Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah

Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah

<p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah membangunkan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek</p><p>dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran matematik sekolah</p><p>rendah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyelidikan re...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Mohamad Nurizwan Jumiran
Format: thesis
Language:zsm
Published: 2023
Subjects:
QA Mathematics
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=10071
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:10071
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language zsm
topic QA Mathematics
spellingShingle QA Mathematics
Mohamad Nurizwan Jumiran
Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah
description <p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah membangunkan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek</p><p>dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran matematik sekolah</p><p>rendah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan</p><p>pembangunan yang mengandungi tiga fasa. Fasa pertama merupakan fasa analisis</p><p>keperluan bagi mengenal pasti keperluan untuk membangunkan model pengajaran RSTEM</p><p>berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan. Fasa ini</p><p>dilaksanakan melalui kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur dan kaedah tinjauan. Temu</p><p>bual separa berstruktur melibatkan 3 orang guru pakar dalam bidang matematik</p><p>manakala instrumen soal selidik telah dijawab oleh 400 orang guru matematik sekolah</p><p>rendah. Data temu bual telah dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik, manakala data</p><p>soal selidik dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif statistik iaitu min dan sisihan</p><p>piawai. Dapatan temu bual dan soal selidik menunjukkan terdapat keperluan untuk</p><p>membangunkan model pengajaran R-STEM. Fasa kedua ialah fasa penentuan konstruk</p><p>utama dan item dalam setiap konstruk. Fasa ini melibatkan kesepakatan 15 orang panel</p><p>pakar dan Teknik Fuzzy Delphi digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Dapatan fasa kedua</p><p>menunjukkan terdapat 5 konstruk utama dengan 57 item untuk reka bentuk dan</p><p>pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM. Fasa ketiga merupakan fasa penilaian untuk</p><p>menguji keberkesanan penerapan elemen membina hubungan melalui pengaplikasian</p><p>model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek bagi topik Wang. Kaedah kuasi</p><p>eksperimen telah dilaksanakan yang melibatkan 70 orang murid tahun lima. Dapatan</p><p>menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan min pencapaian yang signifikan antara</p><p>kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan (p < 0.05). Kesimpulannya, model</p><p>pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek berkesan dan sesuai untuk proses penerapan</p><p>elemen membina hubungan dalam mata pelajaran matematik di sekolah rendah. Kajian</p><p>ini memberikan implikasi yang signifikan kepada guru matematik sekolah rendah</p><p>dalam menjadikan model pengajaran ini sebagai panduan bagi meningkatkan</p><p>pencapaian murid dalam matematik melalui penerapan elemen membina hubungan</p><p>dalam proses PdPc.</p>
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Doctorate
author Mohamad Nurizwan Jumiran
author_facet Mohamad Nurizwan Jumiran
author_sort Mohamad Nurizwan Jumiran
title Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah
title_short Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah
title_full Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah
title_fullStr Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah
title_full_unstemmed Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah
title_sort pembangunan model pengajaran r-stem berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran matematik sekolah rendah
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Sains dan Matematik
publishDate 2023
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=10071
_version_ 1804890517256798208
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:100712024-04-25 Pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran Matematik Sekolah Rendah 2023 Mohamad Nurizwan Jumiran QA Mathematics <p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah membangunkan model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek</p><p>dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan untuk pembelajaran matematik sekolah</p><p>rendah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan</p><p>pembangunan yang mengandungi tiga fasa. Fasa pertama merupakan fasa analisis</p><p>keperluan bagi mengenal pasti keperluan untuk membangunkan model pengajaran RSTEM</p><p>berasaskan projek dengan penerapan elemen membina hubungan. Fasa ini</p><p>dilaksanakan melalui kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur dan kaedah tinjauan. Temu</p><p>bual separa berstruktur melibatkan 3 orang guru pakar dalam bidang matematik</p><p>manakala instrumen soal selidik telah dijawab oleh 400 orang guru matematik sekolah</p><p>rendah. Data temu bual telah dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik, manakala data</p><p>soal selidik dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif statistik iaitu min dan sisihan</p><p>piawai. Dapatan temu bual dan soal selidik menunjukkan terdapat keperluan untuk</p><p>membangunkan model pengajaran R-STEM. Fasa kedua ialah fasa penentuan konstruk</p><p>utama dan item dalam setiap konstruk. Fasa ini melibatkan kesepakatan 15 orang panel</p><p>pakar dan Teknik Fuzzy Delphi digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Dapatan fasa kedua</p><p>menunjukkan terdapat 5 konstruk utama dengan 57 item untuk reka bentuk dan</p><p>pembangunan model pengajaran R-STEM. Fasa ketiga merupakan fasa penilaian untuk</p><p>menguji keberkesanan penerapan elemen membina hubungan melalui pengaplikasian</p><p>model pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek bagi topik Wang. Kaedah kuasi</p><p>eksperimen telah dilaksanakan yang melibatkan 70 orang murid tahun lima. Dapatan</p><p>menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan min pencapaian yang signifikan antara</p><p>kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan (p < 0.05). Kesimpulannya, model</p><p>pengajaran R-STEM berasaskan projek berkesan dan sesuai untuk proses penerapan</p><p>elemen membina hubungan dalam mata pelajaran matematik di sekolah rendah. Kajian</p><p>ini memberikan implikasi yang signifikan kepada guru matematik sekolah rendah</p><p>dalam menjadikan model pengajaran ini sebagai panduan bagi meningkatkan</p><p>pencapaian murid dalam matematik melalui penerapan elemen membina hubungan</p><p>dalam proses PdPc.</p> 2023 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=10071 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=10071 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Sains dan Matematik <p>Ab. Rahman, R., Ahmad, S., & Hashim, U. R. (2018). The effectiveness of gamification technique for higher education students engagement in polytehcnic Muadzam Shah Pahang. