The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard

Millions of children around the world are in danger of abuse, neglect, forced labour, violence and sexual exploitation. The ongoing conflict in Iraq has left millions of children displaced by the war. As a result, children are facing child labour, abduction, recruitment into fighting, and sexual vi...

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Main Author:	Ali, Salim Ibrahim
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng eng
Published:	2020
Subjects:	K Law (General)
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/1/s902665_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/2/s902665_02.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/3/s902665_references.docx
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id	my-uum-etd.9269
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uum-etd.92692023-01-16T00:25:33Z The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard 2020 Ali, Salim Ibrahim Ayub, Zainal Amin Abdul Wahab, Harlida Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government K Law (General) Millions of children around the world are in danger of abuse, neglect, forced labour, violence and sexual exploitation. The ongoing conflict in Iraq has left millions of children displaced by the war. As a result, children are facing child labour, abduction, recruitment into fighting, and sexual violence. Iraq has ratified all the international conventions related to the protection against child labour, and nothing much has been done to safeguard children against child labour. Therefore, the objectives of this study are (1) to examine the laws that governing child protection particularly in relations to child labour in Iraq; (2) to study the international conventions within the context of protection against child labour in Iraq; (3) to analyse the legal problems in relations to the protection against child labour in Iraq; and (4) to propose recommendations about the protection against child labour in Iraq. This study is defined as a legal research study that adopting a doctrinal research method with a socio-legal approach. Interviews with a group of respondents are carried out. These kinds of methodological approaches assisted the research in building a systematic explanation of the legal problems of child labour in Iraq. The study found that, at present Iraq is using a piecemeal approach when the legal provisions that safeguarding the rights of the children and protecting them from child labour are scattered and available in different legislations namely the constitution, labour law, criminal law, and education law. These patchy provisions are believed to be insufficient to completely protect children from forced labour or even to reduce their suffering. Although Iraq has ratified all the related international conventions, its legal implementation is not consistent with international standards. Considering this situation and relying on the international conventions that were ratified by the government of Iraq, the study recommends a legal mechanism for the protection against child labour by enacting a specific and comprehensive legislation for the purpose of ensuring the rights and protection of the children of Iraq. It also recommends for activating the supervisory role of current state institutions and exacting the heavier penalties on the violators of proscriptions against child labour. Through this legal approach of having a comprehensive legislation and an effective enforcement institution, the protection against child labour in Iraq can be positively improved and gradually eliminated. 2020 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/1/s902665_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/2/s902665_02.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/3/s902665_references.docx text eng public phd doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng eng
advisor	Ayub, Zainal Amin Abdul Wahab, Harlida
topic	K Law (General)
spellingShingle	K Law (General) Ali, Salim Ibrahim The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard
description	Millions of children around the world are in danger of abuse, neglect, forced labour, violence and sexual exploitation. The ongoing conflict in Iraq has left millions of children displaced by the war. As a result, children are facing child labour, abduction, recruitment into fighting, and sexual violence. Iraq has ratified all the international conventions related to the protection against child labour, and nothing much has been done to safeguard children against child labour. Therefore, the objectives of this study are (1) to examine the laws that governing child protection particularly in relations to child labour in Iraq; (2) to study the international conventions within the context of protection against child labour in Iraq; (3) to analyse the legal problems in relations to the protection against child labour in Iraq; and (4) to propose recommendations about the protection against child labour in Iraq. This study is defined as a legal research study that adopting a doctrinal research method with a socio-legal approach. Interviews with a group of respondents are carried out. These kinds of methodological approaches assisted the research in building a systematic explanation of the legal problems of child labour in Iraq. The study found that, at present Iraq is using a piecemeal approach when the legal provisions that safeguarding the rights of the children and protecting them from child labour are scattered and available in different legislations namely the constitution, labour law, criminal law, and education law. These patchy provisions are believed to be insufficient to completely protect children from forced labour or even to reduce their suffering. Although Iraq has ratified all the related international conventions, its legal implementation is not consistent with international standards. Considering this situation and relying on the international conventions that were ratified by the government of Iraq, the study recommends a legal mechanism for the protection against child labour by enacting a specific and comprehensive legislation for the purpose of ensuring the rights and protection of the children of Iraq. It also recommends for activating the supervisory role of current state institutions and exacting the heavier penalties on the violators of proscriptions against child labour. Through this legal approach of having a comprehensive legislation and an effective enforcement institution, the protection against child labour in Iraq can be positively improved and gradually eliminated.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Ali, Salim Ibrahim
author_facet	Ali, Salim Ibrahim
author_sort	Ali, Salim Ibrahim
title	The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard
title_short	The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard
title_full	The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard
title_fullStr	The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard
title_full_unstemmed	The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard
title_sort	legal protection against child labour in iraq with focus on the international standard
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government
publishDate	2020
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/1/s902665_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/2/s902665_02.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/9269/3/s902665_references.docx
_version_	1776103726865448960

The legal protection against child labour in Iraq with focus on the international standard

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