Isolation of Indole Alkaloids from the roots of Kopsia Singapurensis Ridl. (Apocynaceae) and its Cytotoxic activity (IR)
The objective of this study is to extract, isolate, and elucidate the indole alkaloids from the roots of Kopsia singapurensis Ridl. collected from Kluang, Johor. The extraction process of the plant was carried out using hexane followed by dichloromethane (DCM) to yield hexane and DCM crude extracts....
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| Format: | thesis |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=1030 |
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| Summary: | The objective of this study is to extract, isolate, and elucidate the indole alkaloids from the roots of Kopsia singapurensis Ridl. collected from Kluang, Johor. The extraction process of the plant was carried out using hexane followed by dichloromethane (DCM) to yield hexane and DCM crude extracts. The isolation and purification process were performed by various chromatographic techniques namely column chromatography (CC), thin layer chromatography (TLC) and preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by using spectroscopic methods such as 1D-NMR (1H, 13C, and DEPT 135?) and 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS), and also by comparison with previous works. This study has successfully isolated eight indole alkaloids from the roots of K. singapurensis Ridl., tetrahydroalstonine, melodinine E, kopsifine, rhazinicine, kopsamine N(4)-oxide, aspidodasycarpine, kopsamine, and akuammidine. These isolated indole alkaloids were then screened for cytotoxic activity against human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell, human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell, and the normal mouse fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cell lines by using MTT assay. The kopsifine showed very strong activity, while kopsamine exhibited a moderate cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cells with Cytotoxic Dose (CD50) values of 0.9 g/mL and 6.9 g/mL, respectively. Akuammidine and rhazinicine exhibited significant cytotoxicity effects against HeLa cells with the CD50 values 2.8 g/mL and 2.9 g/mL, respectively. However, aspidodasycarpine showed a moderate cytotoxicity effects against HeLa cells with the CD50 value of 7.5 g/mL. Rhazinicine, aspidodasycarpine, and kopsifine showed high cytotoxic effects against all tested cancer cells and normal cell with CD50 values of 20.8 g/mL, 6.4 g/mL, and 20.7 g/mL, respectively. As a conclusion, these three alkaloids cannot be used as a cancer treatment drugs. The implication of the study showed that there are two indole alkaloids namely kopsamine and akuammidine which can be used as drugs to treat cancer. |
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