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 2018, 15, 1-16</p><p>Abdullah, N. A. (2021). The effectiveness of KOBUNA in primary pupils rounding skill. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Malaysia, 11(1), 30-38. https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol11.1.3.2021</p><p>Abdul Rasid Jamian & Nurfatin Nabihah Baharom. (2018). Kesan penggunaan teknik KWLH dalam kemahiran membaca kalangan murid sekolah jenis kebangsaan Cina. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 8(2), 48-56.</p><p>Abdul Muqsith Ahmad. (2018). Pembangunan model ENi berasaskan aktiviti inkuiri bagi program latihan kemahiran kejuruteraan Institut Latihan Kemahiran Malaysia. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Abiodun, P., & Jonathan, O.O. (2010). Effect of constructivism instructional approach on teaching practical skills to mechanical related trade students in western Nigeria technical colleges. International NGO Journal, 5(3), 059-064.</p><p>Adler, M. & Ziglo, E. (1996). Gazing into Oracle: The delphi method and its application to social policy and public health. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.</p><p>Affian Akhbar Mustam & Mazlini Adnan. (2019). Perception of primary mathematics teachers on STEM-oriented teaching and learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1227, 012009. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1227/1/012009</p><p>Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub, Aida Suraya Md Yunus, Rosnaini Mahmud, Nur Raidah Salim & Tajularipin Sulaiman (2017). Differences in students mathematic engagement between gender and between rural and urban school. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1795, 1-7.</p><p>Ahmad Sobri Shuib. (2010). Reka Bentuk Kurikulum M-Pembelajaran Sekolah Menengah. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Aini Aziziah Ramli, Nor Hasniza Ibrahim, Johari Surif, Muhammad Abd Hadi Bunyamin, Rahimah Jamaludin & Nurdiana Abdullah. (2017). Teachers readiness in teaching STEM education. Man In India Journal, 97(13), 343 -350.</p><p>Aizzat, M. N., Intan, O., & Zainal, A. (2006). Pengantar pengurusan. Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd.</p><p>Allen, J., Dyas, J., & Jones, M. (2004). Building consensus in health care: A guide to using nominal group technique. British Journal of Community Nursing, 9(3), 110-114. http://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2004.9.3.12432</p><p>Alnusra, D.S. & Suaema, A. (2019). Penerapan metode pembelajaran konstruktivisme untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar geografi pada materi bentuk-bentuk permukaan bumi untuk siswa kelas VII SMP Gotong Royong Tobela. Edukasi, 17(2).</p><p>Al-Shara (2015). Learning and teaching between enjoyment and boredom as realized by the students: a survey form the educational field. European Scientific Journal, 1111(1919), 1857-7881.</p><p>Amani Dahaman (2014). Pembangunan Modul m-Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Institut Pendidikan Guru. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Amat Ujali Lan, & Affero, I. (2016). Minat pelajar dalam subjek matematik sekolah rendah daerah Pontian. Seminar Pendidikan Johor 2016.</p><p>Amirah, A.R., Mohd Jasmy, A.R., Siti Adilah, M.A., Noraina, A.R., & Norkamaliah,</p><p>D. (2018). Aplikasi STEM dalam pengajaran dan pemudahcaraan di sekolah luar bandar: Peluang dan cabaran. International Conference on Education and Regional Development, 3, 1-5.</p><p>Ana Hafizan Daud. (2012). Pelaksanaan penilaian bilik darjah dalam kalangan guru Pendidikan Islam daerah Johor Bahru. [Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia</p><p>Anderson, C.B. (1975). Ecyclopedia of educational evaluation. Jossey Bass.</p><p>Arimuliani Ahmad. (2018). Developing the English Grammar module based-cooperative learning to teach basic English Grammar: Focus on students needs. Jurnal Pendidikan, 5(2), 138-148. </p><p>Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorenson, C., & Razavieh, A. (2010). Introduction to research in education (8th ed., Vol. 3). Cengage Learning.</p><p>Ayu Siti Aminah Husin. (2020). Kajian kes indeks kesukaran dan diskriminasi item ujian sumatif Bahasa Inggeris (Pemahaman) Tahun 5. Sains Humanika, 12(2), 57-66.</p><p>Aziz, Z., Shamsuri, S. M., & Damayanti, L. (2013). Project based learning to pose reasoning skills for year 1 pupil. Review of European Studies, 5(4), 82.</p><p>Azizi Ahmad. (2010). Pentaksiran pembelajaran. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p>Bandura. (1977). Self-efficacy: Towards a unifying thoery of behavioral change. Psychological Review.</p><p>Bal, A. P. (2013). Investigating undergradutes students assessment preferences in mathematics course and learning strategies. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(1), 242-257.</p><p>Berliner, D. C. (2004). Describing the behavior and documenting the accomplishments of expert teachers. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 24(3), 200-212.</p><p>Bhattacharjee, J. (2015). Constructivist approach to learning-an affective approach to teaching learning. International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS), 1(6), 65-74.</p><p>Bogdan, R.C., & Biklen, S.K. (2007). Qualitative research for education an introduction to theory and methods. 5th edition. Allyn & Bacon.</p><p>Bojadziev, G., & Bojadziev, M. (2007). Fuzzy set for business, Finance Management. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.</p><p>Bond, M., Buntins, K., Bedenlier, S., Zawacki-Richter, O. & Kerres, M. (2020). Mapping research in student engagement and educational technology in higher education: A systematic evidence map. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(20), 1-30.</p><p>Brodie. (2011). Professional learning communities and teacher change. Dlm. L. Paditz & A. Rogerson (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th international conference of The Mathematics Education into the 21st century project: On turning dreams come into reality. Transfornation and paradigm shifts in mathematics education, South Africa.</p><p>Brown, B. (1968). Delphi process: A methodology used for the elicitation of opinion of experts. RAND Corporation.</p><p>Bruner, J.S. (1961). The act of discovery. Harvard Educational Review, 31, 21-32</p><p>Bruner. (1977). The Process of education. Harvard University Press.</p><p>Bybee, R. W. (2009). The BSCS 5E instructional model and 21st century skills. Colorado Springs.</p><p>Bybee, R.W., Taylor, J.A., Gardner, A., Scotter, P., Powell, JC., Westbrook, A. & Landes, N. (2006). The BSCS 5E instructinal model: Origins, effectiveness, and applications. Colorado Springs BSCS. Dicapai daripada: http://science.education.nih.gov/houseofreps.nsf/b82d55fa138783c2852572c9 004f5566/$FILE/Appendix%20D.pdf</p><p>Campbell, D. T., Stanley, J. C., & Gage, N. L. (1963). Experimental and quasi experimental designs for research. Houghton, Mifflin and Company.</p><p>Chan, Y.L., Rosli Maun., & Gobi Krishnan. (2014). Matematik Tahun 5 SK. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p>Chang, P.L., Hsu, C.W., & Chang, P.C. (2011). Fuzzy delphi method for evaluating hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen energy, 36, 1417214179.