Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menguji keberkesanan pelaksanaan Modul Jahitan Asas Flip Card(M-JsasFC) dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV) tingkatan satu di sekolahmenengah kebangsaan. M-JsasFC dibangunkan menggunakan Model Russell dan Model Dick dan Careyberdasarkan Teori Konstruktivis...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Rohani Seman
Format:	thesis
Language:	zsm
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TT Handicrafts Arts and crafts
Online Access:	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5392
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:5392
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection	UPSI Digital Repository
language	zsm
topic	TT Handicrafts Arts and crafts
spellingShingle	TT Handicrafts Arts and crafts Rohani Seman Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional
description	Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menguji keberkesanan pelaksanaan Modul Jahitan Asas Flip Card(M-JsasFC) dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV) tingkatan satu di sekolahmenengah kebangsaan. M-JsasFC dibangunkan menggunakan Model Russell dan Model Dick dan Careyberdasarkan Teori Konstruktivisme, Teori Beban Kognitif dan Model Penilaian Kirkpatrick.M-JsasFC terdiri daripada bahan bercetak flip card dan bahan multimedia berkaitan jahitan asas.Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen ujian pra dan ujian pos. Kaedahpensampelan rawak kluster digunakan bagi pemilihan sampel di zon utara dan zon timur. Respondenkajian terdiri daripada 60 orang murid kumpulan rawatan dan 60 orang murid kumpulankawalan. Proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran kumpulan rawatan menggunakan M- JsasFCmanakala kumpulan kawalan menggunakan modul sedia ada selama lapan minggu. Kajian ini jugadijalankan dalam tiga fasa iaitu fasa analisis keperluan, reka bentuk dan pembangunan modul danpenilaian keberkesanan modul. Data dikumpul melalui soal selidik, ujian pra dan ujian pos sertatemu bual separa berstruktur. Dapatan analisis ujian MANCOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan skormin yang signifikan bagi pencapaian [F(1,113) = 90.942, p
format	thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Rohani Seman
author_facet	Rohani Seman
author_sort	Rohani Seman
title	Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional
title_short	Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional
title_full	Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional
title_fullStr	Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional
title_full_unstemmed	Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional
title_sort	keberkesanan modul m-jsasfc terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas vokasional
granting_institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department	Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional
publishDate	2018
url	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5392
_version_	1747833189945049088
spelling	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:53922020-11-26 Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional 2018 Rohani Seman TT Handicrafts Arts and crafts Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menguji keberkesanan pelaksanaan Modul Jahitan Asas Flip Card(M-JsasFC) dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV) tingkatan satu di sekolahmenengah kebangsaan. M-JsasFC dibangunkan menggunakan Model Russell dan Model Dick dan Careyberdasarkan Teori Konstruktivisme, Teori Beban Kognitif dan Model Penilaian Kirkpatrick.M-JsasFC terdiri daripada bahan bercetak flip card dan bahan multimedia berkaitan jahitan asas.Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen ujian pra dan ujian pos. Kaedahpensampelan rawak kluster digunakan bagi pemilihan sampel di zon utara dan zon timur. Respondenkajian terdiri daripada 60 orang murid kumpulan rawatan dan 60 orang murid kumpulankawalan. Proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran kumpulan rawatan menggunakan M- JsasFCmanakala kumpulan kawalan menggunakan modul sedia ada selama lapan minggu. Kajian ini jugadijalankan dalam tiga fasa iaitu fasa analisis keperluan, reka bentuk dan pembangunan modul danpenilaian keberkesanan modul. Data dikumpul melalui soal selidik, ujian pra dan ujian pos sertatemu bual separa berstruktur. Dapatan analisis ujian MANCOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan skormin yang signifikan bagi pencapaian [F(1,113) = 90.942, p 2018 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5392 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5392 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional Abd Wahid Mukhari, & Zawani Mohamed (2010). Persepsi pelajar tingkatan dua terhadappelaksanaan projek kerja kursus dalam matapelajaran Kemahiran Hidup Bersepadu (Ekonomi RumahTangga) di sekolah daerah Manjung, Perak. Jurnal Pendidikan, 110.Abdul Hadi, M.D., Chong, T.S., Fook, F. S. (2005). Animasi 3D digital: Alatan Kognitif bagi meningkatkan prestasi visualisasi mental dalam pendidikan untuk pembangunan lestari.Jurnal Pendidikan.Abdullah Abdul Rahman (2014). Kesan Video Bernarasi Dalam Pembelajaran BerasaskanMultimedia Untuk Meningkatkan Kemahiran Psikomotor Bagi Pelajar Yang Berbeza KebolehanSpatial Dan Jantina. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan:Universiti Sains Malaysia.Abdullah Mat Rashid, Mohd Ibrahim Nazri & Ramlah Hamzah (2008). Pendidikan Teknik danVokasional: Suatu Persepktif Umum. Serdang: Penerbit UPM.Abu Bakar Nordin (1986). Asas penilaian pendidikan. Sri Maktab Perguruan. Petaling Jaya: LongmanMalaysia Sdn. Bhd.Abu Bakar Nordin (1987). Developing a scale in effective domain: A procedural model.Terbitan Tak Berkala 5. Bangi. Fakulti Pendidikan, UKM.Abu Zahari Abu Bakar (1997). Psikologi gaya pembelajaran: Petaling Jaya. Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd.Adesoji, F. A. (2008). Managing student's attitude towards science through problem solvinginstructional strategy. Department of Teacher Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.Anthropologist 10 (1): 21-24.Agbo, D., Akpan, A., & Odeh, O. A. (2015). Utilizing ICT to improve students interest in clothingfor enhanced creativity and Entrepreneurship for Home Economics.Ahmad Rafaai Ayudin, Zahar a Aziz dan Abdul Razaq Ahmad. (2010). Penilaian keberkesananpengajaran sejarah terhadap pencapaian matlamat pembelajaran, kesediaan belajar, kefahaman konsepdan pemikiran Sejarah. Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan Siswazah, Bangi. UKM. 1(5): 297-304.Ahmad Tajudin Jab. (2005). Panduan Ringkas: Pembangunan Kurikulum Teknik danVokasional. Putra Jaya: Jabatan Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional, KPM.Ahmad Tajudin Jab (2007). Panduan Ringkas: Pembangunan Kurikulum Teknik dan Vokasional. BahagianKurikulum Teknik Dan Vokasional. Putra Jaya: Jabatan Pendidikan Teknikal dan Vokasional, KPM.Ahmad Tajudin Jab (2011). Transformasi Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional. Utusan Malaysia, 18 Julai2011.Aida Suraya Md.Yunus & Wan Zah Wan Ali. (2009). Motivation in the Learning of Mathematics. EuropeanJournal of Social Sciences 7(4): 93-101.Akay, H. and N. Boz, (2009). The effect of problem posing oriented calculus-IIinstruction on academic success. Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society. Korean Math. Soc.Seoul 13(2): 75-90.Akay, H. and N. Boz. (2010). The effect of problem posing oriented analyses- II course on the attitudes towards mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy of elementary prospectivemathematics teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education35 (1): 57-75.Akpinar, E. & Ergin, O. (2008). Fostering primary school students understanding of cells and otherrelated concepts with interactive computer animation instruction accompanied by teacher andstudent prepared concept maps. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching (1): 1-10,Article 10.Alexandra Velazquez-Marcano, Vickie M. Williamson, Guy Ashkenazi, Roy Tasker & Kenneth C.Williamson. (2004). The use of video demonstrations and particulate animation in GeneralChemistry. Journal of Science Education and Technology 13(3): 244-253.Alias Baba. (1992). Statistik untuk penyelidikan dalam pendidikan dan sains sosial.Bangi: Penerbit UKM.Al-Shabatat, M. Ahmad, Abbas, M., & Ismail, H. Nizam. (2010). The Direct and IndirectEffects of the Achievement Motivation on Nurturing Intellectual Giftedness. InternationalJournal of Human and Social Sciences 5(9): 580-588.Alliger, G. M., & Janak, E. A. (1989). Kirkpatricks levels of training criteria: thirty yearslater. Personnel Psychology, 42, pp.331342. [11] Gallagher. M. (2000). Corporate universities.Higher education and the future: Emerging policy issues. Paper presented at the CorporateUniversity We.Alliger, G., & Janak E.A. (1989). Kirpatricks levels of training criteria: Thirty yearslater. Personnel Psychology, 42, 111.Amani Dahaman (2014). Pembangunan Modul m-Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Institut PendidikanGuru. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan:Universiti Malaya.Aminah Ayob. (2005). Nota Syarahan Umum Pembelajaran Berasaskan Minda Dan Implikasi nya DalamPendidikan. Pulau Pinang. Dewan Budaya, USM.Ananda Kumar, P. (2007). SPSS untuk penyelidikan pendidikan. Puchong, Selangor: Scholar Press (M)Sdn. Bhd.Ang Chai Ting, & Lee Lay Wah. (2016). Aplikasi modul pendidikan kesihatan reproduktif.Pulau Pinang: Penerbit USM.Ang Chai Ting. (2014). Pendidikan Seksualiti Masalah Pembelajaran Peringkat Menengah: SatuKajian Berasaskan Analisis Keperluan. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan:Universiti Sains Malaysia.Anjali Venkatesh Deshpande (2010). Use of Educational Technology in Engineering Education AComputer Assisted Instruction (Multimedia) Package for Engineering Students. WSEASTransactions On Advances In Engineering Education 7(8): 245-254.Arlett, C., Lamb, F., Dales, R., Willis, L. & Hurdle, E. (2010). Meeting the needs of industry: The drivers for change in engineering education.Engineering Education: Journal of theHigher Education Academy 5(2): 18-25.Asiah Abd. Rahman (1996). Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah. Kemahiran Hidup BersepaduTeras Tingkatan 1. 1996. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.Asnul Dahar Minghat, Ruhiza n M.Yasin, Kamalularifin Subari, & Muhammad Khair Noordin (2013).Strategi Kelasterian Pembangunan Pendidikan Teknikal dan Vokasional (PTV). 2ndInternational Seminar on Quality and Affordable Education (ISQAE 2013) (Isqae), 112.Athman, J. A., & Monroe, M. C. (2004). The Effects of environment-based education on students'achievement motivation. Journal of Interpretive Research 9 (1): 9- 25Ayotola Aremu & Abiodun Sangodoyin. (2010). Computer animation and the academic achievement ofNigerian Senior Secondary School Students in Biology. Journal of the Research Center forEducational Technology (RCET) 6 (2) : 148-161.Azalli A. Razak (2009). Persepsi Murid Terhadap Pembelajaran Pendidikan Seni Visual di Sekolah:Satu Kajian Kes di Sebuah Sekolah di Pulau Pinang. (Tesis SarjanaMuda OUM. Kuala Lumpur).Azaman Ishar, Ramlee Mustapha & Shafie Shamuddin. (2009). Kajian tinjauan terhadappermasalahan pengajaran dan pembelajaran lukisan kejuruteraan menurut persepsi guru. Seminar Kebangsaan Pendidikan Teknik Dan Vokasional Kali Ke-3 (TVE09). Skudai. FakultiPendidikan, UTM.Azaman Ishar, Ramlee Mustapha & Shafie Shamuddin. (2010). Kajian tinjauan terhadappermasalahan pengajaran dan pembelajaran lukisan kejuruteraan menurut persepsi guru dan pelajar. 15th International Conference On Education. Brunei. Institut Pendidikan SultanHassanal Bolkiah, UBD.Azaman Ishar (2012). Kesan inovasi MTEP dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran LukisanKejuruteraan dalam kalangan pelajar tingkatan empat di Sekolah Menengah Teknik. Disertasiyang tidak diterbitkan: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Azidah Abu Ziden, Iissham Ismail, Siti Norbaya Azizan, & Rohani Seman (2011).Information seeking through internet: A case study Of trainee teachers in Malaysia.International Journal of Educational Science and Research (IJESR), 1(2), 116. Retrieved fromhttp://www.tjprc.org/download.php?fname=2-49- 1321942732-abs-Information Seeking ThroughInternet.pdfAzizi Yahaya, R. A. M. (2000). Penilaian terhadap keberkesanan pelaksanaan program lukisankejuruteraan dari aspek pengajaran dan pembelajaran. National Seminar In Education.Azizi Yahaya, Fawziah Yahaya, Zurihanmi Zakaria & Noordin Yahaya. (2005).Pembangunan kendiri. Skudai: Penerbit UTM.Azizi Yahaya, Shahrin Hashim, Jamaludin Ramli, Yusof Boon & Abdul Rahim Hamdan. (2007).Menguasai penyelidikan dalam pendidikan: Teori, analisa & interpretasi data. Ed Ke 2. KL: PTSProfessional Publishing Sdn Bhd.Azlin Mokhtar, & Suhaida Abdul Kadir (2013). Personaliti dan minat kerjaya murid dalam bidangTeknikal dan Vokasional di zon pudu, Kuala Lumpur. Seminar Pasca Siswazah Dalam Pendidikan (GREDUC2013), (Greduc).Bahagian Kurikulum Pendidikan Teknikal Dan Vokasional (BKPTV).(2002). Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah. Lukisan Kejuruteraan Tingkatan 4 Dan 5. Putra Jaya.JPT, KPM.Bahagian Kurikulum Pendidikan Teknikal Dan Vokasional (BKPTV). (2006).TechSBIte Bank Item Mata Pelajaran Teknikal Dan Vokasional. Putra Jaya.JPT, KPM.Bahagian Pendidikan Guru (BPG). (2009). Standard guru malaysia. BPG. Putra Jaya. KPM. Bahagian Pengurusan Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional. (2003). Maklumat, Panduan & Borangpermohonan kemasukan ke Sekolah Teknik & Vokasional Tahun 2003. Putra Jaya: JPT, KPM.Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan (BPPDP) (2006). Kajian perlaksanaanmata pelajaran lukisan kejuruteraan dan teknologi kejuruteraan di sekolah menengah akademik.Ringkasan Eksekutif Kajian-Kajian, Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan2000-2004. Putrajaya, 166 175.Badiee, M., Wang, S., & Creswell, J. W. (2012). Designing community-based mixed methods research.In Qualitative strategies for ethnocultural research (pp. 41 67).Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.Barak M, & Dori Y, J. 2005. Enhancing undergraduate students chemistryunderstanding through project-based learning in an IT environment. Sciens Education 89(1):117139.Bartlett, K. R. (1999). The Relationship Between Training and Organizational Commitmentin the Health care Field. University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. Unpublished Ph.D.Dissertation. [16] Kirkpatrick, D. L. (1994). Evaluating training programs: The four levels.San Franci.Bernama (2011). Program Asas Vokasional di 15 buah sekolah harian terpilih mulai 2013. mstaronline.Bodemer, D., Ploetzner, R., Feuerlein, I., & Spada, H. (2004). The active integration ofinformation during learning with dynamic and interactive visualizations. Learning andInstruction 14: 325341.Books, J.G. & Books, M. (1993). In Search Of Understanding: The case forConstructivist Classrooms. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and CurriculumDevelopment (ASCD).Borich, G. D. (1999). Observation Skills for Effective Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice- Hall, Inc.Brandusa P, R. (2010.) Inovative Pedagogical Intervention Strategies and Social SoftwareTechnologies in an e- Learning Project Initiated by the University Politehnica ofBucharest (Faculty of Applied Sciences). WSEAS TransactionsOn Advances In Engineering Education 7(1) : 89-108.Brian Matthews (2012). The effects of direct and problem base learning instruction in anundergraduate introductory engineering graphics course. Uma tica para quantos?Brian W. Westhoff, Daniel Bergman & Jeri Carroll. (2011). The Effects of Computer Animations onHigh School Students Performance and Engagement in Biology. Proceedings of the 6th Annual GRASPSymposium. Wichita State University.Briner M (1999). Online. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2Brinkerhoff, R. O. (2005). The Success Case Method: A strategic evaluation approach to increasingthe value and effect of training. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 7(1), pp.86 - 101.Brisbourne, M., Chin, S., Melnyk, E. & Begg, D. (2002). Using web-based animations to teachhistology. The Anatomical Record 269 : 1119.Bristwistle, G., & Moore, C. (2007). Fshion clothing- where does it all end up?.International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 35 (3), 210216.Campanella S., G. Dimauro, A. Ferrante, D. Impedovo, S. Impedovo , M. G.Lucchese,R. Modugno, G. Pirlo, L. Sarcinella, E. Stasolla, C. A. Trullo. (2008). E-learning platforms in the Italian Universities: The technological solutions at the University of Bari.WSEAS Transactions on Advances in Engineering Education 1(5):12-19.Campbell, D. T. & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research.Chicago, Illinois: Rand McNally.Chen, I. (2005). Cognitive Constructivist Theories.Dimuat turun pada 10 September 2010, daripadahttp://pdts.uh.edu/-ichen/ebook/ET-IT/cognitive.htm.Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2003). E-Learning and the science of instruction:Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Education. 31 (3): 217218.Cohen, L., Manion, L. & Morrison, K. (2000). Research methods in education . Ed. ke-5. London: Routledge Falmer.Collins, C. J., Hanges, P. J. & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of achievement motivation toentrepreneurial behaviour: A meta-analysis, Human Performance17: 95117.Colton, D & Covert, R. W. (2007). Designing and constructing instruments for socialresearch and evaluation. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.Conner, L., & Gunstone, R. (2004). Conscious knowledge of learning: Accessing learningstrategies in a final year high school biology class. International Journal of ScienceEducation 26 (12): 1427-1443.Cook, M. P. (2006). Visual representations in science education: the influence of prior knowledgeand cognitive load theory on instructional design principles. Science Education 90 (6):10731091.Cook, T.D. and Campbell, D.T. (1979).Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis for field settings.Chicago, Illinois: Rand McNally.Cooper, G. (1998). Research into cognitive load theory and instructional design at UNSW.Australia: University Of New South Wales.Craig Errey, Paul Ginns & Claudia Pitts. (2006). Cognitive load theory and userinterface design: making software easy to learn and use. The performance tech.group.http://www.ptg-global.com/papers/psychology/cognitive-load- theory.cfm. [25 Feb 2010].Craig Jimenez (2006). A Media-Based Engineering Design Teaching Tool: MITs EDICS.Innovations in Engineering Education. Proceedings of the ASEE New England Section 2006.Creswell, J. W. & Clark, V. L. P. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. ThousandOaks: Sage Publications.Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design:Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches. (V.Knight, Ed.) (4th ed.). California: SAGE Publications.Creswell, J.W. (2008.) Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches . Edke-3. USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.Cronbach, L. J. (1970). Essentials of psychological testing. Ed. ke3. New York:De Camargo Ribeiro, L. R.(2008). Electrical engineering students evaluate problem- based learning (PBL). International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education 45(2): 152161.Dewan Rakyat. (2011). Transformasi Pendidikan Teknik Vokasional.Devlin Theta. (2008). Penyelesaian masalah. http://www.geocities.com/devlintheta/SINOPSIS_penyelesaian_masalah.htm. [23 Jun 2009]Laitala, K., & Boks, C. (2012). Sustanable clothing design: Use matter. Journal ofDesign Research, 10, 121139.Laitala, K., & Boks, C, & Klepp, I. (2011). Pontential for enviroments in laundering.International Journal of Consumer Studies, 35, 254-264.LaRue-Huget, J. (2010). Bring back home exl Washington Post. Retrived fromhttp://voices.washingtonpost.com/checkup/2010/05/bring_back_home_ec.htmlLee, Cheryl L. (2005). Assessing Clothing Construction Skills of Family and Consumer SciencesEducation Student Teachers. Vol. 23. No. 2. New York: Journal of Family and Consumer SciencesEducation 45(2): 152161.Dick & Carey (2007). Learning Theories:ADDIE Model.Retrieve on 9 Mac 2008 fromhttp://www.learning-theories.com/addie-model.html.Dick ,W., & Reiser, R.A. (1989). Planning efective instruction. Prentice-Hall.Dick, M.H. (1994.) An Instructional designers view of constructivism. Educational Technology41-44.Dick, W. & Cary, L. (1990). The systematic design of instruction. Ed ke-3. HarperCollins Harper & Row, Publisher, Inc.Drucker Peter Find, Collins, J. Kotler, P. Kouzes, J. Rodin, J. Rangan, & V. K.Hesselbein F. (2008). The five most importhant questions you will ever ask about your organization.San Francisco.Ebenezer, J. V. (2001). A hypermedia environment to explore and negotiate students conceptionsanimation of the solution process of table salt. Journal of Science Education and Technology 10(1):7392.Effandi Zakaria and Norulbiah Ngah. (2011). A Preliminary Analysis of StudentsProblem-Posing Ability and its Relationship to Attitudes Towards Problem Solving. ResearchJournal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 3(9): 866-870.Effand Zakaria, Norazah Mohd Nordin dan Sabri Ahmad. (2007). Trend pengajarandan pembelajaran matematik. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd.Effandi Zakaria. (2003). Kesan pembelajaran koperatif ke atas pelajar dalam kelasMatematik Matrikulasi. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: Bangi. UKM.Elaine Maria Leite Rangel, Isabel Amlia Costa Mendes, Evelin Capellari Crnio, L., & MariaMarchi Alves, S. D. G. & J. D. A. C. (2010). Development, implementation, and assessmentof a distance module in endocrine physiology. Advance In Physiology Education.Fadzilah Hj Amzah (2007). Pembinaan Modul Pengajaran Sajak Berlandaskan Pendekatan ResponsPembaca. Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah, Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan : Universiti Malaya,2007).Faizah A.Karim, Rafidah Sinone, Juliyana Baharudin, Norashikin Sahadan. (2005). Keperluanpembelajaran berasaskan multimedia bagi subjek sistem elektronik 1: satu kajian rintis diPoliteknik Pasir Gudang (PJB).Seminar Pendidikan (2005), Skudai. UTM.Farahiyah Murni Harun (2013). Keyakinan diri pelajar Diploma Pendidikan Lepasan Ijazah DiUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Terhadap ICT. Fakulti Pendidikan Teknikal DanVokasional.Faridah Mariani Johari, Widad Othman, Ismail, H. N., & Zainudin Isa (2014). Isu dan cabaranpelaksanaan Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV) di sekolah menengah harian, Malaysia. In Conference onProfessional Development in Education (pp. 19).Fisher, T., Cooper, T., Woodward, S., Hiller, A., & Gowork, H. (2008). Publicunderstanding of suitnable clothing: A report to the Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs, Defra, London.Gagne, R. M., & Driscoll, M. P. (1988). Essentials of learning for instructions (2nd ed.) EnglewoodCliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Gardner, H. (1999). Multiple intelligences for the 21st century, New York?: Sage.G. Kabouridis. (2010). An innovative approach to face the first-year mechanicalengineering st students conceptual difficulties in engineering design.1 WIETE Annual Conferenceon Engineering and Technology Education 2010 WIETE Pattaya, Thailand, 22-25 February 2010.Glosari Teknologi Pendidikan KPM (1995). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan staka.Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (1990). Educational psychology: A realistic approach. Edke-4. White Plains, NY: Longman.Gunes, M. H., & elikler, H. (2010). The investigation of effects of modelling and computerassisted instruction on academic achievements. The International Journal of EducationalResearchers 1(1): 20-27.Hagit Yarden & Anat Yarden. (2010a.) Learning using dynamic and static isualizations: Students comprehension, prior knowledge and conceptual status of a biotechnological method.Journal Research in Science Education 40 (3): 375- 402Hagit Yarden & Anat Yarden. (2010b). Studying biotechnological methods using animations:The teachers role. Journal of Science Education and Technology.Halimatun, & M.S. (2011). Kepimpinan instruksional menjana generasi kreatif dan inovatif.Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, (125).Hairani Haris & T. Subahan . (2008). Pembinaan modul pengajaran pembelajaran berasaskanotak dalam biologi dengan menggunakan model reka bentuk kurikulum mengundur. RingkasanEksekutif Penyelidikan Siswazah . Jil.1(2). UKM.Haner, A. H., & Yalin, N. (2009). The effect of computer-based learning based upon theconstructivist approach in science education on problem solving skills. University ofGazi, Faculty of Education Journal 29 (1): 55-72.Hannafin, M. J., Hannafin, K. M., Hooper, S. R, Rieber, L. P., & Kini, A. S. (1996). Research onand research with emerging technologies. Dalam D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research forEducational Communications nd Technology, NY: Simon & Schuster MacMillan. 755-794.Harery Abu Saad (2007). Perkaitan penghayatan akhlak, sikap terhadap Sains, pencapaian dan pemilihan kerjaya di kalangan pelajar dalam konteks pembangunan modul insanbersepadu dalam bidang Sains da Teknologi di SMKA. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: UKM.Hazel, H. (2007). Art School: How to Paint & Draw; A Complete On Pratical & CreativeTechniques. Hermes House, Annes Publishing Ltd. London.Hegarty M. (2004). Dynamic visualizations and learning: getting to the difficultquestions. Learn Instruction 14(1): 343351.Hegart , M., Kriz, S., & Cate, C. (2003). The roles of mental animations and externalanimations in understanding mechanical systems. Cognition & Instruction 21(2): 325360.Heinich, P. (1996). Instructional media and the new technologies of instruction. New York:Macmillan.Heinich, R., Molenda, M., Russell, J. D.,& Smaldino, S. E. (1999). Instructional media andtechnologies for learning. Ed ke-6. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.Hennessy. S, Deaney. R, & Ruthven. K,. (2006) Situated expertise in integrating use of multimediasimulation into secondar y science teaching. International Journal Sciens Educations 28(7):701732.Heo, M., & Chow, A. (2005). The impact of computer augmented online learning and assessment tool.Educational Technology & Society 8 (1): 113-125.Hmelo, C., & Day, R. (1999.) Contextualised questioning to scaffold learning fromsimulations. Computers and Education 32 (1): 151164.Hoffler. T. N, & Leutner. D. (2007). Instructional animation versus static pictures: ameta-analysis. Learn Instruction 17(6): 722738.Holzinger, A., Kickmeier-Rust, M., & Albert, D. (2008). Dynamic media in computer scienceeducation; content complexity and learning performance: is less more? Educational Technology &Society 11 (1): 279-290.Howe, M. (2002). Learning infants and young children, California: Stanford University Press.Ibrahim Ahmad, Baharuddin Aris, & Jamalludin Harun (2004). Pembangunan perisian multimediaberasaskan proses pembelajaran berasaskan masalah dalam subjek sains komputer.PersidanganAntarabangsa Pertama UPSI-UPI. Kuala Lumpur.Ibrahim Ahmad, Baharuddin Aris, & Jamalludin Harun (2002). Pembangunan perisian multimediaberasaskan proses pembelajaran berasaskan masalah dalam subjek sains komputer. Disertasi yang tidakditerbitkan: UTM.Ibrahim Bilgin and Erol Karakirik. (2005). A computer based problem solving environmentin Chemistr y. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology 4: 2-3.Irene Chong Moi Moi. (1997). Motivasi pencapaian, sifat takut kepada kegagalan dikalangan pelajar teknik dan bukan teknik. Tesis Sarjana. Serdang. UPM.Ishak Ramly (2003). Inilah Kurikulum Sekolah. PTS Publications & Distributor Sdn.Bhd: Pahang.Ismail Sabri Norihan, Rohana Hamzah, & Amirmudin Udin (2011). Kemantapan Penerapan Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan Teras Kemenjadian Guru Pendidikan Teknik DanVokasional. Journal of Edupres, 1 (September), 357363. Retrieved from http://eprints.utm.my/17085/1/JOE-1-2011-043.pdfIsmail, S. (2010). Pembangunan Perisian Pembelajaran Berbantukan Komputer (PBK): Proses menjahit(Kelim) berdasarkan Sukatan Pelajaran Pakaian Dan Fabrik tahun satu Sarjana MudaTeknologi Pendidikan (Kemahiran Hidup). Jurnal Pendidikan, 17.Ismail Ibrahim. (2009). Pembinaan modul pengajaran bagi pengembangan nilai dalam topik elektrokimiauntuk murid Tingkatan Empat . Tesis Sarjana. Kuala Lumpur. Universiti Malaya.Ismail Zain. (2002). Aplikasi multimedia dalam pengajaran. KL. Utusan Publications & DistributorsSdn. Bhd.Ismail Zain. (2010). Pendidikan bertaraf dunia ke arah pembestarian dalam prosespengajaran dan pembelajaran. http://www.ppdbesut.net/nuke/rencana /ptd.pdf. [22 Oktober 2010].Ivana Simonova, P. P. & M. B. (2010). Information and Communication Technologies in the Processof Instruction: StudentsCommunication in On-line Courses. Wseas Transactions On Advances InEngineering Education.Jabatan Penerangan Malaysia (2009). Enam Bidang Keberhasilan Utama Negara(NKRA).Jabatan Perdana Menteri (2008). Perspektif Wawasan 2020. Retrieved fromhttp://pmr.penerangan.gov.my/index.php/maklumat-kenegaraan/255- perspektif-wawasan-2020.htmlJamalludin Harun & Zaidatun Tasir. (2003). Multimedia dalam pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: PTSPublication & Distributors Sdn Bhd.Jamaludin Ahmad, Sidek Mohd Noah, Rusnani Abdul Kadir & Shamsuddin Ahmad (2004). Keberkesananpenggunaan modul program maju diri ke atas motivasi pencapaian di kalangan pelajar sekolah menengahdi Negeri Selangor. Jurnal PERKAMA . 11: 15-36.Jamaludin Ahmad. (2002). Kesahan, kebolehpercayaan dan keberkesanan modulprogram maju diri ke atas motivasi pencapaian di kalangan pelajar -pelajar Sekolah Menengah Negeri Selangor. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: Serdang.UPM.Jamaludin Ahmad, Sidek Mohd Noah, Rusnani Abd. Kadir, & Hamsuddin Ahmad. (2005).Keberkesanan modul program maju diri ke atas motivasi pencapaian di kalangan pelajar sekolahmenengah di negeri Selangor. Universiti Putra Malaysia, (220). Retrieved fromhttp://www.ipbl.edu.my/portal/penyelidikan/ seminarpapers/2005/sidekUPM.pdf.Jamieson, L., & Lohmann, J. (2009). Creating a culture for scholarly and systematic innovation inengineering education: Ensuring U.S. engineering has the right people with the right talent for aglobal society. Washington, DC: American Society for Engineering Education.Jeffrey J. Heys. (2011). Chemical Engineering Problem Solving: How Important IsPersistence?. American Society for Engineering Education. Montana State University.Jinlu Wu (2009). Linking assessment questions to a research article to stimulate self- directedlearning and develop high-order cognitive skills in an undergraduate module of molecular genetics.CBE, Life Sciences Educatio 8(1):283-290.Johari Bin Zuraimi. (2005). Mechanical properties of high strength concrete at high temperatureloading. Tesis Sarjana. Skudai. UTM .Johari Surif, Nor Hasniza Ibrahim & Mohamad Yusof Arshad. (2005). Pembangunan dan keberkesananperisian multimedia berdasarkan teori konstruktivisme dalam mempelajari konsep traffic sign,pengajian kejuruteraan awam. Jabatan Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik, Fakulti Pendidikan,Skudai. UTM.Jones, K. R. (1993). Outcomes Analysis?: Methods and issues. Journal of NursingEconomics, 3, 111.Juairiah Johari. (1996). Kajian perancangan dan perlaksanaan khidmat sokongan bagi kelasbermasalah pembelajaran di sebuah sekolah rendah di negeri Selangor Darul Ehsan. LatihanIlmiah Sarjana Muda Pendidikan Khas.UKM.Kamariah Abu Bakar, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub, Rohani Ahmad Tarmizi. (2010). Utilization ofComputer Technology in Learning Transformation. International Journal Of Education And InformationTechnologies 4(2): 91-99.Kamarizan Ya. (2004). Faktor-faktor berkaitan pencapaian mata pelajaran LukisanKejuruteraan di kalangan pelajar Sekolah Menengah Teknik Di Zon BaratNegeri Pahang Darul Makmur. Tesis Sarjana. Serdang. UPM.Kamarudin Abu Hassan (2006). Pendekatan penerapan nilai Islam bersepadu dalam model reka bentukperisian multimedia pendidikan subjek Geografi Tingkatan6. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Kamaruzzaman Ismail, Norazah Mohd Nordin & Ramlee Mustapha (2009). Pembangunan danpenilaian perisian bahasa perancis asas berasaskan laman web. Ringkasan EksekutifPenyelidikan Siswazah. Fakulti Pendidikan, UKM 2(4):65-70.Kamdi bin Kamil. (1990a). Keberkesanan program pengayaan alam dan manusia secara bermoduluntuk murid-murid pencapaian tinggi Tahun Lima. Tesis Sarjana. Penang. USM.Kamdi Kamil. (1990b.) Potensi Modul Sebagai Bahan penggayaan kendiri dalam mata pelajaran alam danmanusia. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru KPM 6: 4-35Kamisah, Zanaton, & Laila (2007). Sikap terhadap Sains dan sikap saintifik di kalangan pelajarSains. Jurnal Pndidikan UKM, 32, 120.Kamus Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka. (2000). Ed Ke-3. K.Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.Kasran Mat Jiddin (2004). Pembinaan modul pengujian teknik mewarna catan lat A guru bukan opsyenkuan-kual mixed method. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: Universiti Sains Malaysia.Katrin Soika, Priit Reiska & Rain Mikser. (2010). The importance of animation as a visual method inlearning Chemistry. Tallinn University, Estonia.Kelly, R. M., & Jones, L. L. (2007). Exploring how different features of animations of sodiumchloride dissolution affect students explanations. Journal of Science Education andTechnology 16(5): 413-429.Kemal Doymus, Ataman Karacop & Umit Simsek. (2010). Effects of jigsaw and animationtechniques on students understanding of concepts and subjects in electrochemistr y.Education Tech Research Dev 58: 671691.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2001). Pembelajaran secara konstruktivisme.Kuala Lumpur: Pusat Perkembangan Kurikulum. KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2012). Rasional Kolej Vokasional.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2013). Laporan Tahunan Pelan PembangunanPendidikan Malaysia 2013.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2015). Keputusan Peperiksaan UPSR.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (1998). Modul Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran PendidikanSeni Visual. KBSR. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Kim, S., Yoon, M., Whang, S.M., Tversky, B., & Morrison, J. B. (2007). The effect of animation oncomprehension and interest. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 23: 260270.Kirkpatrick, D. L., Kirkpatrick, J. D. (2006). Evaluating training programs: The four levels (3rded.). San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Model.Krulik, S., & Rudnick J A. (1996). Teaching reasioning and problem solving in junior and seniorhigh school. MA: Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Laurent. R., Benoit. O., Michel. G., Steve. B., & Eric.C., (2010). Improvingcommunication using 3d animation . Canada. Ecole Polytechnique de Montral, Montral.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia (2009). Laporan Peperiksaan SPM KPM.Lim, S., Zainal, A., Wong, S.K. dan Ling, L. I. (2000). Kemahiran Hidup Bersepadu (teras + ERT)Tingkatan 1,2,3. Pertaling Jaya: Sasbadi Sdn. Bhd.Lin, C. (2009). A comparison study of web-based and traditional instruction onpreservice teachers knowledge of fractions. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education 9 (3). http://www.citejournal.org/vol9/iss3/mathematics/article1.cfm. [25 Mac 2010]Lis Christopher, & Amirmudin, R. (2011). Transformasi Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasionalmembentuk pemimpin masa depan.Lufti. (2005). Influence-based learning problem solving which interfered with the conceptmap against student learning results. Journal of Learning 21: 4358.Majzub, R.M & Yusuf, M. (2010). Investigating Relationship between Self-efficancy AchievementMotivation and Learning Straegies of UKM Undegraduated Students. th Proceeding of the 6 WSEASInternational Conference on Advanced Educational 187-190.Manuela Panoiu, Anca Iordan,Caius Panoiu & Loredana Ghiorghioni. (2009).Educational Software for Teaching the Basics of Computer Science. WseasTransactions On Advances In Engineering Education 12(6): 478-487.Marc A. Rosen (2009). Engineering Education: Future Trends and Advances.Proceedings of the 6 th WSEAS International Conference on Engineering Education. Jurnal ofEngineering Education, 4452.Marrianne Abib-Pech. (2013). The financial time guide to leardership: How to leadeffectively and get result. Pearson Education, Inc, 1.Marzia Pisciotta, Bruno Vello, Claudio Bordo & Giovanna Morgavi.(2010). Robots as learning toolsin a vocational school. WSEAS Transactions On Advances In Engineering Education 4(7):129-138.McClean P, Johnson C, Rogers R, Daniels L, Reber J, Slator BM, Terpstra J, White A (2005).Molecular and cellular biology animations: development and impact on student learning. CellBioliogy Educations 4:169179Md. Nasir & Iberahim, H. (2003). Pendidikan Seni Untuk Maktab dan Universiti. PTS Publications &Distributor Sdn. Bhd: Pahang.Memartabatkan Profesion Keguruan (2006). Pelan Induk Pembangunan Pendidikan 2006-2010.Miller, N. (1996). Education and training at the Ford Motor Company, in Smith, C.S. and Ferrier,F. (Eds), The Economic Impact of Vocational Education and Training, AGPS, Canberra, pp.197-201.Mills, J. E., & Treagust, D. F. (2003). Engineering Education: Is problem-based orprojectbased learning the answer. Australasian Journal of Engineering Education,216.Mohd. Majid Konting. (2005). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa danPustaka.Mohd Safarin Nordin (2008). Kaedah pengajaran lukisan kejuruteraan menggunakan pendekatanserentak-pemodelan bongkah 3d untuk meningkatkan kemahiran visualisasi pelajar. Disertasi yangtidak diterbitkan: UTM.Mohd Safarin Nordin (2009). Kesan Kaedah Pengajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan Menggunakan Pendekatan Serentak Pemodelan Bongkah Tiga Dimensi Terhadap Kemahiran VisualisasiPelajar. Mohd Safarin Bin Nordin 2009. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Mohd Tahir, Lokman. Mustaffa, Nurul Qistin dan Mohd Yassin, M. H. (2009). PendidikanTeknik dan Vokasional. Jurnal Pendidik Dan Pendidikan, Jilid 24,7387.Montgomery, B. (2006). Redefining Sewing as an Educational Experience in Middle and High Schools.Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 98, 4753.Munir. T. (2008). Environmental Problem Solving In Learning Chemistry For High SchoolStudents. Journal Of Applied Sciences In Environmental Sanitations 3(1): 47-50.Mustafa Bakac, Aslihan Kartal Tasoglu & Turgay Akbay. (2011). The Effect of ComputerAssisted Instruction with Simulatio in Science and Physics Activities on the Success of Student:Electric Current. Eurasian Journal of Physics and Chemistry Education 34-42.Mustafa Koc. (2005). Implications of Learning Theories for Effective TechnologyIntegration and Pre-service Teacher Training: A Critical Literature Review. Journal ofTurkish Science Education 2(1): 2-18Muthiah Selliah Palanichamy & S Arulselvan. (2009). Effective usage of ICT in promotinglivelihood programmes: The Tamil Nadu Open University experience. Tamil Nadu OpenUniversity, Chennai, India.Myers, A & Hansen, C.H. (2005). Experimental psychology. New Edition. USA: CengageLearning.Naziroh Ibrahim (2014). Kesan Modul Penulisan Intensif dan berterusan terhadap kemahiranbacaan dan tulisan Jawi dalam kalangan murid Pemulihan Jawi Sekolah Rendah. Disertasi yangtidak diterbitkan: Universiti Sains Malaysia.Nik Azis Nik Pa (1999). Pendekatan Konstruktivisme Radikal Dalam PendidikanMatematik.Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Universiti Malaya.Noor Azlina (2012). Perintis Program Asas Vokasional.Noor Erma Abu, & Leong Kwan Eu (2014). Hubungan antara sikap, minat, pengajaran guru dan pengaruhrakan sebaya terhadap pencapaian Matematik tingkatan 4. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik,2(1), 110.Nor Effyza Roslan (2013). Pelaksanaan Transformasi Program Pendidikan Asas Vokasional DiSekolah Menengah Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.Nor Fadhila Mohd Amin, & Emy Mastura Zulkifli (2010). Pembangunan perisian multimediaberkongsepkan Teori Konstruktivisme bagi lukisan tangen. Fakultipendidikan Skudai: UTM.Nor Fadila Binti Mohd. Amin. (1999). Persepsi guru terhadap cabaran pelaksanaan matapelajaran elektif KBSM Lukisan Kejuruteraan di Sekolah Menengah Atas.Thesis Sarjana.Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Nor Rahimah Abu Bakar. (2002). Penilaian Kuantitatif Buku Teks (Rujukan Sains).Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Tidak Diterbitkan.Norhashim Abu Samah, Mazenah Youp & Rose Alinda Alias. (1996). Pengajaran BantuanKomputer. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka & UTM.Norizah @ Norazah Mohd Nordin. (2002). Pembangunan dan keberkesanan pakej multimediaberasaskan pendekatan hibrid dalam mata pelajaran matematik (Matriks) tingkatan 4 sekolahbestari. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: UKM.Normah Zainal. (2002). Pembinaan dan pelaksanaan modul pengajaran dan pembelajaranmengenai laman web yang disepadukan dengan subjek Geografi Fizikal. Tesis Sarjana. UKM.Norusis, M. J. (1977). SPSS professional statistic 7.5. North Michigan Avenue, Chicago.Norfishah Mat Rabi. (2014). Animasi grafik?: Inovasi dalam pembelajaran bahasa kanak-kanakAutistik. Proceedings of the International Conference Teaching and Learning (ICTL 2014), (May2014), 111.Noraini Mohamed Noh, Norazilawati Abdullah, & Mahizer Hamzah (2014). Keinovatifandan hubunganya dengan kesediaan guru menerima teknologi baru dalam pengajaran. In Proceedings ofthe International Conference Teaching and Learning (ICTL 2014) (pp. 17).Norfishah Mat Rabi (2014). Animasi grafik?: Inovasi dalam pembelajaran bahasa kanak-kanakAutistik. Proceedings of the International Conference Teaching and Learning (ICTL 2014), (May2014), 111.Norhayati Yahaya, Mohamad Sattar Rasul, Ruhizan Mohamad Yasin, & Rohani Seman (2017). ModelKompetensi Kemahiran Sosial Bagi Program Perantisan Sistem Dual: Aplikasi Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). International Conference on Enginering Tecnology, Vocational Education and Social Science, 1 (2014): 110.Norhayati Yahaya, Mohamad Sattar Rasul, Ruhizan Mohamad Yasin, & Rohani Seman (2017). PembangunanReka Bentuk Model Kompetensi Kemahiran Sosial Bagi Program Perantisan Sistem Dual: Aplikasi Teknik Kumpulan Nominal Ubahsuai. International Conference on Enginering Tecnology,Vocationalnd Social Science, 1 (2014): 112.Norhayati Yahaya, Mohamad Sattar Rasul, Ruhizan Mohamad Yasin, Sariyah Adam & Rohani Seman (2018).Ekspektasi Majikan terhadap Kemahiran Sosial dan Nilai Sosial bagi Program Perantisan ke arah Revolusi Industri 4.0. Seminar Kebangsaan PdPc Abab Ke-21 Pendidikan Kebangsaan ZonTimur 2018. (1): 111.Norum, P. S. (2013). Examination of Apparel Maintenance Skills and Practices:Implications for Sustainable Clothing Consumption. Family and Consumer Sciences ResearchJournal, 42, 124137.Nunnally J C. (1978). Psychometric theory . New York: McGraw Hill.Nunnally, J. C. & Bernstein, I. R. (1994). Psychometric theory . Ed. ke-3. New York: McGraw-Hill,Inc.Nur Iwani Azmi, & Mohammad Hisyam Mohd Hashim (2012). Penerapan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat melalui Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV). PersidanganKebangsaan Penyelidikan Dan Inovasi Dalam Sistem Pendidikan Dan Latihan Teknikal Dan Vokasional,113.Nurul Ain Hamsari, & Azizi Yahaya (2012). Peranan motivasi pembelajaran, gaya keibubapaandan sikap dengan pencapaian akademik. Journal of Educational Psychology & Counseling, 5 (March2012), 128.Nurul Nadya, et all. (2011). Peningkatan dan pembentukan semula kurikulum teknik dan vokasional diMalaysia untuk mencapai self Actualization.Ogawa, I. (2015). Skill education in pre-service teacher education for elementary school teacher. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 13(1), 112.Oguz Serin. (2011). The effects of the computer-based instruction on the achievement and problemsolving skills of the science and Technology students. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal ofEducational Technology 10(1): 183-201.Ozmen, H. (2008). The influence of computer-assisted instruction on students conceptualunderstanding of chemical bonding and attitude toward chemistry: A case for Turkey. Computers &Education 51(1): 423-165Pallant, J. (2007). SPSS Survival Manual. Ed. Ke-3. Berksire: Open University Press.Mealey.Palmer, D. H. (2009). Student interest generated during an inquiry skills lesson. Journalof Research in Science Teaching 46: 147165.Palmquist, S. (2007). Active project-based learning in structural analysis: Fieldinspection of steel truss bridge. Paper presented at the American Society for EngineeringEducation, Honolulu, HI.Perkins, D. N. (1992). Smart schools: Better thinking and learning for every child. New York: TheFree Press.Pendergast, D., Garvis, S., & Kanasa, H. (2013). The value of home economics toaddress the obesity challenge: An evaluation of comments in an online forum. International Journalof Home Economics, 6, 272285.Pogadaev, V. A. (2007). Motivational factors in learning foreign languages: The case of russian.Masalah Pendidikan 30(2): 149-159.Poitschke, T., Laquai, F., & Rigoll, G. (2009). Guiding a drivers visual attention using graphical and auditory animations. Institute for Human-Machine Communication.Technische Universitat Munchen.Prakas Rao Apparao. (2014). Pelaksanaan mata pelajaran vokasional dan kesannya terhadap kemahirankebolehpasaran pelajar.Prince, M., Felder, R. (2006). Inductive teaching and learning methods: Definitions, comparisons,and research bases. Journal of Engineering Education, 95, 115.Rabin Tuladhar. (2011). For engaging and motivating Engineering students to induce deep learningand understanding through contextual and multisensory teaching and learning approaches. 2011Citations for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning. James Cook University, Australia.Ramlee Mustapha (2007). Kurikulum Pendidikan Teknik & Vokasional.Ramlee Mustapha (2013). Transforming education toward K-Economy in Malaysian.International Journal for Educational Studies, 1, 16.Ramlee Mustapha & Noraini Mohd Salleh (2007). Self-fulfiling prophecy and digital divide revisited:Vocational and IT competencies of special needs population in Malaysia. Jurnal Kerja Sosial, 6(1),3365.Reyes, L. H. (1984). Affective variables and mathematics education. The Elementary School Journal84: 558- 58l.Richardson, J. G., & Bostick, G. W. (1997). Developing learning modules. Departmentof Agricultural and Extension Education, NC State University, Raleigh, NC.Ricky T. Castles, Tasha Zephirin, Vinod K. Lohani, & Pushkin Kachroo. (2010). Design andimplementation of a mechatronics learning module in a large first-semester Engineering Course. IEEETransactions On Education 53(3).Rieber, L. P., Boyce, M. J., & Assad, C. (1990). The effects of computer animation on adultlearning and retrieval tasks. Journal of Computer Based Instruction 17(2): 4652.Rieber, L. P. (1991). Animation, incidental learning and continuing motivation. Journal ofEducational Psychology 83: 318328.Rohani, Ramlee dan Rosmawati (2013). Gaya pembelajaran pelajar Reka Bentuk Teknologi diInstitut Pendidikan Guru Kampus Perlis. Malaysia. International Technical HRD and the 9th (AASVET).(1): 1-10 (2324 Okt. 2013).Rohani Seman (2014). Analisis keperluan persepsi guru dan pelajar terhadap modul PAV. JurnalPendidik Dan Pendidikan. (1): 1-10Rohani Seman, Nazeri Mohammad, & Nuradalilah Ahmad Shukri (2015). Persepsi pelajar danguru terhadap modul Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV). Jurnal Pendidik Dan Pendidikan. (1): 112.Rohani Seman, Suriani Mohamed, Ramlee Mustaphaa, Tee Tze Kiong & Nazeri Mohammad (2017).Kepelbagaian Teknik Pengajaran Guru Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV): Perspektif Pelajar.Jurnal Pendidik Dan Pendidikan. (3): 1 12.Rohani Seman, Rosnizam Kamis, & Norhayati Yahaya (2018). Modul M-JsasFC: Pengaruh TerhadapGaya Pembelajaran, Murid Tingkatan Satu Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV). Seminar KebangsaanPdPc Abab Ke-21 Pendidikan Kebangsaan Zon Timur 2018. (1): 111.Rohani Seman, Suriani Mohamed, Ramlee Mustaphaa, Tee Tze Kiong & Nazeri Mohammad (2017).Teknik Pengajaran Guru Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV): Perspektif Pelajar. SeminarPenyelidikan Pendidikan Kebangsaan Zon Sabah 2017 (SPeKS 2017). (1): 110.Rohani Seman, Suraini Mohamed, & Nazeri Mohammad (2016). Pelaksanaan PendidikanAsas Vokasional (PAV) kursus asas jahitan di sekolah menengah harian: Transformasi pendidikan vokasional Malaysia. International Conference on Teacher Education. (1):18.Rohani Seman, Rosnizam Kamis, Nazeri Mohammad & Noor Miza Abdul Rahmane Dan Model Dick & Carey DalamPembinaan Modul Pengajaran Asas Jahitan: Pengajaran Pemusatan Murid. 