2011). Teacher capacity building and effective teaching and learning: a seamless connection. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2(5), 1-7. Eigenbrood, R. (2005). A survey comparing special education services for students with disabilities in rural faith-based and public school settings. Remedial and Special Education, 26(1), 16-24. Eisenberger, R., Fasolo, P., & Davis-LaMastro, V. (1990). Perceived organizational support and employee diligence, commitment, and innovation. Journal of applied psychology, 75(1), 51. Ekeke, J. T. H. (2014). Students‘involvement In Extra-Curricular Activities And Their Academic Performance At The Tertiary Level. Atbu Journal of Science, Technology and Education, 1(2), 73-80. Ekundayo, H. T. (2010). Administering secondary schools in Nigeria for quality output in the 21st century: the Principals Challenge. European Journal of Educational Studies, 2(3), 187-192. El Ansari, W., & Stock, C. (2010). Is the health and wellbeing of university students associated with their academic performance? Cross sectional findings from the United Kingdom. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 7(2), 509-527. Elliott, A. C., & Woodward, W. A. (2007). Statistical analysis: Quick reference guidebook with SPSS examples. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Eng, J. (2003). Sample Size Estimation: How Many Individuals Should Be Studied? 1. Radiology, 227(2), 309-313. Engelke, M. K., Guttu, M., Warren, M. B., & Swanson, M. (2008). School nurse case management for children with chronic illness: Health, academic, and quality of life outcomes. The Journal of School Nursing, 24(4), 205-214. Erskine, R. (1982). Supervision of Psychotherapy- Models for Professional Development. Transactional Analysis Journal, 12(4):314-321. Eteke, M. K. (2014). Co-Curricular Activities and Achievement. Online submission Eyal, O., & Roth, G. (2011). Principals' leadership and teachers' motivation: Selfdetermination theory analysis. Journal of Educational Administration, 49(3), 256-275. Fadipe, J. O. (2003). Quality control in education: the teacher factor. Skills improvement programme for effective performance of teachers in Nigerian schools. A publication of National Institute for Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA), Ondo, 128-143. Fagan, P. J., Wise, T. N., Schmidt Jr, C. W., Ponticas, Y., Marshall, R. D., & Costa Jr, P. T. (1991). A comparison of five-factor personality dimensions in males with sexual dysfunction and males with paraphilia. Journal of Personality Assessment, 57(3), 434-448. Falender, C. A., & Shafranske, E. P. (2004). Clinical supervision. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modeling. University of Akron Press. Fan, A. P., Tsai, T. C., Su, T. P., Kosik, R. O., Morisky, D. E., Chen, C. H., & Lee, C. H. (2010). A longitudinal study of the impact of interviews on medical school admissions in Taiwan. Evaluation & the health professions, 33(2), 140-163. Fareo, D. O. (2013). Professional development of teachers in Africa: A case study of Nigeria. In The African Symposium (pp. 63-68). Farmer, L. S. (2006). Library media program implementation and student achievement. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 38(1), 21-32. Farmer, L. S. (2009). School library media specialist collaboration with special education personnel in support of student learning. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 4(2), 37-55. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191. Fazey, I., 2010. Resilience and higher order thinking. Ecology and Society 15(3), 9-15. Federal Ministry of Education, (2006). National School Health Policy. Nigeria. Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). 4th Ed. National Policy on Education. Lagos, Nigeria. Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics using SPSS (3rd ed.). London: Sage Publications. Finger, G., Romeo, G., Lloyd, M., Heck, D., Sweeney, T., Albion, P., & Jamieson-Proctor, R. (2015). Developing Graduate TPACK Capabilities in Initial Teacher Education Programs: Insights from the Teaching Teachers for the Future Project. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 1-9. Fiscella, K., & Kitzman, H. (2009). Disparities in academic achievement and health: The intersection of child education and health policy. Pediatrics, 123(3), 1073-1080. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research 18, 39-50. Fosgate, G. T. (2007). A cluster-adjusted sample size algorithm for proportions was developed using a beta-binomial model. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 60(3), 250-255. Fosgate, G. T. (2009). Practical sample size calculations for surveillance and diagnostic investigations. Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation, 21(1), 3-14. Fox, C. L., & Butler, I. (2009). Evaluating the effectiveness of a school-based counselling service in the UK. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 37(2), 95-106. Fox, C. L., & Butler, I. (2009). Evaluating the effectiveness of a school-based counselling service in the UK. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 37(2), 95-106. Francis, B. H., Lance, K. C., & Lietzau, Z. (2010). School Librarians Continue to Help Students Achieve Standards:" The Third Colorado Study (2010)." A Closer Look. Online Submission. Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115. Fresko, B., & Nasser-Abu Alhija, F. (2015). Induction seminars as professional learning communities for beginning teachers. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 43(1), 36-48. Fujita, K. (2006). The effects of extracurricular activities on the academic performance of junior high students. Undergraduate Research Journal for the Human Sciences, 5(1). Fullan, M. (2007). The new meaning of educational change. Routledge. Fuller, B. E., Rieckmann, T., Nunes, E. V., Miller, M., Arfken, C., Edmundson, E., & McCarty, D. (2007). Organizational readiness for change and opinions toward treatment innovations. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 33(2), 183-192. Fuller, E., Young, M., & Baker, B. D. (2011). Do Principal Preparation Programs Influence Student Achievement Through the Building of Teacher-Team Qualifications by the Principal? An Exploratory Analysis. Educational Administration Quarterly, 47(1), 173-216. doi:10.1177/0011000010378613. Gallant, D. J., & Zhao, J. (2011). High School Students‘ Perceptions of School Counseling Services Awareness, Use, and Satisfaction. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 2(1), 87-100. Gama, U.G. (2008). "Reference and Information Service Delivery and the Utilization of ICTs in University Libraries in Nigeria‖, Ibadan: Book Wright Nigeria Publishers, Pp.3, 7-8. Gay, S. L. (2004). Simple texture-based liberation modelling of ores.Minerals engineering, 17(11), 1209-1216. Geierstanger, S. P., & Amaral, G. (2005). School-Based Health Centers and Academic Performance: What Is the Intersection? April 2004 Meeting Proceedings. White Paper. National Assembly on School-Based Health Care. Geierstanger, S. P., Amaral, G., Mansour, M., & Walters, S. R. (2004). School‐Based Health Centers and Academic Performance: Research, Challenges, and Recommendations. Journal of School Health, 74(9), 347-352. Geisser, S. (1974). A predictive approach to the random effect model. Biometrika, 61, 101-107. doi: 10.1093/biomet/61.1.101 Stone, M. (1974). Crossvalidatory choice and assessment of statistical predictions. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological), 36, 111-147. doi: 10.2307/2984809. Gelfman, H., & Scwab, W. (2000). Program Update: Essential School Health Services. Online Submision. Germain, C. B. (1999). An ecological perspective on social work in schools. Online Submission. Gill, P., Stewart, K., Treasure, E., & Chadwick, B. (2008). Methods of data collection in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. British dental journal, 204(6), 291-295. Giwa, S. A. (2012). Perceptions of Middle School Teachers on the Quality of Professional Development. Online Submission. Glanz, J., Shulman, V., & Sullivan, S. (2007). Impact of Instructional Supervision on Student Achievement: Can We Make the Connection?. Online Submission. Glaser, R., Chudowsky, N., & Pellegrino, J. W. (Eds.). (2001). Knowing What Students Know: The Science and Design of Educational Assessment. National Academies Press. Gogtay, N. J. (2010). Principles of sample size calculation. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 58(6), 517. Goldman, P., & Chang, D. (1992). The Consequences of Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity among Junior High School Administrators in Taiwan. Online Submission. Goodall, D., & Pattern, D. (2011). Academic library non/low use and undergraduate student achievement: a preliminary report of research in progress. Library Management, 32(3), 159-170. Goodman, K. M., & Young, S. (2006). Relationship between library services and students‘ academic achievement: Online Submission. Gotz, O., Liehr-Gobbers, K., & Krafft, M. (2010). Evaluation of Structural Equation Models using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) Approach. In V. E. Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of Partial Least Squares: Concepts, Methods and Applications (pp. 691-711). Heidelberg: Springer. Gravetter, Frederick J.; Forzano, Lori-Ann B. (2012). Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-111-34225-8. Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research. Handbook of qualitative research, 2, 163-194. Guskey, T. R. (2002). Professional development and teacher change. Teachers and Teaching: theory and practice, 8(3), 381-391. Guttu, M., Engelke, M. K., & Swanson, M. (2004). Does the School Nurse‐to‐Student Ratio Make a Difference?. Journal of School Health, 74(1), 6-9. Gwang, J. M. (2011). The provision of information services to Nigerians: Meeting the challenges of 21st century. Library Philosophy and Practice, (1), 46. Gysper, M. (2001). Counseling and related educational programs: Online Submission. Hackmann, D. G. (2009). Book review of Principals improving instruction: Supervision, evaluation, and professional development. Educational Administration Quarterly, 45(4), 643-650. doi:10.1177/0013161X09333751. Hair Jr, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2010). SEM: An introduction. Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective, 629-686. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2009). Análise multivariada de dados. Bookman Editora. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a Silver Bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 18, 139-152. Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40, 414-433. Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 40(3), 414-433. Hair, J. R., & Money, A. S. P., & Page, M.(2007). Research methods for business. Routledge. Hair, Joe F., Marko Sarstedt, Christian M. Ringle, and Jeannette A. Mena (2012)"An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research." Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 40, no. 3, 414-433. Hanus, M. D., & Fox, J. (2015). Assessing the effects of gamification in the classroom: A longitudinal study on intrinsic motivation, social comparison, satisfaction, effort, and academic performance. Computers & Education, 80, 152-161. Hardin, B. J., Mereoiu, M., Hung, H. F., & Roach-Scott, M. (2009). Investigating parent and professional perspectives concerning special education services for preschool Latino children. Early Childhood Education Journal, 37(2), 93-102. Harman, H. H. (1967). Modern factor analysis.Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Harris, C. (2008). A prescription for transforming libraries. Library Journal, 54(10). Harris, T. B. (2009). Job-Embedded Staff Development and Its Impact on Teacher Instruction and Student Performance. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway, PO Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003). Clinical supervision in the helping professions: A practical guide. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. Heath, F. (2011). Library assessment: The way we have grown. The Library, 81(1). Helm, S., Eggert, A., & Garnefeld, I. (2010). Modeling the impact of corporate reputation on customer satisfaction and loyalty using partial least squares. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 515-534): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Helm, S., Eggert, A., & Garnefeld, I. (2010). Modeling the impact of corporate reputation on customer satisfaction and loyalty using partial least squares. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 515-534). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Henseler & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 449-485): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Henseler, J., & Chin, W. W. (2010a). A Comparison of Approaches for the Analysis of Interaction Effects Between Latent Variables Using Partial Least Squares Path Modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 17(1), 82-109. doi: 10.1080/10705510903439003. Henseler, J., & Fassott, G. (2010a). Testing Moderating Effects in PLS Path Models: An Illustration of Available Procedures. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of Partial Least Squares: Concepts, Methods and Applications (pp. 713-735). Berlin et al.: Springer. Henseler, J., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Goodness-of-fit indices for partial least squares path modeling. Computational Statistics, 28(2), 565-580. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least Squares path modeling in international marketing. In R. R. Sinkovics & P. N. Ghauri (Eds.), Advances in International Marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277-320). Bingley: Emerald Henseler. Henseler, J., Wilson, B., Götz, O., & Hautvast, C. (2007). Investigating the moderating role of fit on sports sponsorship and brand equity. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, 8, 321-329. Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (1988). Management of organizational behavior. Online Submission. Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (1998). Administración del comportamiento organizacional: liderazgo situacional. México: Prentice Hall. Hersey, P., Blanchard, K., & Johnson, D. (1979). Management of organization behavior. England Cliffs, NJ: Prenrice-hall P, 318, 1998. Hindt, L. A. (2013). The effects of principal leadership on teacher morale and student achievement. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, 73, Hoare, A., & Johnston, R. (2011). Widening participation through admissions policy–a British case study of school and university performance. Studies in Higher Education, 36(1), 21-41. Hochwarter, W. A., & Thompson, K. W. (2012). Mirror, mirror on my boss‘s wall: Engaged enactment‘s moderating role on the relationship between perceived narcissistic supervision and work outcomes. Human Relations, 65(3), 335-366. doi:10.1177/0018726711430003. Hoefer, P., & Gould, J. (2000). Assessment of admission criteria for predicting students' academic performance in graduate business programs. Journal of Education for Business, 75(4), 225-229. Holcomb-McCoy, C. (Ed.). (2007). School counseling to close the achievement gap: A social justice framework for success. Corwin Press. Holmström, C., & Taylor, I. (2008). Researching admissions: what can we learn about selection of applicants from findings about students in difficulty on a social work programme?. Social Work Education, 27(8), 819-836. Hoque, K. E., Alam, G. M., & Abdullah, A. G. K. (2011). Impact of teachers‘ professional development on school improvement—an analysis at Bangladesh standpoint. Asia Pacific Education Review, 12(3), 337-348. Hossain, S., & Faisal, R. A. (2013). Guidance and Counseling Services in Schools of Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study. Online Submission. Hsieh, Y. C., & Hu, B. (2006). Assessment of admission criteria: Predicting hotel management students' academic performance. Journal of teaching in travel & tourism, 5(4), 1-14. Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: a review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20, 195-204. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199902)20: 2<195::aidsmj13>3.0.co;2-7. Hunsaker, S. L., Nielsen, A., & Bartlett, B. (2010). Correlates of teacher practices influencing student outcomes in reading instruction for advanced readers. Gifted Child Quarterly, 54(4), 273-282. Hunt, H. D. (2005). The Effect Of Extracurricular Activities In The Educational Process: Influence On Academic Outcomes. Sociological Spectrum, 25(4), 417-445. Doi: 10.1080/027321790947171. Hurd, S. (2008). Does school‐based initial teacher training affect secondary school performance?. British Educational Research Journal, 34(1), 19-36. Huston, A. C., Duncan, G. J., Granger, R., Bos, J., McLoyd, V., Mistry, R., & Ventura, A. (2001). Work-based antipoverty programs for parents can enhance the school performance and social behavior of children. Child Development, 318-336. Ibrahim, F. R., Aloka, P. J., Wambiya, P., & Raburu, P. (2014). Perceptions on the Role of Guidance and Counselling Programme on Kenyan Secondary School Students‘ Career Decision Making. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 4(6), 313. Idris, H., Oji, S. E., & Abana, E. F. (2012, January). Assessment of Reference Service Provision of Three Academic Libraries in Nigeria with Particular Reference to Ramat Library University of Maiduguri, Ramat Polytechnic Library Maiduguri, and Ibrahim Musa Library. Information and Knowledge Management (Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 1-6). Igbo, J. N., Eze, J. U., Eskay, M., Onu, V. C., & Omeje, J. (2012). Influence of Retraining Programme on Self-Esteem of Primary School Teachers in Ebonyi State of Nigeria. Online Submission. Ijaiya, N. Y. (2000). Failing schools‘ and national development: Time for reappraisal of school effectiveness in Nigeria. Niger. J. Educ. Res. Eval.(2), 2, 42. Ike, A.M (2011). Myths and realities of falling standard of education in Nigeria: The way forward. Niger. J. Prof. Teach. 2:36-48. Ilgan, A., Parylo, O., & Sungu, H. (2015). Predicting teacher job satisfaction based on principals' instructional supervision behaviours: a study of Turkish teachers. Irish Educational Studies, 34(1), 69-88. International Council of Nurses. (2007). Atlas: nurses in mental health 2007. World Health Organization (Ed.). World Health Organization. International Federation of Library Association (2009) The School Library in Teaching and Learning for All Retrieved on January,2013 from: http://archive.ifla.org.

Structural equation modelling of relationships of personnel services and perceived principal supervision with academic achievement in secondary schools in Kwara State, Nigeria

Similar Items