</p><p>Chang, P.T., Huang, L.C., & Lin, H.J. (2000). The fuzzy delphi method via fuzzy statistics and membership function fitting and an application to the human resources. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 112(3), 511-520.</p><p>Chantell, H. W. (2015). Increasing student engagement in the secondary math classroom. [Tesis Master, Louisiana State University]. LSU Digital commons.</p><p>Chua Yan Piaw. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan: Asas Statistik penyelidikan Buku 2. McGraw-Hill.</p><p>Chua Yan Piaw. (2014). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan: Kaedah penyelidikan (edisi ketiga). McGraw-Hill</p><p>Cheng, C.H. & Lin. (2002). Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research, 142(1), 74-86.</p><p>Chu, H. C. & Hwang, G. J. (2008). A delphi-based approach to developing expert systems with cooperation of multiple experts. Expert Systems with Application, 34(28), 26-40.</p><p>Chitu Okoli, & Suzanne D. Pawlowski. (2004). The delphi method as a research tool: An example, design, considerations and applications. Dicapai daripada http://chitu.okoli.org/images/stories/bios/pro/research/methods/OkoliPawlows ki2004.pdf.</p><p>Chuah Kim Hwa. (2013). The journey of understanding action research: what is and what is not! (Part 1: Written focused of study among pre service teachers doing action research). Jurnal Penyelidikan Tindakan 2013 IPGKBL, 7.</p><p>Corrienna Abdul Talib, Hassan Aliyu, Adi Maimum Abdul Malik, Kang Hooi Siang & Marlina Ali. (2018). Interactive courseware as an effective strategy to overcome misconceptions in Acid-base Chemistry. 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), 240-245.</p><p>Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed). Routledge.</p><p>Creswell, J. W. & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson.</p><p>Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1962). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. The RAND Corporation.</p><p>Dalkey, N. (1967). Delphi. The Rand Corporation.</p><p>Dalkey, N. C. (1972). The delphi method: An experimental study of group opinion. Dlm. N. C. Dalkey, D. L. Rourke, R. Lewis, & D. Snyder (Eds.), Studies in the quality of life (ms.13-54). Lexington Books</p><p>Desi & Ryan. (2016). Optimizing students motivation in the era of testing and pressure: A self-determination theory perspective. Dlm. J. Wang. C. W. Liu &</p><p>R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Building autonomous learners: Research and Practical Perspectives using Self-Determination Theory (ms.9-29). Springer.</p><p>Deslandes, S. F., Mendes, C. H. F., Pires, T. O., & Campos, D. S. (2010). Use of the nominal group technique and the delphi method to draw up evaluation indicators for strategies to deal with violence against children and adolescent in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Saude Materno Infantil, 10(SUPPL. 1), 29-37.</p><p>Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and education: An introduction to the philosophy of education. Macmillan</p><p>Dixson, M.D. (2015). Measuring student engagement in the online courses: The online student engagement scale (OSE). Online Learning Journal, 19(4). https://doi.org/10.24059/olk.v19i4.561.</p><p>Dobbie, A., Rhodes, M., Tysinger, J. W. & Freeman, J. (2004). Using a modified nominal group technique as a curriculum evaluation tool. Family Medicine, 36(6), 402-406.</p><p>Dodge, M. M. (2017). The effect of the 5E instructional model on student engagement and transfer of knowledge in a 9th grade environmental science differentiated lassroom [Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan], Montanta State University.</p><p>Doody, O., & Doody, C. M. (2015). Conducting a pilot study: Case study of a novice researcher. British Journal of Nursing, 24(21), 10741078. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2015.24.21.1074</p><p>Dung, T. (2015). Improving teachers reasoning about sampling variability: A cross institutional effort. Congress of European Research in Mathematics Education (CERME), 692-699.</p><p>Eccles, J. (2016). Engagement: where to next? Learning and instruction, 43, 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2016.02.003</p><p>English, L.D. (2019). Learning while designing in fourth grade intergrates STEM problem. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 29, 10111032.</p><p>Field, A. (2009) Discovering statistics using SPSS 3rd Edition. Sage Publications Ltd.</p><p>Fraenkel, J.R. & Wallen, N.E. (2009). How to design and evaluate research in education (7th. ed). McGraw Hill.</p><p>Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.</p><p>Fredricks, J. A., Filsecker, M., & Lawson, M. A. (2016). Student engagement, context, and adjustment: Addressing definitional, measurement, and methodological issues. Learning and Instruction, 43, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2016.02.002.</p><p>Fritz, C. A. & Mantooth, L. J. (2005). Challenges expressed by cooperating teacher mentors when working with Agricultural Education student teachers: A Delphi study. NACTA Journal, 49(4), 51-56.</p><p>Fung, F., Cheng, Y.T., & Gaowei, C. (2018). Student engagement and mathematics achievement: Unravelling main and interactive effects. Psychology in the School 2018, 55(4). DOI: 10.1002/pits.22139</p><p>Gay, L.R., & Airasian, P.W. (2003). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and applications (7th Edition). Merrill Prentice Hall.</p><p>George, D. & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 25 step by step: A simple guide and reference (15th ed.). Routledge.</p><p>Ghazali Darusalam. (2005). Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan dalam kajian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Dicapai daripada http://ipislam.edu.my</p><p>Ghazali Darusalam & Sufean. (2016). Metodologi penyelidikan dalam Pendidikan: Amalan dan analisis kajian. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Gopal, K., Salim, N. R. and Ayub, A. F. M. (2019). Perception of learning mathematics among lower secondary students in Malaysia: Study on students engagement using fuzzy conjoint analysis. Malaysian Journal of Mathematical Science, 13(2), 165-185.</p><p>Gray, J. A. & DiLoreto, M. (2016). The effects of student engagement, student satisfaction, and perceived learning in online learning environment. NCPEA International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 11(1).</p><p>Gravetter, F. & Wallnau, L. (2014) Essentials of statistics for the behavioral sciences, 8th Edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.</p><p>Grootenboer, P. & Marshman, M. (2016). Chapter 2-The affective domain, mathematics and mathematics education. Dlm. Mathematics, Affect and Learning, 13-33. Springer.</p><p>Gullapyan, T. (2020). Best teaching practices to increase student interest in STEM subjects. [Disertasi Doktor Falsafah, Pepperdine University]. ProQuest Dissertation Publishing. (Publication No. 27994971) Dicapai daripada https://search.proquest.com/openview/2a3e46aeac2b1347c2a8d61da62f0f43/1 ?