The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention

Tourism caters to those who are looking for adventure and discovering new places. The development of the tourism industry not only supports the local culture but also generates revenues for various tourism destinations. However, the risks surrounding these destinations, particularly those in areas k...

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Main Author:	Al-Tarawneh, Wazerah Suliman
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng eng
Published:	2020
Subjects:	G154.9-155.8 Travel and state Tourism
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/1/s96025_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/2/s96025_02.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/3/s96025_references.docx
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id	my-uum-etd.9188
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uum-etd.91882023-10-18T00:52:04Z The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention 2020 Al-Tarawneh, Wazerah Suliman Omar, Hamimi Tahir, Shaharuddin Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government G154.9-155.8 Travel and state. Tourism Tourism caters to those who are looking for adventure and discovering new places. The development of the tourism industry not only supports the local culture but also generates revenues for various tourism destinations. However, the risks surrounding these destinations, particularly those in areas known for political instability and terrorism, may negatively affect their tourism industry. In Jordan, the sharp decrease in the number of tourist arrivals, due to its location in a conflict-ridden area, has prompted an urgent need to identify factors shaping the perception of risks of the international tourists. These factors were evaluated during the actual travel experiences of tourists visiting Jordan. Consequently, the tourists' satisfaction was measured by the discrepancy between perceptions and actual travel experience, which influenced their future behavioural intentions. To achieve this objective, Expectation-Confirmation was employed as the theoretical basis for this study. The conceptual model described the influence of factors shaping the tourists' perception of risks, in order to measure their actual travel experiences, satisfaction, and furore intentions. A quantitative approach using the questionnaire technique was applied to examine this model. Using an area sampling technique, 450 questionnaires were distributed amongst international tourists who visited Jordan, specifically Petra, Madaba and Jerash. From the responses, 440 were usable. The survey data were then analysed by using Structural Equation Modelling. The findings indicate that those factors shaping perception of risks have a direct and statistically significant effect on the actual travel experiences of tourists but have an insignificant effect on tourists' satisfaction. Importantly, actual travel experience has a direct and significant effect on revisit and word of mouth. Further, perception of risks has a significant effect on tourists' satisfaction through the mediating effect of actual travel experience of tourists. The findings also indicate that actual travel experience has a significant effect on revisit and word of mouth through the mediating effect of tourists' satisfaction. This study contributes new knowledge to the field of perception of risks in the Middle-East particularly, Jordan and may serve as a starting point for researchers interested to sandy in this area. 2020 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/1/s96025_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/2/s96025_02.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/3/s96025_references.docx text eng public other doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng eng
advisor	Omar, Hamimi Tahir, Shaharuddin
topic	G154.9-155.8 Travel and state Tourism
spellingShingle	G154.9-155.8 Travel and state Tourism Al-Tarawneh, Wazerah Suliman The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention
description	Tourism caters to those who are looking for adventure and discovering new places. The development of the tourism industry not only supports the local culture but also generates revenues for various tourism destinations. However, the risks surrounding these destinations, particularly those in areas known for political instability and terrorism, may negatively affect their tourism industry. In Jordan, the sharp decrease in the number of tourist arrivals, due to its location in a conflict-ridden area, has prompted an urgent need to identify factors shaping the perception of risks of the international tourists. These factors were evaluated during the actual travel experiences of tourists visiting Jordan. Consequently, the tourists' satisfaction was measured by the discrepancy between perceptions and actual travel experience, which influenced their future behavioural intentions. To achieve this objective, Expectation-Confirmation was employed as the theoretical basis for this study. The conceptual model described the influence of factors shaping the tourists' perception of risks, in order to measure their actual travel experiences, satisfaction, and furore intentions. A quantitative approach using the questionnaire technique was applied to examine this model. Using an area sampling technique, 450 questionnaires were distributed amongst international tourists who visited Jordan, specifically Petra, Madaba and Jerash. From the responses, 440 were usable. The survey data were then analysed by using Structural Equation Modelling. The findings indicate that those factors shaping perception of risks have a direct and statistically significant effect on the actual travel experiences of tourists but have an insignificant effect on tourists' satisfaction. Importantly, actual travel experience has a direct and significant effect on revisit and word of mouth. Further, perception of risks has a significant effect on tourists' satisfaction through the mediating effect of actual travel experience of tourists. The findings also indicate that actual travel experience has a significant effect on revisit and word of mouth through the mediating effect of tourists' satisfaction. This study contributes new knowledge to the field of perception of risks in the Middle-East particularly, Jordan and may serve as a starting point for researchers interested to sandy in this area.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	other
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Al-Tarawneh, Wazerah Suliman
author_facet	Al-Tarawneh, Wazerah Suliman
author_sort	Al-Tarawneh, Wazerah Suliman
title	The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention
title_short	The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention
title_full	The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention
title_fullStr	The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention
title_full_unstemmed	The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention
title_sort	influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting jordan and their future behaviour intention
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government
publishDate	2020
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/1/s96025_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/2/s96025_02.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9188/3/s96025_references.docx
_version_	1783729386056318976

The influence of perception of risks of international tourists' visiting Jordan and their future behaviour intention

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