Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria

The existence of internal threat, political instability and arms importation has led to the rise in defence expenditure in Nigeria. Whether defence expenditure, with or without threat has a benign or malign impact on the economic growth, is a matter that needs rigorous academic investigation. The ob...

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主要作者:	Umar, Muhammed Aminu
格式:	Thesis
語言:	eng eng
出版:	2016
主題:	HC Economic History and Conditions
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id	my-uum-etd.7096
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Abu Bakar, Abu Sufian
topic	HC Economic History and Conditions
spellingShingle	HC Economic History and Conditions Umar, Muhammed Aminu Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
description	The existence of internal threat, political instability and arms importation has led to the rise in defence expenditure in Nigeria. Whether defence expenditure, with or without threat has a benign or malign impact on the economic growth, is a matter that needs rigorous academic investigation. The objective of this study include examining the impacts of defence expenditure on economic growth in the presence of threats, political instability and arms importation in Nigeria. It also examines the impacts of defence research and development, defence components on the Nigeria`s economic growth. In addition it examines the asymmetric causal relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth in Nigeria. Using the robust Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model, and asymmetric causality approach. The results reveal that defence expenditure-internal threat and defence-political instability interactions both have positive and significant impacts on economic growth. On the contrary, it reveals that defence arms import interaction has a significant and negative impact on growth in Nigeria. However, the impact of defence Research and Development on economic growth it is not significant as a result of insufficient funding. The result furthermore found that the causation between defence expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria is unidirectional from defence to economic growth. This implies that defence expenditure stimulates growth during the time of threat and civil unrest. The study recommends a revisit on the funding of defence sector in Nigeria. The current defence budget is grossly inadequate for the defence, considering the threats in Nigeria since it independence and recent threats such as the “Boko Haram” and Niger Delta Militancy among others. Regarding the defence R&D, proper funding, as well as management should be considered on Defence Industrial Cooperation of Nigeria to avoid over dependence on foreign sources
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Ph.D.
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Umar, Muhammed Aminu
author_facet	Umar, Muhammed Aminu
author_sort	Umar, Muhammed Aminu
title	Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
title_short	Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
title_full	Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
title_fullStr	Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria
title_sort	impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in nigeria
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	School of Economics, Finance & Banking
publishDate	2016
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/7096/1/s95932_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/7096/2/s95932_02.pdf
_version_	1747828158186389504
spelling	my-uum-etd.70962021-12-08T03:26:21Z Impact of defence spending, internal threat, political instability and arms importation on economic growth in Nigeria 2016 Umar, Muhammed Aminu Abu Bakar, Abu Sufian School of Economics, Finance & Banking School of Economics, Finance and Banking HC Economic History and Conditions The existence of internal threat, political instability and arms importation has led to the rise in defence expenditure in Nigeria. Whether defence expenditure, with or without threat has a benign or malign impact on the economic growth, is a matter that needs rigorous academic investigation. The objective of this study include examining the impacts of defence expenditure on economic growth in the presence of threats, political instability and arms importation in Nigeria. It also examines the impacts of defence research and development, defence components on the Nigeria`s economic growth. In addition it examines the asymmetric causal relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth in Nigeria. Using the robust Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model, and asymmetric causality approach. The results reveal that defence expenditure-internal threat and defence-political instability interactions both have positive and significant impacts on economic growth. On the contrary, it reveals that defence arms import interaction has a significant and negative impact on growth in Nigeria. However, the impact of defence Research and Development on economic growth it is not significant as a result of insufficient funding. The result furthermore found that the causation between defence expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria is unidirectional from defence to economic growth. This implies that defence expenditure stimulates growth during the time of threat and civil unrest. The study recommends a revisit on the funding of defence sector in Nigeria. The current defence budget is grossly inadequate for the defence, considering the threats in Nigeria since it independence and recent threats such as the “Boko Haram” and Niger Delta Militancy among others. Regarding the defence R&D, proper funding, as well as management should be considered on Defence Industrial Cooperation of Nigeria to avoid over dependence on foreign sources 2016 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/7096/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/7096/1/s95932_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/7096/2/s95932_02.pdf text eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Abu-Qarn, A. S., & Abu-Bader, S. (2007). Sources of growth revisited: Evidence from selected MENA countries. World Development, 35(5), 752-771. Achumba, I. C., Ighomereho, O. S., & Akpan-Robaro, M. O. M. (2013). Security challenges in Nigeria and the implications for business activities and sustainable development. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 4(2), 79-99. Adam, (2011). 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