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y</p><p>Gupta, R., Sachdeva, A. & Bhardwaj, A. (2010). Selection of 3pl service provider using integrated fuzzy delphi and fuzzy TOPSIS. Proceedings of the world congress on engineering and computer science 2010 Vol II. WCECS 2010, 1-6. Dicapai daripada http://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2010/WCECS2010_pp1092</p><p>1097.pdf</p><p>Habibah Artini, R. (2017). Pembangunan model profesionalisme guru Pendidikan Islam berasaskan Riadhah Rahiyyah. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Education.</p><p>Haegele, J. A., & Hodge, S. R. (2015). Quantitative methodology: A guide for emerging physical education and adapted physical education researchers. The Physical Educator, 72, 5975.</p><p>Hamdi Serin. (2019). Project based learning in mathematics context. International Journal od Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 5(3), 232-236.</p><p>Hamzah, N., Baharum, H., Wahid, A., & Zakaria, N. A. (2018). Kajian refleksi pelajar terhadap pengajaran dan pembelajaran empati dalam kesusasteraan melayu. International Journal of Humanities, Philosophy and Language, 1(4), 73-84</p><p>Han, S. Y., Yalvac, B., Capraro, M. M., Capraro, R. M. (2015). In-service teachers' implementation and understanding of STEM project based learning. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 11(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2015.1306a</p><p>Harvey, N., & Holmes, C. A. (2012). Nominal group technique: An effective method for obtaining group consensus. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 18, 188-190.</p><p>Hazilah Mohd Amin, Johari Jaafar, Zaihosnita Hood, Saidah Saad & Hamizah Mohd Amin. (2013) Kemahiran insaniah pelajar prasiswazah: Analisis perbezaan jantina. Jurnal Teknologi (Social Sciences), 61(1), 1925.</p><p>Henson, L. L. (1980). The use of the delphi technique: University community involvement in the creation of a library building program at Florida Institute of Technology. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Florida State University, USA</p><p>Hidayah, I. N., Sadijah, C., Subanji, & Sudirman. (2021). The students cognitive engagement in online mathematics learning in the pandemic covid-19 era. The 4th International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education 2020, 17</p><p>Holtzapple, M. T. & Reece, W. D. (2010). Concept in engineering. McGraw-Hill Higher Education</p><p>Hughes,M., Desforges, C., & Mitchell, C. (2000). Numeracy and beyond: Applying mathematics in the primary school. Open University Press.</p><p>Hunt, S.D., Richard, D., Sparkman, J., & Wilcox, J.B. (1982). The pre-test in survey research: Issues and preliminary findings. Journal of Marketing Research, 19(2), 269-273.</p><p>Ibrahem Narongraksakhet. (2003). Developing local-based curriculum guidelines for Islamic private school in Southern Thailand. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). (2019) TIMSS 2019 international results in science. TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Centre.</p><p>Ismail, S. Khalijah, A. Rohani, S. Ros Silawati, A. & Mohd Fauzi, F. (2020). Aplikasi 4K 1N dalam pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan abad 21: Satu kajian terhadap pengajaran guru Tingkatan Enam di daerah Kubang Pasu. Journal of Advanced Research in Social and Behavioural Sciences, 19(Issue 1(202)), 64-79.</p><p>Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri Johor. (2020). Unjuran bilangan guru Matematik sekolah rendah di Negeri Johor. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Jabeen, L., Iqbal, N., Haider, N., & Iqbal, S. (2015). Cross correlation analysis of reward & punishment on students learning behavior. International Letters of Social and Humanistics Sciences, 59, 61-64.</p><p>Jaggar, S. S. & Xu, Di. (2016). How do online course design features influence student performance? Computer and Education, 95, 270-284. DOI:10.1016/j.compedu.2016.01.014</p><p>Jekri, A., & Han, C. G. K. (2020). Cabaran dalam melaksanakan pengajaran dan pembelajaran STEM di sekolah menengah. International Journal of Education, Psychology, and Counseling , 5 (34),80-90</p><p>Jiuhua, Chong & Yang. (2017). Study of the 5E instructional model to improve the instructional design process of novice teachers. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(7), 1257- 126. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2017.050718</p><p>Johanson, G. A., & Brooks, G.P. (2010). Initial scale development: Sample size for pilot studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(3). 394-400.</p><p>Jones, H. & Twiss, B. L. (1978). Forecasting technology for planning decisions. Macmillan.</p><p>Jorgensen, D.L. (1989). Participant Observation: A Methodology for Human Studies. Sage.</p><p>Joseph, F.H., Tomas, G., Christian, M.R., & Marko, S. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publication.</p><p>Juppri Bacotang. (2014). Pelaksanaan kajian kuasi-eksperimen untuk mengenal pasti tahap kemahiran literasi awal kanak-kanak taska. International Language Conference (ILC) 2014, 1-20.</p><p>Kahu, E. R. & Nelson, K. (2018). Student engagement in the educational interface: Understanding the mechanisms of student success. Higher Education Research Development, 37(4), 1-14. DOI: 10.1080/07294360.2017.1344197</p><p>Kazna, R. (1991). Learning with media. Review of Educational Research, 1, 179-211.</p><p>Kamisah, O., & Neelavany, M. (2010). Setting New Lerning Target for The 21st Century Education in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 2, 3737-3741.</p><p>Kamisah Osman, Tuan Mastura Tuan Soh & Nurazidawati Mohamad Arsad. (2010). Development and validation of Malaysian 21st Century Skills instrument (M21CSI) for science students. Procedia Social and Behavioural Sciences, 9, 599 603.</p><p>Kelly, J., & Pohl, B. (2018). Using structured positive and negative reinforcement to change student behaviour in educational settings in order to achieve student academic success. Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences, 5(1), 17-29.</p><p>Kelley, T. R., & Sung, E. (2017). Sketching by design: Teaching sketching to young learners. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 27, 363386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-016-9354-3</p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2014). Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran Matematik Tahun 5. Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.</p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2016a). Panduan pelaksanaan Sains, Teknologi, Kejuruteraan dan Matematik dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2016b). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (2013-2025). Dicapai daripada http://www.moe.gov.my/userfiles/file/PPPM/Preliminary-Blueprint-BM.pdf</p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2018). Siri bahan sumber Sains, Teknologi, Kejuruteraan, dan Matematik, BSTEM Matematik sekolah rendah. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>King, D. & Menke, J. (1992). Providing the instructors note: An effective additional to student notetaking. Educational Psychologist, 20, 33-39.</p><p>Kokotsaki, D., Menzies,V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Project-based learning: A review of the literature. Improving Schools, 19(3), 267277. https://doi.org/10.1177/1365480216659733</p><p>Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.