Composition of surfactants and bioaerosols in ambient particulate matter from selected areas in Perak, Malaysia
Surfactants and bioaerosols are components of air pollutants in the atmosphericparticulate matter (PM) that significantly contribute to the level of air pollution. Thisstudy was conducted to determine the composition of surfactants and bioaerosols in theatmospheric PM from urban area (Ipoh), sub-urb...
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| Format: | thesis |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5484 |
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| Summary: | Surfactants and bioaerosols are components of air pollutants in the atmosphericparticulate matter (PM) that significantly contribute to the level of air pollution. Thisstudy was conducted to determine the composition of surfactants and bioaerosols in theatmospheric PM from urban area (Ipoh), sub-urban (Tanjung Malim) and marine area (Manjung)at Perak. Atmospheric PM samples were collected using a high-volume air sampler (HVAS) with aflow rate of 1.13 m3 min-1 in 24 h basis. Samples were collected based on size fraction of fine(<1.5 m) and coarse (>1.5 m) mode particles. The concentrations of anionic surfactantsas Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) were determined by using colorimetric method.Principal component analysis (PCA) with multiple linear regressions (MLR) was used toidentify the possible sources of MBAS based on the ionic composition. Forbioaerosols analysis, samples were collected in Tanjung Malim only and cultured byspread-plate technique on selective media followed by colonies counting (CFU/m-3). Resultsfrom this study indicated that Manjung has the highest average concentration of MBAS compareto Tanjung Malim and Ipoh (188.62 13.73), (159.95 12.65) and (151.29 12.30) pmol m-3respectively. Overal , the concentration of surfactants at al sampling location was dominated by fine mode (<1.5 m) rather than coarse mode (>1.5 m) particles. Forbioaerosols composition, fungal shows higher mean concentration than bacterial with(111.23 100.64) CFUm-3. FeSEM image show majorly the pollutants had differe nt particlesshape and size that might represent the origin of those particulate. This can be concludedthat the composition of surfactants and bioaerosols in atmospheric PM were varies based onthe studied location. This finding of chemical characterization and sourcesidentifications are useful in planning the effective control strategies to reducethe emission of surfactants in atmosphere. |
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