Phytochemical analysis of Murraya Koenigii (Rutaceae) and in Vitro Cytotoxic activity of its isolated compounds and the synthetic analogues of Girinimbine and Mahanimbine (IR)
The objectives of the study are to determine the phytochemical constituents from the bark and leaves of Murraya koenigii, to develop synthetic analogues from girinimbine and mahanimbine via Lewis acid-mediated reactions, and to evaluate cytotoxic activities. The isolation and purification of the che...
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| Format: | thesis |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=1292 |
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| Summary: | The objectives of the study are to determine the phytochemical constituents from the bark and leaves of Murraya koenigii, to develop synthetic analogues from girinimbine and mahanimbine via Lewis acid-mediated reactions, and to evaluate cytotoxic activities. The isolation and purification of the chemical compounds were done by using various chromatography methodologies. These compounds were then structurally identified by various spectroscopic techniques such as NMR, IR, UV and mass spectrometry. In vitro cytotoxic activities were evaluated against human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60), cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) and the normal mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH/3T3) cell lines via MTT assay. As the findings, phytochemical analysis on bark and leaves of M. koenigii afforded a total of 36 chemical compounds included six new carbazoles, viz., murrastanine-A, murrastinine-A, -B and -C, murrayatanine-A and bismahanimboline. Besides, two girinimbine analogues, viz., murranimbine and epoxygirinimbine; and three mahanimbine analogues, viz., bicyclomahanimbine, cyclomahanimbine and murrayazolinine, were successfully derived. Five carbazoles and two non-carbazoles have shown very strong to moderate in vitro cytotoxic activities (CD50 <20 ?g/mL) against both HL-60 and HeLa cell lines, viz., murrayafoline-A, mahanine, murrayamine-J, murrastinine-C, murrayatanine-A, ?- sitosterol and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoic acid. In conclusion, the isolated compounds from M. koenigii were found to possess potential in vitro cytotoxic activities against selected cancer cell lines. In fact, most of these results were first time reported. These findings have shown that M. koenigii is an important source for therapeutic discovery and may lead to the development of potential drugs |
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