</p><p>Kubat, U. (2018). The integration of STEM into science classes. World of Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 10(3), 165-173.</p><p>Kubiszyn, T., & Borich, G. (2000). Educational testing and measurement: Classroom application and practice (6th ed). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</p><p>Lang, T. (2000). An overview of four future methodologies. Dicapai daripada http://www.Soc.hawaii.edu/future/j7/LANG.html</p><p>Larmer, J., & Mergendoller, J.R. (2012). Main course not dessert: How are students reaching 21st century goals? With 21st century project based learning. Buck Institute for Education.</p><p>Lay Ah Nam & Kamisah Osman. (2018). Integrated STEM Education: Promoting STEM Literacy and 21st Century Learning. Dalam M. Shelley & S. A. Kiray (Eds.), Research highlights in STEM Education (ms. 66-80). ISRES Publishing.</p><p>Lay Ah Nam. (2017). Pembangunan dan keberkesanan modul MYKIMDG terhadap pencapaian dalam topik garam, kemahiran abad ke-21 dan motivasi dalam Kimia. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p>Lay Yoon Fah & Khoo Chwee Hoon. (2009). Introduction to statistical analysis in social sciences research (Series 1). Venton Publishing (M) Sdn. Bhd.</p><p>Leavy, P. (2017). Research design. The Guilford Press.</p><p>Lee, E., & Hannafin, M.J. (2016). A design framework for enhancing engagement in student centered learning : Own it, learn it and share it. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64(4), 707-734</p><p>Lee, J. S. (2014). The relationship between student engagement and academic performance: Is it a myth or reality? The Journal of Educational Research, 107(3):177-185.</p><p>Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2020). Analisis peperiksaan UPSR tahun 2019. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2019). Pelaporan pentaksiran sekolah rendah 2019. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2018). Kupasan mutu jawapan UPSR 2017. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2016). Analisa kedudukan sekolah bagi semua negeri di Malaysia untuk UPSR 2013-2016. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Linda S, F., & Barbara G, T. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed). Pearson.</p><p>Loh, S.L., Pang, V.A. & Denis Lajium, S.D. (2020). A case study of teachers pedagogical content knowledge in the implementation of integrated STEM education. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains & Matematik Malaysia, 10(1), 49-64.</p><p>Lomax, P., & McLeman, P. (1984). The uses and abuses of Nominal Group Technique in Polytechnic course evaluation. Studies in Higher Education, 9(2), 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075078412331378834</p><p>Loewenthal, K. M. (2001). An Introduction to psychological test and scales. Psychology Press.</p><p>Mack, Z., & Sharples, S. (2009). The importance of usability in product choice: A mobile phone case study. Ergonomics, 52(12), 1514-1528. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130903197446</p><p>Makki, M. H., Khalick, F. A. E., & Boujaoude, S. (2003). Lebanese Secondary School students environmental knowledge and attitudes. Environmental Education Research, 9(1), 21-33.</p><p>Marohaini Yusoff. (2001). Pertimbangan kritikal dalam pelaksanaan kajian kes secara kualitatif. Dalam Marahoini Yusoff (pynt.) Penyelidikan kualitatif pengalaman kerja lapangan kajian. Penerbitan Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Marx, A.A., Simonsen, J.C., & Kitchel, T. (2016). Undergradutes student course engagement and the influence of student, contextual, and teacher variables. Journal of Agricultural Education, 57, 212-228.</p><p>Mas Norbany Abu Samah. (2016). Pembangunan dan penilaian Modul Pentaksiran Autentik dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Matematik Tahun 1 bagi topik Wang, Masa dan Waktu. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p>Mazlini Adnan, Marzita Puteh, Norain Mohd Tajudin, Siti Mistima Maat & Ng Chee Hoe(2018). Integrating STEM education through project based inquiry learning in topic Space Among Year One children. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication, special edition, 1383-1390. DOI NO: 10.7456/1080SSE/185</p><p>Mazura Khalik, Corrienna Abdul Talib, Hassan Aliyu, Marlina Ali & Mohd Ali Samsudin. (2019). Dominant instructional practices and their challenges of implementation in integrated STEM education : A systematic review with the way forward. Learning and Science and Mathematics, 92-106.</p><p>McKillip, J. (1987). Need analysis: Tool for the human services and education. Sage</p><p>Miedel, W.T. & Reynolds, A.J. (2000). Parent involvement in early intervention for disadvantaged children: Does it matter? Journal of School Psychology, 37, 379-402</p><p>Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.</p><p>Misher, P.H. (2014). Project based learning in a STEM academy: Student engagement and interest in STEM careers. Gardner-Webb University</p><p>Moayyeri, H. (2015). The impact of undergraduate students' learning preferences (VARK Model) on their language achievement. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 6(1), 132-139.</p><p>Mohd, I.H., Aluwi, A.H., Hussein, N., & Omar, M.K. (2016). Enhancing student engagement through blended learning satisfaction and lecturer support. International Conference on Engineering Education, 175-180.</p><p>Mohd Burhan, N., Tamuri, A. H. & Mohd Nordin, N. (2016). Pembinaan hubungan di antara guru dengan pelajar. Technical and Social Science Journal (TSSJ), 5(1), 138-148.</p><p>Mohd Hazli & Maimun. (2018). Motivasi intrinsik dan ekstrinsik pelajar dalam aktiviti kemahiran membaca teks arab. Global Journal of Al Thaqafah, 8(2), 97-107.</p><p>Mohd Ismail Mustari, Khairul Azmi Jasmi, Azhar Muhammad & Rahmah Yahya. (2012). Model pengajaran dan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Seminar Antarabangsa Perguruan dan Pendidikan Islam 201 2, 867-878</p><p>Mohd Khairul Nuzul Hassan. (2019). Reka bentuk dan pembangunan model pengajaran e-TVET bagi program mekanikal di kolej vokasional. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p>Mohd Paris Saleh. (2016). Model pengajaran M-pembelajaran berasaskan kaedah inkuiri mata pelajaran Sejarah peringkat menengah. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Mohd Ridhuan, M. J. (2016). Model kurikulum latihan SkiVes bagi program pengajian kejuruteraan pembelajaran berasaskan kerja (WBL) Politeknik Malaysia. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Mohd Ridhuan, M.J. Saedah Siraj, Zaharah, H., Nurulrabihah, M.N., Ahamad Arifin,</p><p>S. (2017). Pengenalan asas kaedah fuzzy delphi dalam penyelidikan reka bentuk dan pembangunan. Minda Intelek Agency.</p><p>Mohd Ridhuan, M.J. & Nurulrabihah, M.N. (2020). Kepelbagaian metodologi dalam penyelidikan reka bentuk dan pembangunan. Qaisar Prestige Resources 2020.</p><p>Mohd Uzi Dollah & Noor Shah Saad. (2012). Modul KRM3013 Asas nombor. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris</p><p>Mohamad, N. S. (2019). Penambahbaikan prestasi melalui pemahaman sistem pengajaran dan pembelajaran ke arah inovasi dan amalan terbaik. Asean Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 11(1), 73-109.