3?? International Confrerence On Teacher Learning and Development (ICTLD)2016. (1): 1-12Rohani Seman, Rosnizam Kamis, Noor Miza Abdul Rahman & Nazeri Mohammad (2016). AplikasiModel Dick & Carey Dalam Pembinaan Modul Asas Jahitan. 3?? International Confrerence On TeacherLearning and Development (ICTLD) 2016. (1): 1-6Rohani Seman, Suriani Mohamed, Ramlee Mustapha, Tee Tze Kiong, & Norhayati Yahaya(2017). Intervensi modul M-JsasFC terhadap pencapaian kemahiran menjahit murid PAV.International Conference on Enginering Tecnology, Vocational Education and Social Science, 1(2014): 16.Rohani Seman, Suriani Mohamed, Ramlee Mustapha, Tee Tze Kiong, & Norhayati Yahaya (2017). HubunganHubungan Gaya Pembelajaran, Motivasi, Minat, Keyakinan Diri Dan Pencapaian Murid Tingkatan Satu PAVDalam Modul M- JsasFC. International Conference on Enginering Tecnology, Vocational Education andSocial Science, 1 (2014), 110.Rohani Seman, Suriani Mohamed, Tee Tze Kiong, & Nazeri Mohammed (2015).Persepsi pelajar terhadap teknik pengajaran guru Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV): Tinjauan awal disekolah terpilih. Jurnal Pendidikan, 110.Roslina, R., T. Subahan Mohd Meerah & E. Zakaria, (2010). Hubungan anatara kepercayaanmatematik, metakognisi dan perwakilan masalah dengan kejayaan penyelesaian masalah matematik.Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia 35(2): 1-7.Rosnizammuddin Shah Bin Sidek & Wan Mansor Bin Wan Abdul Rahman. (2008). Modul pembelajarankendiri (MPK) bagi Autocad 2D. Fakulti Pendidikan, UTM, Johor.Rosnidar Mansor, Haeidatul Nashrah, Norazilawati Abdullah, & Nik Azmah Nik Yusof (2015).Keberkesanan penggunaan i-THINK terhadap pencapaian dan minat murid dalam tajuk sifatbahan, Sains tahun 4. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains & Matematik Malaysia, 5(Jun 2016), 98116.Rotbain, Y., Marbach-Ad, G., & Stavy, R.(2008). Using a computer animation to teach high schoolmolecular Biology. Journal of Science Education & Technology 17: 4958.Rozinah Jamaludin (2000). Basics of multimedia in education. Utusan Malaysia PublicationSdn. Bhd. KL.Sabri Ahmad, T. Z. T. Z. & A. O. (2006). Isu-isu Dalam Pendidikan Matematik. UtusanPublication & Distributors Sdn.Bhd. Kuala Lumpur.Sajap Maswan. (2007). Kesan Pendekatan Inkuiri Terbimbing berbanding Pendekatan Tutorial dalamPersekitaran Web terhadap Pencapaian Pelajar Berbeza Gaya Kognitif dalam Pembelajaran PendidikanSeni Visual. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan:Universiti Sains Malaysia.Sakorn Pimta, Sombat Tayruakham and Prasart Nuangchalerm (2009). Factorsinfluencing mathematic problem-solving ability of sixth grade students. Journal of Social Sciences5(4): 381-385.Salmiza Saleh. (2008). Pembangunan Dan Penilaian Keberkesanan Modul Pendekatan PengjaranBerasaskan Otak Dalam Konteks Pengajaran Fizik Tingkatan Empat. Disertasi yang tidakditerbitkan:. UKM.Sanger, M. J., & Badger, S. M. (2001). Using computer-based visualization strategies to improvestudents understanding of molecular polarity and miscibility. Journal of Chemical Education78(10): 14121416.Sanger, M. J., & Greenbowe, T. J. (1997). Common student misconceptions inelectrochemistry: Galvanic, electrolytic, and concentration cells. Journal of Research inScience Teaching 34(4): 377398.Sarimah Ismail & Abreza Atan. (2010). Aplikasi Pendekatan Penyelesaian masalah DalamPengajaran Mata Pelajaran Teknikal Dan Vokasional Di Fakulti Pendidikan UTM . FakultiPendidikan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Schoenfeld, A. H. (1994). Reflections on doing and teaching mathematics. In A.Schoenfeld Mathematical thinking and problem solving. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 53-70.Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Mathematical problem solving. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc.Serap Calikan and Gamze Sezgin Selcuk. (2010). Pre-service teachers use of self-regulation strategies in physics problem solving: Effects of gender and academic achievement.International Journal of the Physical Sciences 5(12): 1926-1938.Shahabuddin Hashim & Rohizani Yaakub. (2003). Psikologi pembelajaran dan personaliti.Bentong: PTS Publications and Distributors Sdn Bhd.Shahabuddin Hashim, Rohizani Yaakub, & Mohd Zohir Ahmad (2007). Pedagogi strategi dan teknik mengajar dengan berkesan. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Professional Publishing Sdn. Bhd.Shahar m Bin Noordin. (1994). Penghasilan Dan Penilaian Keberkesanan ModulPengajaran Kendiri Fizik Di Kalangan Pelajar Berbeza Kebolehan Dan Jantina Pada Peringkat Tingkatan Empat. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: UTM.Shaharom Nordin & Yap Kueh Chin. (1993). Penggunaan modul pembelajaran kendiri (MPK) dalam prosesPdP. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru 325-358.Sharifah Alwiyah Alsagof. (1981). Pengenalan Pengajaran Individu Dengan Tumpuan Khas Kepada ModulPengajaran dan Modul Pembelajaran. Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan. Penang. USM 3(1):54-62.Shuhairi Razak (2014). Kesan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Komuniti Dalam Sains Informal Ke Atas Kemahiran Membuat Keputusan Efikasi Kendiri Dan Pembelajaran Terarah KendiriDalam Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan Empat. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: Universiti SainsMalaysia.Sidek Mohd Noah & Jamaludin Ahmad. 2005. Pembinaan Modul: Bagaimana Membina ModulLatihan dan Modul Akademik. Penerbit Universiti Putera Malaysia.Siti Faizzatul Aqmal Mohamad mohsin & Razali Hassan (2011). Pengajaran dan Pembelajaranberasaskan Streaming Video bagi meningkatkan tahap kefahaman pelajar Abad ke-21.Persidangan Kebangsaan Penyelidikan Dan Inovasi Dalam Pendidikan Dan Latihan Teknik DanVokasional.Siti Rahayah Ariffin. 2003. Teori, konsep & amalan dalam pengukuran dan penilaian.Bangi: Pusat Pembangunan Akademik UKM.Siti Syahirah Abdullah Zawawi. (2011). Transformasi PTV: Kesediaan guru-guru vokasionalterhadap pelaksanaan Kolej Vokasional (KV) KPM dari aspek tahap kemahiran. Persidangan Kebangsaan Penyelidikan Dan Inovasi Dalam Pendidikan Dan Latihan Teknik Dan Vokasional,110.Skaalid B. (2009a.). Element of design:Value and color. Retrieved June 24, 2010 fromhttp://www.usask.ca/ducation/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/color.htm.Skaalid B. (2009b.). Gestalt Principles of Perception: Retrieved June 24, 2010fromhttp://www.usask.ca/ducation/coursework/skaalid/theory/cgdt/color.htm.Slavin, R. E. (2006). Education Psychology:Theory and Practice (8th ed.).Boston,MA:Pearson.Smith, S. (2005). Step-by-Step Watercolour. Collins & Brown. London; Great Britian.Sow Lee Sun, Zaidatun Tasir, & Jamalludin Harun (2006). Penghasilan modul pembelajaranberasaskan teori beban kognitif untuk subjek teknologi maklumatdan komunikasi. 1st International Malaysian Educational TechnologyConvention, 110.Sow, Lee Sun and Tasir, Zaidatun and Harun, Jamalludin. 2007. Penghasilan modul pembelajaranberasaskan teori beban kognitif untuk subjek teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi. InternationalMalaysian Educational Technology Convention. Sofiel Palm Resort, Johor Bahru.Sri Adelila Sari, Nuramalia & Erlidawati. 2010. Comparison Of Problem Solving With Problem PosingLearning Models Of Student Learning Outcomes In The Concept Of The Periodic System . 2ndinternational Conference on Education Technology and Computer (ICETC) (IEEE).Suhaida Abdul Kadir. 2002. Perbandingan pembelajaran koperatif dan tradisional terhadapprestasi, atribusi pencapaian, konsep kendiri akademik dan hubungan sosial dalam Pendidikan Perakaunan. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: Universiti Putra Malaysia.Sufean Hussin (2001). Inovasi pendidikan di kalangan Pengetua: Status pelaksanaan dan modelteoritikal. Seminar Dasar Pendidikan Dalam Pengisian Wawasan Pendidikan Prograsif, UM.Suriani Mohamed, Rohani Seman, Nazeri Mohammad, Tee Tze Kiong (2015). Persepsi guru terhadapteknik pengajaran guru Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV): Tinjauan awal di sekolah terpilih.Jurnal Pendidikan, 110.Sushkin, N. (1999). [online]Available: http://carbon.cudenver.edu/-mryder/itcdata/constructivism.html.Sweller, J. (1999). Instructional design in technical areas. Camberwell, Victoria,Australia: Australian Council for Educational Research.Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning.Cognitive Science 12: 257 285.Sweller, J. (2005). Implications of cognitive load theory for multimedia learning. in R.E. Mayer (Ed.). The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. New York: Cambridge UniversityPress.Sweller, J., Van Mer rienboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. G. W. C. (1998). Cognitivearchitecture and instructional design. Educational Psychology Review 10(3): 251-296.Tabachnick B. G, & Fidell L. S. (2001). Using Multivariat Statistic. Ed. ke-4 London:Allyn and Bacon.Tan, A.G & Lee, K.W. 1999. Psychology for teachers: General problem solving and problem solvingin science education. Dlm. Loo, S.P. (pnyt.) Educational Challenges In The NewMillenium. Proceedings of the MERAERA Joint Conference 109-1117Toh, C. S. 2005. Recent Advances In Cognitive Load Theory Research: Implication For Instructional Designers. Malaysian Online Of Journal Of Instructional Technology (MOJTT) 2(3),106-117.Tolga Gok & Ilhan Silay. 2010a. Effects of problem-solving strategies teaching on theproblem-Solving attitudes of cooperative learning groups in physics education. Journal of Theoryand Practice in Education 4(2): pp.253-266.Tolga Gok & Ilhan Silay. 2010b. The Effects of Problem Solving Strategies on StudentsAchievement, Attitude and Motivation. Latin-American Journal of Physics Education 4(1): 7-21.Ton, de J. (2010). Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: Somefood for thought. Instructional Science, 38(2), 105134.Trianto (2007). Model-model pembelajaran inovatif berorientasikan Konstruktivisme.Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan. Jakarta: Pustaka Prestasi.Tuckman, B. W. (1999). Conducting Educational Research. Ed. Ke-5. New York: HarcourtBrace Jovanovich.Tversky, B., Morrison, J.B. & Betrancourt, M. (2002). Animation: can it facilitate?.International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 57: 247-262.Usiskin, Z. (1982). Van hiele levels of achievement in secondary school geometry. Final Report OfThe Cognitive Development And Achievement In Secondar y School Geometry Project. Chicago,University Of Chicago.Vereshchagina Tatiana (2010). Teaching Descriptive Geometry in the Process of SolvingEngineering Problems it is One of the Forms of Interdisciplinary Integration in the Learning Process. International Journal for Cross- Disciplinary Subject in Education(IJCDSE) 1 (4): 260-263.Vogt, C., D. Hocevar, & L. Hagedorn. (2007). A social cognitive construct validation: Determiningwomen and mens success in engineering programs. Journal of Higher Education 78 (3):33664.Wan Zah Wan Ali (2000). Memahami Pembelajaran. Kuala Lumpur: UtusanPublications & Distributors Sdn Bhd.Wan Zulkhairi, R. & A. (2011). Kiritikan dan perbandingan falsafah di dalampendidikan Vokasional.Wan Zuraila Wan Mamat (2000). Analisis Kualitatif Masalah Yang Dihadapi OlehPelajar-Pelajar Dalam Mata Pelajaran Pengajian Kejuruteraan Awam.Wasman D., Reys, B., Lapan, R & Holliday, Get. (2003). Assessing the impact ofstandart-based middle grades mathematics curriculum materials on the student achievements. JournalFor Research In Mathematics Education 34(1): 74-95.Woolfolk, A. (2007). Educational psychology:Theory and Practice (10thEd).Boston,MA:Pearson.Wu, H.-K. & Shah, P. (2004). Exploring visuospatial thinking in chemistry learning.Science Education 88 (3): 465 492.Ed).Boston,MA:Pearson.Y.T. Gu, A. Tan. (2010). Visualization-A Powerful Tool for Effective Teaching ofDynamics. International Conference on Engineering Education ICEE-2010, July 1822, 2010, Gliwice,Poland.Yadav Aman, & Barry, B. E. (2009). Using case-based instruction to increase ethical understanding in engineering: What do we know? What do we need?. International Journal ofEngineering Education 25(1):130-145.Yadav Aman , Dipendra Subedi, Mary A. L. Undeberg & Charles. F. Bunting. (2011). Problem basedLearning: Influence on Students Learning in an Electrical Engineering Course. Journal ofEngineering Education, 100(2), 253280.Yadav Aman, Shaver, G. M., & Meckl, P. (2010). Lessons learned: Implementing the case teaching method in a mechanical engineering course. Journal of Engineering Education 99(1):5569.Yahya Buntat, Mohd Sukri, H. A. (2008). Cabaran Politeknik Sultan Ahmad Shah (POLISAS).Yahya Butat, Muhammad Sukri Saud, Nur Husna Wahid dan Norliza Ensa. 2009. Minat pelajar wanitadalam mata pelajaran Teknik dan Vokasional di Sekolah. Seminar Kebangsaan Pendidikan Teknik DanVokasional Kali Ke 3 (TVE09). Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai Johor.Yildiz, Z. 2009. The effect of computer-assisted instruction on the attitude andachievements of 8th grade primary school children in the subjects of geometric objects surfaceareas and their volume. Masters Thesis. University of Gazi,Ankara, Turkey.Young, M. D., Petersen, G. J. & Short, P. M. 2002. The complexity of substantivereform: A call for interpendence among key stakeholders. Education AdministrationQuaterly 38(2):137-175.Yoshino, S., Kimura, K., Nakao, T. (2007). The Effect of Revised Government Guidelinefor Teaching on Dressmaking in Junior College: Changes in the Students Skill andConsciousness. Journal of the Japan Association of Home Economics Education, 49(4), 302308.Yustina. (2010). Pembinaan dan keberkesanan modul pembelajaran alam sekitar melaluipendekatan konstruktivisma. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: UKM.Yustina, Kamisah Osman & T. Subahan Mohd Merah. (2009). Pembinaan dan keberkesanan modul pembelajaran alam sekitar melalui pendekatan konstruktivisma. Ringkasan Eksekutif Penyelidikan Siswazah. Fakulti Pendidikan, UKM. 2(5): 127-141.Yusup Hashim. (1997). Media pengajaran untuk pendidikan dan latihan. Kuala Lumpur:Penerbit Fazar Bakti Sdn.Bhd.Yusup Hashim (2002). Teknologi pengajaran. Shah Alam: Fajar Bakti Sdn.Bhd.Zairi Osman. (2008). Pembangunan dan penilaian pembelajaran berasaskan perisian multimedia bagimodul Termodinamik 1 Di Politeknik. Tesis Sarjana. UKM.Zakaria Abd Rahman. (1998). Pembinaan dan Penggunaan Modul Latihan KeusahawananPertanian Di Kalangan Pelajar Sekolah Menengah. Disertasi yang tidak diterbitkan: UKM.Zamfir. 2008. PDA, Impact of using computer applications in education on teaching- learningprocess. 7th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Computer and Applied Computational Science,APR 06-08, 684-688.Zamri Mahamod & Suriya Mustapha. (2007). Strategi Pembelajaran Biologi Di Kalangan PelajarSekolah Menengah. Jurnal Pendidikan 32: 153-175.Zan, R. (2000). A metacognitive intervention in mathematics at university level.International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology 31(1): 143-150.Zol Ba ri Razali. (2001). Pembelajaran berbantu multimedia: implikasi pembelajaransubjek kejuruteraan mekanikal. KUKUM.Zulkepli Bin Mohamad. (2010). Keberkesanan modul pengajaran fizik yang dibangunkanmengikut perspektif konstruktivisme. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Latihan, 2(1), 110.Zunariah Mahamad, Effandi Zakaria & Norazah Mohd Nordin. (2009). Pembinaan dan Keberkesanan ModulInteraktif Graphing Calculator dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Algebra. RingkasanEksekutif Penyelidikan Siswazah. Fakulti Pendidikan, UKM 2(5): 119-122.Zuraidah Abdul Rahman, Hanafi Atan & Rozhan Mohammed Idrus. (2002). Teaching Of Chemistry InDistance Education: Audio Teletutorials Versus Audio- Graphics Teletutorials . In Razmah Man &Yusup Hashim (Eds.). Technology Based Instruction and Learning: An Evaluation. Malaysian Educational Technology Association (META) Publishers. 209-215.Zuraidi bin Wahid. (2008). Kesan Penggunaan Modul Pembelajaran Regulasi Kendiri Terhadap Motivasidan Pencapaian Pelajar bagi Tajuk Fotosintesis Biologi Tingkatan Empat. Tesis Sarjana.Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.Zuraida Ismail, Sharifah Norhaidah Syed Idrus, & Mohd Ali Shamsudin (2007). Kaedahmengajar Sains. Batu Caves: PTS Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd.

Keberkesanan modul M-JsasFC terhadap pembelajaran murid pendidikan asas Vokasional

Similar Items