</p><p>Mohamad Khairi Mat Said. (2012). Analisis item. Dicapai daripada https://ictrpk.files. wordpress.com</p><p>Mohammed Ali, I. (2016). The impact of using 5Es instructional model on achievement of mathematics and retention of learning among fifth grade students. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education, 6, 43-48.</p><p>Mok Soon Sang. (2013). Pendidikan di Malaysia. Kumpulan Budiman</p><p>Morchid, D. N. (2020). The social constructivist response to educational technology. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS), 5(1). Retrieved from http://journal-repository.com/index.php/ijels/article/view/1666</p><p>Muhamad Nasir Mohammad Salleh, Zaharah Hussin, & Mohd Faisal Mohamed. (2020). Reka bentuk model pengajaran Taranum Al-Quran: Analisis terhadap model-model pengajaran yang terpilih. Journal of Islamic Education Research (JIER2020), 5, 11-20.</p><p>Muhammad Abd Hadi, B. (2015). Pendidikan STEM bersepadu: Perspektif global, perkembangan semasa di Malaysia, dan langkah ke hadapan. Buletin Persatuan Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Johor, 25(1), 1-6.</p><p>Muhammad Imran, Y. (2007). The Delphi technique. Essays in Education, 20(89), 80-89.</p><p>Muhammad Nubli, A.B., Maziah, M.S., & Mohd Firdaus, M.K. (2012). Keberkesanan modul LINUS berbantukan terapi bio feedback EmWave terhadap murid-murid zon Chenor,Pahang. Dalam: Prosiding Seminar Internasional Pasca Siswazah Pendidikan Khas UKM-UPI Siri II 2012, 27-28 January 2012, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p>Muhammad Nidzam Yaakob. (2017). Pembangunan model m-pembelajaran bagi kursus teknologi dalam pengajaran di Institut Pendidikan Guru. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Utara Malaysia.</p><p>Muhammad Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah. (2014). Development of activity-based mlearning implementation model for undergraduate english language learning. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya. Dicapai daripada https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268877015.pdf</p><p>Muhamad Saiful Bahri, Y. (2019). ABC of content validation and content validity index calculation. Educational Resource, 11(2), 4954. https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.2.6</p><p>Murray, J. W. & Hammons, J. O. (1995). Delphi: a versatile methodology for conducting qualtitative research. Review of Higher Education, 18(4), 23-36</p><p>Murray, T.J., Pipino, L.L., & Gigch, J.P. (1985). A pilot study of fuzzy set modification of deplhi. Human System Management, 5(1), 76-80.</p><p>Mutodi, P. & Ngirande, H. (2014). The influence of students perceptions on mathematics performance. A case of a selected high school in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(3), 431-445.</p><p>Nadelson & Seifert. (2017). Integrated STEM defined: Context, challlenges and the future. Journal of Educational Research, 110(3), 221-223</p><p>Nasir, N. A. M., Salleh, M. F. M., Rasid, N. S., Ismail, M. H., and Abdullah, N. (2017). Intellectual Science and Mathematics program: Improving students interest in learning Science and Mathematics. Advanced Science Letters, 23(4), 32683272.</p><p>Nasurdin, A. M., Norazlin & Siti Rahaimah. (2018). Implementation of 21st Century Learning and Challenges. 3 rd UUM International Qualitative Research Conference (QRC), Melaka, Malaysia, 65-73. Dicapai daripada http://repo.uum.edu.my/26271/1/QRS%202018%2065%2073.pdf</p><p>Naziah Sahat, Adlina Yantiaryanie Abd Rahman, Khairul Amilin Tengah, Hui Chuan Li & NorAzura Abdullah. (2018). A study of Mathematics teacher motivation towards teaching in Brunei Darussalam. Journal of Studies in Education, 8(2), 18-28.</p><p>Ng, M. P., Alias, N., & Dewitt, D. (2022). Effectiveness of gamification application in learning Mandarin as a second language. Malaysian Journal of Learning & Instruction, 19(2), 183-211. https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2022.19.2.7</p><p>Ngasiman, N. (2013). Kesan kaedah pembelajaran koperatif terhadap pencapaian pelajar dalam mata pelajaran matematik. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(9), 1689-1699. http://doi.org/10.1017/CB09781107415324.004</p><p>Nitce Isa, M.M.I., & Mai Shihah, A. (2013). Pembelajaran berasaskan projek: takrifan, teori dan perbandingannya dengan pembelajaran berasaskan masalah. Current Research in Malaysia, 2(1), 181-194.</p><p>Nooriza Kassim & Effandi Zakaria. (2015). Integrasi kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Matematik: Analisis keperluan guru. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematik, 3(1), 1-12.</p><p>Nooriza Kassim. (2019). Pembangunan dan pengujian keberkesanan modul pengajaran pecahan dengan penyebatian kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi ke atas pengetahuan konseptual dan pengetahuan prosedural Pecahan. [Tesis Doktor Falasafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p>Noor Lela Ahmad & Nur Afrina Haziqah Azman. (2020). Tahap amalan pengajaran berkesan guru Prinsip Perakaunan berasaskan Model Slavin. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 45(1), 53-62.</p><p>Norakusuma Mohd Din, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub & Rohani Ahmad Tarmizi. (2016). Influence of parental involvement and peer support on mathematics engagement among malaysian secondary school students. Malaysian Journal of Mathematics Sciences, 10S, 175-185.</p><p>Noraasikin Abu Bakar, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub, Nor Aniza Ahmad, & Sharifah Intan Sharina Syed Abdullah. (2021). Mathematics engagement: The relationship between student engagement, parental involvement, and peer influence. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 11(5), 496-513.</p><p>Norhayati, Y. (2022). Pembangunan aplikasi pembelajaran berasaskan permainan dalam talian (PBPDT) bagi topik kebarangkalian mudah dan kesannya terhadap pencapaian murid tingkatan dua. [Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p>Norlizawaty Baharin & Nurzatulshima Kamarudin. (2018). STEM ASEAN Project to promote 21st century teaching and learning. Learning Science and Mathematics, 13, 98-114.</p><p>Nuraina Mohamed Sin, & Haslina Ishak. (2017). Menyemai budaya berfikir dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Dlm. Prosiding ICSoTL 2017 (ms. 978983). UUM, Sintok: School of Education and Modern Languages, Universiti Utara Malaysia. Diperoleh daripada http://www.seml.uum.edu.my/images/Proceedings/Proceedings2.pdf</p><p>Nunally, J. C. & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill</p><p>Nur Aqilah, R., & Noor Dayana, A.H. (2019). Effect of inquiry-based learning with video integration towards students achievement in learning mathematics. innovative Teaching and Learning Journal, 3(2), 42-60.</p><p>Nur Amelia Adam & Lilia Halim. (2019). Cabaran pengintergrasian pendidikan STEM dalam kurikulum Malaysia. Seminar Wacana Pendidikan 2019 (SWAPEN 2.0). Dicapai daripada https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335909086_Cabaran_Pengintegrasia n_Pendidikan_STEM_Dalam_Kurikulum_Malaysia</p><p>Nur Farhana Ramli & Othman Talib. (2017). Can education instituition implement STEM? From Malaysian teachers view. International Journal of Academic Research in Bussiness and Social Sciences, 7(3), 721-732.</p><p>Nur Raidah Salim & Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub. (2017). Relationship between mathematics statistics engagement and behaviours towards statistics among undergraduates students in Malaysia. AIP Conference Proceedings 1795, 020026, 1-6.</p><p>Nurulrabihah Mat Noh. (2020). Pembangunan model pengajaran pemikiran reka bentuk sekolah rendah. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>OECD. (2014). PISA 2012 results: What students know and can do Student performance in mathematics, reading and science (Volume I, Revised edition, February 2014). PISA, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264201118-en [11 April 2016].</p><p>OECD. (2019). Education at a Glance 2019: OECD Indicators. OECD Publishing, Paris.</p><p>Okoli, C. & Pawlowski, S. D. (2004). The Delphi Method as a research tool: an example, design considerations and applications. Information & Management, 42(1), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2003.11.002</p><p>Othman Lebar. (2007). Penyelidikan kualitatif: Pengenalan kepada teori dan metod. Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p>ONeil & Jackson, L. (1983). Nominal group technique: A process for initiating curriculum development in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 8(2), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075078312331378994</p><p>PADU. (2016). Laporan tahunan 2016. Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM) (2013-2025). Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p>Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013-2025), Dicapai daripada http://www.moe.gov.my/userfiles/file/PPPM/Preliminary-Blueprint-BM.pdf</p><p>Perry, J. & Linsley, S. (2006). The use of the nominal group technique as an evaluative tool in the teaching and summative assessment of the interpersonal skills of student mental health nurses. Nurse Education Today, 26(4), 346-353. DOI : 10.1016/j.nedt.2005.11.004</p><p>Piaget. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescene to adulthood. Human Develop, 15, 1-12. DOI:10.1159/000271225</p><p>Pierce, R. & Stacey, K. (2004). A framework for monitoring progress and planning teaching towards the effective use of computer algebra systems. International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning, 9(1), 59-93. DOI: 10.1023/B:IJCO.0000038246.98119.14</p><p>Ragin, C.C. (2007). Qualitative comparitive analysis using fuzzy sets (fsQCA). Dalam configurational comparative analysis. Sage Publication.</p><p>Redmond, P., Heffernan, A., Abawi, L., Brown, A. & Henderson, R. (2018). An online engagement framework for higher education. Online Learning, 22(1), 183-204, doi:10.24059/olj.v22il.1175</p><p>Rehmat, A. P. (2015). Engineering the path to higher-order thinking in elementary education: A problem-based learning approach for STEM integration. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Nevada. Dicapai daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/7777325</p><p>Rescher, N. (1969). Delphi and values. The RAND Corporation.</p><p>Richey, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2007). Design and development research: Methods, strategies and issues. Erlbaum.</p><p>Richey, R. C., Klein, J. D. & Nelson, W. A. (2004). Developmental research: Studies of instructional design and development. Dalam D. Jinassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (Vol. 4,ms.1099-1130). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.</p><p>Rohani Arbaa, Hazri Jamil, & Mohammad Zohir Ahmad. (2017). Model Bersepadu Penerapan Kemahiran Abad ke-21 dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 42(1), 111.</p><p>Roy Reky, Nor Hasniza, I., Johari Surif, Marlina, A. & Abd Halim, A. (2013). Kajian pemikiran refleksi dalam kalangan pensyarah matematik Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). International Seminar on Quality and Affordable Education (ISQAE 2013). 142-148. Dicapai daripada https://humanities.utm.my/education/wpcontent/uploads/sites/6/2013/11/21.pdf</p><p>Rosli, R. (2016). A meta-analysis study on the effectiveness of higher order thinking skills (hots) based learning in Science and Mathematics subjects. Dlm. 7th International Seminar on Regional Education Proceeding, 3, 1344-1349.</p><p>Ruslin Amir, Anisa Saleha, Zalizan Mohd Jelas, Abdul Razaq Ahmad & Hutkemri. (2014). Students engagement by age and gender: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 21, 1886-1992.</p><p>Saedah Siraj, Muhammad Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah, & Rozaini Muhamad Rozkee. (2020). Pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan pembangunan: Aplikasi kepada penyelidikan Pendidikan. Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p>Seyedh Mahboobeh Jamali, Ahmad Nurulazam Md Zain, Mohd Ali Samsudin & Nader Ale Ebrahem. (2017). Self-Efficacy, scientific reasoning, and learning achievement in the STEM Project Based Learning literature. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2, 29-43.</p><p>Shafie, N. I. M. (2010). Keberkesanan daedah double vision technique terhadap pencapaian pelajar tahun 4 di Kuala Terengganu. [Tesis Ijazah Sarjana Muda yang tidak diterbitkan]. IPGKDRI.</p><p>Shahril Effendi, I. & Mohamad Afzhan Khan, M. K. (2019). Students engagement in Open University Malaysia Graduate Centre (OUM GC): Does infrmation seeking behaviour plays a role? International Conference on Education 2019, 458-466.</p><p>Siew, N.M., Amir, N., & Chong, C.L. (2015). The perceptions of pre-service and in-service teachers regarding a project-based STEM approach to teaching science. SpringerPlus, 4(1), 1-20.</p><p>Singh, P., Teoh, S. H., Cheong, T. H., Rasid, N. S. M., Kor, L. K., and Nasir, N. A. M. (2018). The use of problem-solving heuristics approach in enhancing stem students development of mathematical thinking. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 13(3), 289-303.</p><p>Sithole, A., Edward, T.C., Peter, M.C., Davison, MM., Brian, K. B. & Joachim, K. (2017). Student attracttion, persistence and retention in STEM programs: Successes and continuing challenges. Higher Education Studies, 7(1), 46-59.</p><p>Siti Nabila, K., Muzirah Musa, Fainida Rahmat, Nurul Akmal, M. & Nor Azian, A. M. (2019). Pembangunan dan penilaian modul pengajaran STEM dalam bidang Statistik dan Kebarangkalian dalam KSSM Matematik Tingkatan Dua. Journal of Quality Measurement and Analysis, 15(2), 25-34.</p><p>Siti Nurul Ain, Z., Haryana, M.H., Nurhuda, I., Mohamad, A., Nurin Amilin, O., Nursyazni Syahirah, K.B., Nor Syahirah, I., Nuraina, B. & Noor Irdina, M.S. (2019). A study of STEM program among rural students. Malaysian Journal of Industrial Technology, 3(1), 1-7.</p><p>Siti Rahayah Ariffin, D. (2003). Teori, konsep & amalan dalam pengukuran dan penilaian. Centre for Academic Advancement, UKM.</p><p>Slavin, R. (1994). A theory of school and classroom organization. Dalam R. Slavin, (Ed.), School and Classrooom Organization. Erlbaun.</p><p>Snyder, R.H., Thompson, C.B., & Schaffer, J. (2000). Comparison of mailed vs internet applications of the Delphi technique in clinical informatics research. AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings Archive 2000, 809-813.</p><p>Sogunro, O.A. (2017). Quality instruction as a motivating factor in higher education. International Journal of Higher Education 2017, 6(4), 173-184.</p><p>Somerville, J.A. (2007). Effective use of the delphi process in research: Its characteristics, strenghts, and limitations. [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan] Oregon State University.</p><p>Spradley, J.P. (1980). Participant observation. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.</p><p>Straus, J. & Corbin, J. (1998). Basic of qualititative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Sage Publications, Inc.</p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L., & Shinkfield, A.J. (2007). Evaluation theory, models, & applications. Jossey-Bass</p><p>Sudman, S. (1976). Applied Sampling. Academic Press.</p><p>Swanson, R. A. (2005). Evaluation, a state of mind. Advance in Developing Human Resources, 7(1), 16-21.</p><p>Swanson, R. A, & Holton, E. F. (2009). Foundation of human resource development (2nd ed). Berrett-Koehler Publishers.</p><p>Syahida Nadia Zakaria. (2015). Kesan pendekatan konstruktivisme dan pendekatan tradisional dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran komponen sastera Bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 5(2), 12-21.</p><p>Syamsulaini, S. & Masyitah, H. (2016). Pengajaran berasaskan video dalam pembelajaran berpusatkan pelajar: analisis dan kajian kritikal. Journal of ICT in Education, 3, 24-33.</p><p>Tanner, K.D. (2010). Order matters: using the 5E model to allign teaching with how people learn. CBE-Life Sciences Education, 9(3), 159-164.</p><p>Tengku Sarina Aini Tengku Kasim, Fatimah Sahida Abdurajak, Yusmini Md Yusoff, & Madiha Baharuddin. (2017). Pendekatan konstrruktivisme di Malaysia dan Brunei Darussalam : Satu tinjauan awal terhadap pengalaman guru Pendidikan Islam. Journal of Islamic Educational Research 2017, 2(1), 23-35.</p><p>Tezer, M., & Cumhur, M. (2017). Mathematics through the 5E instructional model and mathematics modelling: The geometrical objects. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(8), 4789-4804.</p><p>Thibaut, Knipprath, Dehaene & Depaepe. (2018). The influence of teachers attitudes and school context on instructional practices in integrated STEM education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 71, 190-205.</p><p>Thien, L. M., Darmawan, I. G. N., & Ong, M. Y. (2015). Affective characteristics and mathematics performance in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand: What can PISA 2012 data tell us? Large-scale Assessments in Education, 3(1), 3.</p><p>Thien, L. M. & Darmawan, I. N. G. (2016). Factors associated with Malaysian mathematics achievement in PISA 2012: A multilevel analysis. Dlm. Thien, L. M., Nordin, A. R., Keeves, J. P., and Darmawan, I. G. N., editors, What can PISA 2012 data tell us? 81-105.</p><p>Thien, L. M. & Ong, M. Y. (2015). Malaysian and Singaporean students affective characteristics and mathematics performance: evidence from PISA 2012. SpringerPlus, 4(1), 563-577.</p><p>Thomas, J. W. (2000). A review of research on project-based learning. San Rafael, CA: Autodesk Foundation. Dicapai daripada http://www.bie.org/object/document/a_review_of_research_on_project_based _ learning</p><p>Ting, J. J. & Tarmizi, R. A. (2016). Mathematical learning attributes impacting students performance in Sarawak. Malaysian Journal of Mathematical Sciences, 10(S), 159-174.</p><p>Tularam, G. A., & Machisella, P. (2018). Traditional vs Non-traditional teaching and learning strategies the case of E-learning. International Journal for Mathematics Teaching and Learning, 19(1), 129158.</p><p>Thorndike, R.L. (2001). Measurement and evaluation in psychology and education (6th edition). Merill, Upper Saddle River.</p><p>Unit Pelaksanaan dan Prestasi Pendidikan. (2018). Analisa gred purata kebangsaan dan gred purata negeri untuk pencapaian UPSR tahun 2017. Dicapai daripada https://www.moe.gov.my/korporat/bahagian-dan-unit/unit-pelaksanaan</p><p>prestasi-pendidikan</p><p>Van De Ven, A. & Delbecq, A. L. (1971). Nominal versus interacting group processes for committee decision making effectiveness. The Academy of Management Journal, 14(2), 203-213.</p><p>Voet, M. & Wever, B. D. (2016). History teachers conceptions of inquiry-based learning, Beliefs about nature of history, and their relation to the classroom context. Journal of Teaching and Teacher Education, 55, 57-67.</p><p>Voon, S. H. & Amran, M. S. (2021). Pengaplikasian teori pembelajaran konstruktivisme dalam pembelajaran matematik. Sains Insani, 6(2), 73-82.</p><p>Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and languange. Cambridge, MIT Press.</p><p>Vygotsky. (1978). Mind in Society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University.</p><p>Wachira Srikoom & Chatree Faikhamta. (2018). In-service Science teachers self-efficacy and beliefs about STEM education. The 1st year of implementation. Department Education, Kasetsart University, Thailand. Dicapai daripada https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327979101_Teachers%27_Selfefficacy_and_Beliefs_about_STEM_Education</p><p>Wan Hafiidzull Wan Rashid, Che Ghani Che Koh & Arman Shah Abdullah. (2020). Modul pembelajaran berasaskan projek: Kesan terhadap pencapaian teori dalam Projek Tahun Akhir 1 di kolej vokasional. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 3(1), 83-92.</p><p>Wang, M. T., Fredricks, J. A., Ye, F., Hofkens, T. L., & Linn, J. S. (2016). The mathematics and science engagement scales: Scale development, validation, and psychometric properties. Learning and Instruction, 43, 16-26.</p><p>Williams, P. L., Wilson, S. E., White, N., Klem, R., & Bartholomew, P. (2006). Clinical education and training: Using the nominal group technique in research with radiographer to identify factors effecting quality and capacity. Radiography, 12(3), 215-224. DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2005.06.001</p><p>Woudenberg, F. (1991). An evaluation of Delphi. Technological forecasting and social change, 40(2), 131-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1625(91)90002-W</p><p>Yap, W. L. (2016). Transforming conventional teaching classroom to learner-centred teaching classroom using multimedia-mediated learning module. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 6(2), 105112. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIET.2016.V6.667</p><p>Yong Mi Kim. (2009). Validation of psychometric research instruments: The case of information science. Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60(6), 1178-1191.</p><p>Zaharuzzaman & Kamarul Azmi. (2018). Kajian kes penggunaan gaya pembelajaran Pelajar pusat pendidikan islam andalus, Singapura. Malaysian Journal of Education, 2(1) , 36-46.</p><p>Zaharah Hussin. (2008). Pembinaan kandungan kurikulum pendidikan akhlak untuk latihan perguruan pendidikan islam [Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Malaya.</p><p>Zakiah, S., Saomi, A.S.N., Syara, R., Hidayat, W., & Hendriana, H. (2018). The efficiency of using education videos on the linear program material as observed in vocational high school students mathematical communication ability. Journal of Education Experts 2018, 1(1), 11-18.</p><p>Ziaeefard, S., Miller, M., Rastgaar, M., & Mahmoudian, N. (2017). Co-robotics hands-on activities: A gateway to engineering design and STEM learning. Robotics and Autonomous System 2017, 1-16.</p><p></p>

Similar Items