Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menilai pelaksanaan mata pelajaran TeknologiKejuruteraan (TK), Lukisan Kejuruteraan (LK) dan Reka Cipta (RC) daripada dimensiinput, proses dan produk menggunakan model CIPP sebagai kerangka konseptual kajian. Teoripenilaian Taba, Stake dan Hammond serta model Finch dan Cr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Mohd Tafizam Mohd Taib
Format: thesis
Language:zsm
Published: 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6103
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:6103
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language zsm
topic T Technology
spellingShingle T Technology
Mohd Tafizam Mohd Taib
Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia
description Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menilai pelaksanaan mata pelajaran TeknologiKejuruteraan (TK), Lukisan Kejuruteraan (LK) dan Reka Cipta (RC) daripada dimensiinput, proses dan produk menggunakan model CIPP sebagai kerangka konseptual kajian. Teoripenilaian Taba, Stake dan Hammond serta model Finch dan Crunkilton, Kirkpatrick dan Stenhousedijadikan panduan untuk memilih konstruk kajian iaitu kurikulum, prasarana, pengetahuan dan kemahiran guru, kesediaan pelajar, peranan pentadbir, proses pelaksanaan, prosespemantauan, proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta kompetensi pelajar. Reka bentuk kajianini adalah penilaian program. Pensampelan rawak berstrata digunakan untuk memilih 712 respondendari 137 buah Sekolah Menengah Harian yang terdiri daripada 159 pentadbir, 176 guru dan377 pelajar. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah soal selidik, protokol temubual dan senarai semak pemerhatian. Dapatan deskriptif soal selidik menunjukkan pentadbirdan guru tidak pasti samada kelengkapan bengkel adalah mencukupi (M=3.39, SD=0.50).Analisis ANOVA mendapati terdapat perbezaan signifikan dalam kalangan pentadbir dan guru TK, LKdan RC terhadap kelengkapan bengkel [F(2, 332)=21.870; p
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Doctorate
author Mohd Tafizam Mohd Taib
author_facet Mohd Tafizam Mohd Taib
author_sort Mohd Tafizam Mohd Taib
title Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia
title_short Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia
title_full Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia
title_fullStr Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia
title_sort penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian malaysia
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional
publishDate 2018
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6103
_version_ 1747833242460880896
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:61032021-07-23 Penilaian pelaksanaan mata pelajaran teknologi kejuruteraan dan reka cipta di sekolah menengah harian Malaysia 2018 Mohd Tafizam Mohd Taib T Technology Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menilai pelaksanaan mata pelajaran TeknologiKejuruteraan (TK), Lukisan Kejuruteraan (LK) dan Reka Cipta (RC) daripada dimensiinput, proses dan produk menggunakan model CIPP sebagai kerangka konseptual kajian. Teoripenilaian Taba, Stake dan Hammond serta model Finch dan Crunkilton, Kirkpatrick dan Stenhousedijadikan panduan untuk memilih konstruk kajian iaitu kurikulum, prasarana, pengetahuan dan kemahiran guru, kesediaan pelajar, peranan pentadbir, proses pelaksanaan, prosespemantauan, proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta kompetensi pelajar. Reka bentuk kajianini adalah penilaian program. Pensampelan rawak berstrata digunakan untuk memilih 712 respondendari 137 buah Sekolah Menengah Harian yang terdiri daripada 159 pentadbir, 176 guru dan377 pelajar. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah soal selidik, protokol temubual dan senarai semak pemerhatian. Dapatan deskriptif soal selidik menunjukkan pentadbirdan guru tidak pasti samada kelengkapan bengkel adalah mencukupi (M=3.39, SD=0.50).Analisis ANOVA mendapati terdapat perbezaan signifikan dalam kalangan pentadbir dan guru TK, LKdan RC terhadap kelengkapan bengkel [F(2, 332)=21.870; p 2018 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6103 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6103 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional Abdul Rahim Abdul Rashid, Abdul Aziz Abdul Talib, Abdul Ghafar Md. Din & MuhamadHaron. (2000). Panduan latihan mengajar. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Abd. Rahim Abd. Rashid. (2000). Wawasan dan agenda pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: UtusanPublications & Distribution Sdn. Bhd.Abdul Rahman Arshad. (2007). Unity and education in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa danPustaka.Abdul Rasid Abdul Razzaq, Mohamad Zaid Mustafa, Mohd Yusop Hadi, Jamaluddin Hashim, AhmadRizal Madar & Farah Syahida Mohd Kamal. (2010). Pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan tempat kerja(work based learning): Perspektif industri yang terlibat. Kertas kerja World Congress onTeacher Education for TVET in Conjunction with World Teachers Day Celebration. Universiti TunHussein Onn Malaysia, 5 - 6 October.Abdul Raof Abdul Rahman. (1996). Genocide: Terkuburnya sekolah vokasional.Manuskrip tidak diterbitkan.Abdul Razak Ahmad. (2008). Penilaian peserta terhadap program pendidikan dewasa anjurankemas. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Malaya.Abu Bakar Ibrahim. (1989). An assesment of graduate feedback for evaluating the Diplomain Banking Studies program at MARA Institute of Technology in Malaysia. Tesis DoktorFalsafah. Michigan State University.Abu Bakar Nordin. (1991). Kurikulum: Perspektif dan perlaksanaan. Kuala Lumpur: PustakaAntara.Abu Bakar Nordin. (1996). Asas penilaian pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann (Malaysia)Sdn. Bhd.Adeniyi, E.D. (1984). An evaluation of academic program in educational technology in NigerianUniversity. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti of Pittsburgh.Ager, R. (1998). ICT in primary school: Children or computer in control. London: Fulton.Ahmad Atori Hussain. (1990). Pentadbiran awam asas pemikiran dan falsafah. KualaLumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Ahmad Suhaimi Omar. (2006). Perancangan sumber manusia mahir dalam rencah pertanian danindustri asas tani. Konvensyen Pendidikan Pertanian Kebangsaan. Anjuran Jabatan PendidikanTeknikal, KPM. Hotel Eastin, Petaling Jaya, 20-23 Mac.Ahmad Tajudin Jab. (2009). Managing TVET in the global economic downturn.Prosiding 6th Annual National Technical and Vocational Education and Training Conference 2009.Concorde Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, 12-13 Mei 2009.Ahmad Zairi Abas. (2002). Permasalahan pembelajaran dalam mata pelajaran Teknologi Kejuruteraan:Satu tinjauan di sekolah-sekolah menengah dalam daerah Batang Padang, Perak Tengah danHilir Perak. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Aitken, J.E. (2000). In-service training for teachers in New Zealand schools, whats NewPublications. North American Association of Educational Negotiators (NEAN) 15(1), 3-5.Aliaga, O. A., Kotamraju, P., & Stone III, J. R. (2012). A typology for understanding the career and technical education credit-taking experience of high school students.Louisville, KY: National Research Center for Career and Technical Education, Universityof Louisville. Retrived on November 15, 2016, from http://www.nyctecenter.org/spn.Alias Baba. (1999). Statistik penyelidikan dalam pendidikan dan sains sosial. Bangi:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Alias Mahmud. (2013). Konsep dan model penilaian dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum. Kertas kerjadalam Seminar Penyelidikan Pendidikan dan Pembangunan Sumber Manusia. Universiti Putra Malaysia.28-29 Febuari.Alias Mat Saad. (2010). Penilaian pelaksanaan kurikulum Pendidikan Islam PoliteknikKementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia.Alias Mat Saad, Nik Mohd Rahimi Nik Yusoff, Ruhizan Mohammad Yassin. (2011). Penilaiankemudahan pembelajaran, peruntukan kewangan dan kursus dalam perkhidmatan bagi kursusPendidikan Islam di Politeknik Malaysia. Journal of Islamic and Arabic Education, 3(1),123-134.Alhasan, Ndagi Usman, Abdullahi Tyabo. (2013). Revitalizing technical and vocational education(TVET) for youth empowerment and sustainable development. Journaltional and Social Research, 3(4),149-154.Alkin, M.C. (1967). Towards an evaluation model: A system approach. Centre for theStudy of Education. Los Angeles , California: University of California.Alkin, M.C. (1969a). Evaluation theory development: Evaluation comment. Centre for theStudy of Education. Los Angeles , California: University of California.Alkin, M.C. (1969b). Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of Instructional Programs. Centre for theStudy of Education. Los Angeles , California: University of California.Alkin, M.C. (2004). Evaluation roots: Tracing theorist views and influences. Thousands Oaks,California: SAGE Publications.Alkin, M.C. (2012). Evaluation roots (2?? ed.). Thousands Oaks, California: SAGEPublications.Alter, K. (1998). Electrical construction management specialization program. ASCProceeding of the Central Connecticut State. Purdue University: Indiana. Retrieved on Januari 21, 2012, fromhttp://asceditor.unl.edu/archives/1998/alter98.htm.Anderson, J.R. (1998). Cognitive psychology and its implications (6?? ed.). New york:Freeman.Anderson, L. W., Krathwohl, D. R., & Bloom, B. S. (2001). A taxonomy for learning,teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educationalobjectives. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.Ann Lewis. (2007). Propective teachers of secondary school learner. Learning to teach Teaching to learn? Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 32(3), 1- 9.Ann Lambros. (2004). Problem Based Learning in middle and high school classroom(A teachers guide to implementation). California USA : Corwin Press.Arihasnida, Ariffin (2015). Kesan persembahan masalah berbentuk grafik dan animasi bagi pembelajaran berasaskan masalah dalam talian kursus lukisan kejuruteraan.Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Sains Malaysia.Arsaythamby Veloo & Shamsuddin Muhammad. (2011). Hubungan sikap, kebimbangan dan tabiatpembelajaran dengan pencapaian Matematik Tambahan. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators andEducation, 1(26), 15-32.Aruna Ismail. (2013). The development of a new Malaysian Skill QualificationFramework (MSQF) in the context of National Dual Training System (NDTS).r Falsafah. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.Ashley J.R. (2001). Evaluation part 1. Retrieved on August 3, 2012, fromhttp://fcae.nova.edu/ashleyj/cit502/wee5.htm.Asnul Dahar Minghat, Ruhizan M., Kamalularifin Subari, & Muhammad Khair Noordin. (2013). Strategikelasterian pembangunan pendidikan teknikal dan vokasional (PTV). Prosiding 2nd International Seminar on Quality and Affordable Education. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,7-10 October.Atan Long. (1979). Sejauhmana teknologi pendidikan dapat meningkatkan mutupelajaran. Jurnal pendidikan, 7, 4-17.Azaman Ishar, Ramlee Mustapha, Shafie Shamuddin, & Mohd Shahril Othman. (2009).Kajian tinjauan terhadap permasalahan dan keperluan P&P mata pelajaran LukisanKejuruteraan menurut persepsi guru. Seminar Kebangsaan Pendidikan Teknik Dan VokasionalKali Ke 3. Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 9-10 December.Azaman Ishar. (2012). Kesan inovasi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraandalam kalangan pelajar tingkatan mmpat di Sekolah Menengah Teknik. Tesis Doktor Falsafah.Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Azizah Sharif. (2003). Pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran kontekstual Fizik dalam bilikdarjah di Sekolah Menengah Teknik Kajang. Projek Penyelidikan Sarjana Pendidikan.Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Azizi Yahya. (1999). Keberkesanan pelaksanaan program Kemahiran Hidup di sekolah- sekolah menengahMalaysia. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Putra Malaysia.Azizi Yahaya & Roslan Awang Mohammad. (2000). Penilaian terhadap keberkesanan programlukisan kejuruteraan dari aspek pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Seminar Pendidikan Kebangsaan.Anjuran Maktab Perguruan Kota Bahru, Kota Bahru, 14-15 Ogos.Azizi Yahya, Johari Sihes, Yusof Boon, & Roslan Awang Mohammad. (2001). The uses of CIPP models asa tool of evaluation: How effective on evaluating the technical drawing. Prosiding InternationalConference on Technology and Vocational- Technical Education: Globalization and Future Trends,465-469.Azlin Norhaini Mansor. (2006). Amalan pengurusan pengetua sekolah menengah: Satu kajiankes. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan (BPPDP) KPM. (2006). Kajian perlaksanaan mata pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan dan Teknologi Kejuruteraan di sekolahmenengah akademik. Ringkasan Eksekutif Kajian-Kajian, Bahagian Perancangan dan PenyelidikanDasar Pendidikan 20002004, 166175.Bahagian Kurikulum Teknik dan Vokasional, Jabatan Pendidikan Teknikal. Kementerian PelajaranMalaysia. (2002a). Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran Teknologi Kejuruteraan.Bahagian Kurikulum Teknik dan Vokasional, Jabatan Pendidikan Teknikal. Kementerian PelajaranMalaysia. (2002b). Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan.Bahagian Kurikulum Teknik dan Vokasional, Jabatan Pendidikan Teknikal. Kementerian PelajaranMalaysia. (2002c). Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran Reka Cipta.Barkley, E. F., Major, C. H., & Cross, K. P. (2014). Collaborative learning techniques: A Handbookfor College Faculty. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons.Bell, S. (2010). Project Based Learning for the 21st Century: Skills for the future. Journal ofEducational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 83(2), 39-43.Best, J.W & Kahn, J.V. (1998). Research in education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Beynon, J. (1997). Physical facilities for education: what planers need to know. InUNESCO: Fundamentals of Educational Planning, 57. Hlm. 18. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved on Januari 29, 2017, from http:www.unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001184/18467E.pdf.Billett, S. (1994). Situated learning a workplace experience. Australian Journal of Adult andCommunity Education, 34(2), 112130.Billett, S. (2001). Learning in the workplace: Strategies for effective practice. Sydney, NSW:Allen & Unwin.Billett, S. (2006). Work, change and workers. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.Billett, S. (2010). Learning in and for working life: A relational interdependence between personal and social agency. In M. Van Woerkom & R. Poell (Eds.). Understanding learning in the workplace. Concepts, measurement and application. London:Routledge.Billett, S. (2011a). Subjectivity, self and personal agency in learning through and forwork. In M. Malloch, L. Cairns, K. Evans, & B. N. OConnor (Eds.). The Sage Handbook on WorkplaceLearning (pp. 6072). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Billett, S. (2011b). Vocational education: Purposes, traditions and prospects. New York: SpringerScience & Business Media.Billett, S. (2013). Learning through practice: Beyond informal and towards a framework forlearning through practice. In Shyamal Majumdar (Ed.), Revisiting global trends in TVET:Reflections on theory and practice (pp. 123-163). Retrieved on10, 2016, from http:// www.unevoc.unesco.org.Bloom, B. (1979). Taxonamy of education objective book 1: Cognitive domain. London:Longman Group Ltd.Blumenfeld, P. C., Soloway, E., Marx, R. W., Krajcik, J. S., Guzdial, M., & Palincsar, A. (1991).Motivating Project-Based Learning: Sustaining the doing, supporting the learning. EducationalPsychologist, 26(3&4), 369-398.Bondi, J. & Wiles, J. (2007). Curriculum development : A guide to practice. 7?? Ed. New Jersey:Merrill Prentice Hall.Booker, P.J. (1963). A history of Engineering Drawing. London: Chatto & Windus.Boone, E. (1995). Developing programs in adult education. New Jersey: Prantice Hall.Borg, W.R. & Gall, M.D. (1983). Educational research: an introduction. 4th Ed. NewYork: Longmans, Inc.Boruch, R.F. & Wortman, P.M. (1979). Implication of educational evaluation for evaluationpolicy. Review of Research in Education, 7, 309-361.Bottoms, G. & Anthony, K. (2005). Project lead the way: A Pre-engineering curriculum that works,a new design for high school career/technical studies. Atlanta GA: Southern RegionalEducation Board. Retrieved on June 3, 2014, from http:www.pltw.org/bulletins/SREB_Research_Brief.pdf.Buist, M. (1991). Illuminative evaluation. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Burden, P.R. & Byrd, D.M. (1999). Methods for effective teaching. Boston: Allyn &Bacon.Bush, T. (2014). Instructional Leadership in Centralized Contexts: Rhetoric or Reality? Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 42, 35.doi:10.1177/1741143213507207.Bushnell, D. S. (1990). Input, process, output: A model for evaluating training. Training andDevelopment Journal, 73, 42-43.Bramley, P. (1996). Evaluating training effectiveness. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill.Brinkerhoff, R. O. (2005). The success case method: A strategic evaluation approach to increasingthe value and effect of training. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 7(1), 86 - 101.Broadie, R. (2003). Measuring impacts and benefits of ICT-for-learning. Computer ationJournal, 105, 3-8.Brown, K.G. & Gerhardt, M.W. (2002). Formative evaluation: An integrative practicemodel and case study. Personnel Psychology, 55(4), 951-984.Campbell, A., McNamara, O., & Gilroy, D.P. (2004). Practitioner research andprofessional development in education. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.Campbell, S.W., Kranc, S.C., & Nevsimal, E.L. (1991). Engineering Education:Preparing for the next decade. Retrieved on June 3, 2011, fromhttp://fie.engrng.pitt.edu/fie97/papers/1067.pdf.Carden, F., Alkin, M.C. (2012). Evaluation Roots: An International Perpective. Journal OfMultidisiplinary Evaluation, 8(17), 102-118.Cascio, C.F. (1995). Pengurusan sumber manusia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Chaiyot, R. (1986). An evaluation of the undergraduate educational technology program atSrinakharinwirot University Mahasarakham, Thailand. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Illinois StateUniversity.Chen, H. T. (2005). Practical program evaluation: Assessing and improving planning,implementation, and effectiveness. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Chew Siew Ghee. (2005). Transition from school to work: Individual life courses within socialstructures. Singapore: Times Academic Press.Chia, W.M. & Li, M. (2011). Malaysia in M.J. Montesano & P.O. Lee (eds). Regional Outlook:Southeast Asia 2011-2012. Singapore: ISEAS.Christie, C. A., & Alkin, M. C. (2013). Evaluation roots: A wider perspective oftheorists views and influences. Thousand Oaks: Sage.Clancey, W. J. (1995). A tutorial on situated learning. Retrived on 26 October, 2016from http://methodenpool.unikoeln.de/situierteslernen/clancey_situated_learning.pdf.Clarke. L. & Winch. C. (2007). Vocational Education: International approaches,developments and systems. New York: Routledge.Coaks, J. Sheridan. (2005). SPSS Version 12.0 for Windows. Analysis Without Anguish.CMO Image Printing Price, Singapore.Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Second Edition.Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.Cohen, J. (1992). Quantitative methods in psychology: A power primer. PsychologicalBulletin, 112(1), 155-159.Cohen, E. G. & Lotan, R. A. (2014). Designing Groupwork: Strategies for theHeterogeneous Classroom Third Edition. New York: Teachers College Press.Cooper, D.R. & Emory, C.W. (1995). Business research method. New York: The McGraw-HillCompanies, Inc.Corcoran, E. (1981). Trasition shock, the beginning teachers paradox. Journal Of TeacherEducation, 32(3), 19-23.Cree. V.E. & Macaulay. C. (2000). Transfer of learning in professional and vocational education.London: Routledge.Cresswell, J.W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methodsapproaches research. Fourth Edition. SAGE Publication, Inc.Cronbach, L.J, (1963). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of test. Psychometrika, 16,297-334.Dalton, A. (1990). Adventures in thinking. Australia: Thomas Nelson.Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). Evaluating teacher effectiveness: How teacherperformance assessments can measure and improve teaching. Center for AmericanProgress. Retrived on November 19, 2016, fromhttp:// www. http://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED535859.Davis, G.A. & Thomas, M.A. (1989). Effective schools and effective teachers.Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.Deissinger, T., Heine, R., & Ott, M. (2011). The dominance of apprenticeships in theGerman VET system and its implications for Europeanisation: a comparative view in thecontext of the EQF and the European LLL strategy. Journal Of Vocational Education &Training, 63(3), 397-416.Denson, C. D., Kelley, T. R., & Wicklein, R. C. (2016). Integrating engineering design intotechnology education: Georgia's perspective. Journal of STEM Teacher Education, 46(1), 1-7. Retrieved on November 16, 2016, fromhttp://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/jste/vol46/iss1/7.Dewey, J. (1940). My Pedagogic Creed. Education Today, 1-17.Dawley, L. & Dede, C. (2014). Situated learning in virtual worlds and immersivesimulations. In J.M., Spector, M.D., Merrill, J., Elen, & M.J., Bishop (Eds.) Handbookof research on educational communications and technology. New York, Springer, 723-734.Doel, M. & Shardlow, S. M. (2012). Modern social work practice: Teaching and learning inpractice settings. USA: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.Dortch Cassandria. (2012). Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006:Implementation Issues. Laporan Congressional Research Service. Retrieved on September 6,2016, from http: www.fas,org/sgp/crs/misc/R42863.pdf.Drucker, P.F. (1999). Management challenges for the 21?? century. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Duffy, T. M. & Jonassen, D. H.. (2013). Constructivism and the technology of instruction: Aconversation. London: Routledge.Dyrenfurth, M.J., Hatch, L.J. & Kozak, M. (1991). Technological literacy. 40?? Yearbook.New York: STIE.Ee Ah Meng. (2003). Ilmu Pendidikan. Selangor: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn, Bhd.Eisner, E.W. (1976). Educational connoisseurship and criticism: Their forms and functions ineducational evaluation. Journal of Aesthetic Education, 10, 135-150.Effandi Zakaria & Zanaton Iksan. (2006). Promoting cooperative learning in science and mathematicseducation: a Malaysian perpective. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and TechnologyEducation, 3(1), 35-39.Eseryel, D. (2002). Approaches to evaluation of training: Theory & practice. Educational technology& society, 5(2), 436-452.Fazidah Mohd. Jaafar. (2002). Persepsi guru dan pelajar terhadap pelaksanaan kaedahpengajaran dan pembelajaran matematik secara kontekstual di Sekolah Menengah Teknik di NegeriMelaka. Projek Penyelidikan Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Finch, C.G. (1984). Strategic planning in education: A guide for policy makers.Alexandria, Va: National School Boards Association.Finch, C.R. & Crunkilton, J.R. (1999). Curriculum development in vocational and technical education: Planning, content and implementation, 5?? edition. Massachusetts:Allyn and Bacon, Inc.Fitzpatrick, J.L., Sanders, J.R., Worten, B.R. (2004). Program evaluation: Alternativeapproaches and practical guidelines Third Edition. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Fong, Y.K. (2000). Persepsi pelajar perdagangan tahun pertama dan guru Bahasa Inggeris mengenaikekuatan dan kelemahan kursus Commercial English 1 di Politeknik Ungku Omar, Ipoh, Perak.Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Malaya.Fong, C.O. (2007). Enhancing organizational effectiveness through superior human capitalmanagement. The National Human Resources summit 2007. Crowne Plaza Mutiara, Kuala Lumpur, 2 & 3July.Forehand, M. (2010). Bloom's taxonomy: Original and revised.. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emergingperspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved on January 19, 2015 , fromhttp://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt.Fosnot, C. T. (2013). Constructivism: Theory, perspectives, and practice. New York:Teachers College Press.Foss, P., Carney, N., McDonald, K., & Rooks, M. (2007). Project-Based LearningActivities for Short-Term Intensive English Programs. Asian EFL,Journal, 23, 1- 19.Fowzia Osman. (1990). Penilaian program peralihan kemahiran hidup (pilihan B)tingkatan satu di Wilayah Persekutuan. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia.Frank & Miles. (2008). Student-Centred leadership. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons Frost, D.,Andrew Edwards, & Helen Reynolds. (1995). Careers education and guidance.London: Kogan Page.Fulford, C.P. (1993). Can learning be more efficient? Using compressed speech audio tapeto enhance systematically designed text. Educational Technology, 32 (2): 51- 59.Fullan, M. (Eds). (2014). Teacher development and educational change. London:Routledge.Gabriel, R.A. (1975). Program evaluation: A social science approach. New York: MSS InformationCorporation.Gall, M.D., Gall, J.P., & Borg, W.R. (2003). Education research: An introduction. Edisi ke-7.Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Garmston, R. (1991). Staff development as social architects: Educational leadership.Journal of the association for supervision and curriculum development, 6(2), 7-11.Gay, L.R. & Airasian, P. (2018). Educational research 12?? Ed.: Competencies for ndapplication. New Jersey: Prantice-Hall Inc.George, E.R. (2006). The effectiveness of project lead the way Curricula in developingPre-engineering Competencies as Perceived by Indiana Teachers. Journal of TechnologyEducation, 18(1), 107-121.George, E.R. (2005). Pre-engineering's place in technology education and its effect ontechnological literacy as perceived by technology education teachers. Journal of Industrial TeacherEducation, 42 (1), 53-71.Gessler, M., & Howe, F. (2013). The German dual vocational training system: The origin of thecurrent architecture. Research Report on Technology and Vocational Education: Research on Technology Education, 10: 17-28. Retrieved on december 3, 2016, from http://ir.nul.nagoya-u.ac.jp/jspui/bitstream/2237/19014/1/3.pdf.Gloeckner, G. (1991). The integration of science, technology, and matematics. Journal of TechnologyEducation, 2(2), 28-40.Graaff, E. & A. Kolmos. (2003). Characteristics of Problem-Based Learning.International Journal of Engineering Education, 19(5), 657-662.Granheim (1990). Evaluation as policy making: Introducing evaluation into nationaldecentralized education system. London: Jessica Kingsley Publisher.Grant, M. (2009). Understanding projects in Project-Based Learning: A student'sperspective. Pembentangan Kertas Kerja di Annual Meetings of the American EducationalResearch Association. San Diego, CA. April, 2009.Gray, K.C. & Herr, E.L. (1998). Workforce education: The basics. Boston: Allyn andBacon.Gray, K., & Gray, K.C. (2008). Getting real: Helping teens find their future. Los Angeles,California: Corwin Press.Gredler, M.E. (1996). Program evaluation. New York: Prantice hall.Green, R.H. (1979). Sampling design and statistical menthod for environmentalbiologists. New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons.Greinert, W.D. (1994). The German system of vocational education. History,Organization, Prospects. Baden-Baden: Nomos.Greinert, W.D. (2002). European vocational training systems: the theoretical context of historicaldevelopment. Towards a history of vocational education and training(VET) in Europe in a comparative perspective, 17.Grimes, W.P. & Willey, T.E. (1990). The effectiveness of microcomputer simulation inteaching. Journal of computer education, 14 (1), 81-86.Guba, E.G. & Lincoln, Y. S. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Hair, J.E., Anderson, R.E. Tatham, R.L., & Black, W.C. (2009). Multivariate dataanalysis. Ed. Ke-5. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.Halpern, A.S. (1994). The transition of youth with disabilities to adult life: A position statementof the Division on Career Development in Transition. Retrived on January 21, 2012, fromhttps://web.auburn.edu/institute/multimedia/al_transition/08_Publications/03_Online_Journal/02F_definition1.pdf.Halpern, R. (2013). The means to grow up: Reinventing apprenticeship as adevelopmental support in adolescence. New York: Routledge.Hammond, R. (1973). Evaluation at the local level. Arizona: EDIC evaluation Center Ltd.Hannas, W.C. (2003). The writing on the wall: how Asian orthography curbs creativity.Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Hanushek, Eric A., Ludger Woessmann, & Lei Zhang. (2011). General education, vocationaleducation, and labor-market outcomes over the life-cycle. NBER Working Paper 17504.Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. Doi: 10.3368/jhr.52.1.0415-7074R.Harlen, W. (1999). Effective teaching of science: A review of research. Glasgow: TheScottish Council for Research in Education (SCRE).Harris, M. & Wilson, V. (2003a). Designs on the Curriculum? A Review of the Literature on theImpact of Design and Technology in Schools in England,(Research report 401) DfES, London.Harris, M. & Wilson, V. (2003b). Designing the Best: A Review of Effective Teaching and Learningof Design and Technology. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 13, 223 241.Hasan Langgulung. (1991). Pendidikan Islam menghadapi abad ke 21. Shah Alam: HIZBIHassan Basri bin Awang Mat Dahan. (2002). Language testing: The construction andValidation. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.Hashim Ahmad. (2009). Penglibatan guru cemerlang dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaransains dan matematik dalam Bahasa Inggeris. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysa.Herod, L. (2000). Integrating technology into Canadian adult literacy programs:Curriculum evaluation considerations. Retrieved on September 23, 2011, fromhttp://www.nald.ca/fulltext/herod/april/april.pdf.Heylighen, F. & Joslyn, C. (1992). Systems theory: What are cybernetics and systemsscience? Retrieved on May 8, 2011, from Principia Cybernetica Web. http://www.pespmcl.vub.ac.be/SYSTHEOR.html.Henson, K. T. (2015). Curriculum planning: Integrating multiculturalism, constructivism, andeducation reform. New York: Waveland Press.Hisham Al Talib. (1991). Training guide for Islamic workers. Herndon, Virginia, USA: IIFSO.Hogan, R.L. (2007). The historical development of pogram evaluation: exploring the past angpresent. Online Journal of Workforce Education and Development, 2 (4), 1-14. Retrived on November 10, 2016, from http:// www.opensiuc.lib.edu.Hopkins, D. (2014). A teacher's guide to classroom research 5?? edition. UK: McGraw- HillEducation.Hossain, M. A., Tarmizi, R. A., & Mohd Ayub, A. F. (2014). Collaborative andcooperative learning in Malaysian mathematics education. Journal on MathematicsEducation, 3(02), 103-114.Hou, S.K. (1993). A comparison of competencies by the commerce and those taught in comercialvocational senior high schools: As percieved by former students and teachers of financein Taiwan, Republic of China. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. National Taiwan University.House, E.R. & Howe, K.R. (2000). Deliberative democratic evaluation checklist.Retrieved on Jun 5, 2011, from http://www.wmich.edu/evalctr/checklists/dd_checklist.htm.Howard R. D. Gordan (2008). The history and growth of career and technical education in Americathird edition. Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc.Howard R. D. Gordan (2014). The history and growth of career and technical education in Americafourth edition. Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc.Huda Wahida Rosli, Fauziah Baharom, Norida Muhd. Darus, Harryizman Harun, HaslinaMohd, & Ali Yusny Daud. (2012). Argumented reality implementation inpreschool environment using experiental learning model perspective. Kertas Kerjadibentangkan dalam International Conference Active Learning. 19 20 September, 2012. Melaka. Retrived on 11 November 2016, fromhttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Siti_Nurul_Mahfuzah_Mohamad2/publication/292979436_Online_Multiple_Intelligence_Tools_for_Teaching_at_Polytechnic/links/56b356d608ae2c7d5caed20f.pdf#page=91.Huitt, W. (2003). A transactional model of the teaching/learning process. Retrieved on May 8, 2011,from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/materials/tchlrnmd.html.Hull, D.M. & Souders, J. C. (1999). Enhancing technical literacy through Tech Prep. Centerfoor Occupattional Research and Development. Waco, Texas. Retrieved on May 8, 2011, fromhttp://www.nae.edu/nae/NAETech.nsf/weblinks/KGRG- 582SQ2? OpenDocument.Husin Mohd Yusof. (2006). Penilaian terhadap perancangan dan pelaksanaan programpembelajran konteksual di Sekolah-sekolah Menengah Teknik di Malaysia. Tesis Doktor. Falsafah.Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Husted S. W., Mason R. E. & Adams E. (2003). Cooperative occupational educationincluding internships, apprenticeships and Tech-Prep. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.Hsieh. W.K. & Hsiao, L. (2001). Evaluation of junior colleges of commerce: The Taiwan case.International Conference on Engineering Education. Oslo, Norway, 6-20 Ogos.Hsiung, C. M. (2012). The effectiveness of cooperative learning. Journal of Engineering Education,101(1), 119.Hyslop-Margison, E. J. (1999). An assessment of the historical arguments in vocational education reform. Retrived on November 28, 2016, fromhttp://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED435825.pdf.Ibrahim Mamat. (2001a). Pengetua Sekolah: Menangani isu dan cabaran kepimpinan.Kuala Lumpur: Kumpulan Budiman Sdn. Bhd.Ibrahim Mamat. (2001b). Reka bentuk dan pengurusan latihan: Konsep dan amalan.Kuala Lumpur: Dewan bahasa dan pustaka.Indira Madhukar, (2003). Changing demands of technical and vocational education.Delhi: Authors press.Institut Pendidikan Buck. (2008). Project Based Learning: The online resource for PBL. n November15, 2016, from http://pbl-online.org.International Technology Education Association (2000). Standards for technological literacy: Content for the study of technology. Reston, VA: International TechnologyEducation Association.International Technology Education Association (2003). Advancing excellence intechnological literacy: Student assessment, professional development, and programstandards. Reston, VA: International Technology Education Association.Isaac, S. & Michael, W.B. (1984). Handbook in research and evaluation. San Diego,California: Edits Publishers.Isa, M., Medina, N. I., Abdullah, H., & Shihah, M. (2013). Pembelajaran BerasaskanProjek: Takrifan, teori dan perbandingannya dengan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah.CREAM-Current Research in Malaysia, 2(1), 181-194.Ismail, S., & Atan, A. (2011). Aplikasi pendekatan penyelesaian masalah dalampengajaran mata pelajaran Teknikal dan Vokasional di Fakulti Pendidikan UTM.Journal of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 113-144.Ismail Bakar, Ayob Johari, Maizam Alias & Noraini Kaprawi. (2004). Pejuruteraan semulapendidikan teknikal dan vokasional: satu cetusan pemikiran dan tinjauan. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknikal3(1), 24-36.Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (2005). Rancangan Malaysia ke-9 2006-2010. Putrajaya: Unit PerancanganEkonomi, Jabatan Perdana Menteri.Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (2010). Rancangan Malaysia ke-10 2011-2015. Putrajaya: Unit PerancanganEkonomi, Jabatan Perdana Menteri.Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (2015). Rancangan Malaysia ke-11 2015-2020. Putrajaya: Unit PerancanganEkonomi, Jabatan Perdana Menteri.Jain, S. (2014). Methods of training programmes evaluation: A review. The Journal ofCommerce, 6(2), 19.Jamil. (1993). Tinjauan mengenai kekangan-kekangan dalam perlaksanaan sains KBSM di Sekolah sekolah menengah di Negeri Kedah. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Jamil Ahmad. (2002). Pemupukan budaya penyelidikan di kalangan guru di sekolah: Satu penilaian.Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Jamil Abd Baser. (2008). Pembelajaran informal bagi guru mata pelajaran TeknologiKejuruteraan. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Jandhyala, B. G. T. (2002). Vocational education and training in Asia: The handbook on educationalresearch in the Asia Pacific region. New Delhi: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Jemaah Nazir Sekolah. (1993). Buku Panduan Pengurusan Profesional Sekolah Menengah.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Johnson, D.W & Johnson, R (1985). Learning together and alone: Cooperativecompetitive and individualistic learning. First Edition. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.Johnson, S. D. (1997). Learning Technological Concepts and Developing Intellectual Skills.International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 7, 161 -180.Johnson, S.M. (1986). Incentives for teachers: What motivates, what matters.Educational administration quarterly, 22(3), 54-79.Jonassen, D., & Land, S. (Eds.). (2012). Theoretical foundations of learningenvironments. New York: Routledge.Joyce, B., Calhoun, E., & Hopkins, D. (1997) Models of Learning - tools for teaching, Buckingham:Open University Press.Juraidah Mat Jelani. (2005). Penilaian Rancangan Latihan Mengajar (RLM) program pendidikanguru Universiti Utara Malaysia. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Kaldi, S. Filippatou, D. & Govaris, C. (2011). Project-based learning in primary schools: Effectson pupils' learning and studies. Education, 39(1), 35-47.Kamaruddin Hj. Husin. (1986). Kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa. Subang Jaya: Sarjana.Kamarudin Husin. (1986). Panduan Latihan Mengajar. Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann.Kamarul Azmi Jasmi, AB. Halim Tamuri, & Mohd Izham Mohd Hamzah. (2010). FaktorPentadbir dalam Kecemerlangan Guru Cemerlang Pendidikan Islam dan Guru di sekolah menengah: Satikajian kes. Journal of Islamic and Arabic Education, 2(1), 13-20.Kamat, H.D & David, A. (2007). Vocational education. New Delhi: Crescent Publishing Corporation.Kane, M.B, Khattari, N.Reeve, A.L., & Alison, L. (1998). Principle and practices ofperformance assessment. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.Kang, T.L. (1994). A study of evaluation method of vocational training effectiveness.Department of Vocational Training of Executive. Yuan, Rep. of China: Kwang Hua Publishing Co.Kang, M., Heo, H., Jo I. H., Shin, J., & Seo, J. (2010). Developing educationalperformance indicator for new millennium learners. Journal of Research on Technology inEducation, 43(2), 157-170.Keirl, S. (2002). What has ethics to do with design and technology education? In Sayers, S.,Morley, J., & Barnes, B. (Eds.). Issues in Design and Technology Teaching. (191 207). London:RoutledgeFalmer.Keller, R.F.(2005). Program planing for organizations. Ontario: Queens Printer.Kelly, A.V. (2009). The curriculum: Theory and practice 6T? Edition. London: SAGEPublications Ltd.Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (1956). Penyata jawatankuasa pelajaran. Kuala Lumpur.Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (1979). Laporan jawatankuasa kabinet mengkajipelaksanaan dasar pelajaran. Kuala Lumpur.Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (1986). Pendidikan di Malaysia. Bahagian Perancangan & PenyelidikanPelajaran. Kuala Lumpur.Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2001a). Pembangunan pendidikan 2001 2010. Kuala Lumpur: AGGrafik Sdn. Bhd.Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2001b). Education in Malaysia: A journey toexcellence. Kuala Lumpur: Unit Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Pendidikan.Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2006). Pelan induk pembangunan pendidikan 2006- 2010.Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (1995). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (1996). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur:KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (1997). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur:KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (1998). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur:KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (1999). Laporan Tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2003). Kurikulum bersepadu sekolah menengah harian sukatanpelajaran tingkatan IV & V. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2004). Sistem penilaian dan peperiksaan. Kuala Lumpur:Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2006). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur:KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2007). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2008). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2009). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2010). Laporan tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: KPM.Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Pelan pembangunan pendidikan Malaysia2013-2025 (Pendidikan prasekolah hingga lepasan menengah). Putrajaya.Kim, K.H. (2005). Learning from each other: Creativity in East Asian and Americaneducation. Creativity Research Journal, 17 (4), 337-347.Kirkpatrick, D.L. (1996). Implementation for the four levels of evaluation. Retrived on August2, 2017 from, http://www.astd.org/virtual_community/comm_evaluation/ reading.html.Kirkpatrick, D.L. (1998). Evaluating training program: The four level (2nd ed.) SanFransicco,CA: Berrett-Koehler Pub. Inc.Kirkpatrick, D. L. (2006). Evaluating training programs: The four levels. San Francisco:Berrett-Koehler.Klaus Schwab (2017). The fourth industrial revolution. England: Penguin Book Ltd. Kolb, D. A.(1984). Experiential learning as a source of development. New Jersey:Prentice Hall.Kolb, D. A. (2015). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning anddevelopment (2?? edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.Kothari, C. R. (2012). Research Methodology: An introduction. In Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques (p. 418). Retrieved on November 23, 2016, fromhttp://www.newagepublishers.com/samplechapter/000896.pdf.Kourilsky, M. (1973). An adversary model for educational evaluation. EvaluationComment, 4(2), 3-6.Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities.Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.Lave, J. & Wenger, E. (2002). Legitimate peripheral participation in communities ofpractice. Supporting lifelong learning, 1, 111-126.Lau, S., Hui, A.N.N., & Ng, G.Y.C. (2004). Creativity when east meets west. Singapore: WorldScientific Publishing Company.Lauglo. J. & Lillis. K. (1988). Vocationalizing Education: An International Perspective.England: Pergamon Press.Lauglo, J. & Maclean, R. (2005). Vocationalisation of secondary education revisited (Vol.1). New York: Springer Science & Business Media.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia (LPM). (2003). Buku format pentaksiran mata pelajaran TeknologiKejuruteraan mulai SPM 2004. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2006). Dokumen pentaksiran kerja kursus TeknologiKejuruteraan 3764/3 SPM: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia (LPM). (2003). Buku format pentaksiran mata pelajaran LukisanKejuruteraan mulai SPM 2004. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2006). Dokumen pentaksiran kerja kursus Lukisan Kejuruteraan3759/2 SPM: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia (LPM). (2003). Buku format pentaksiran mata pelajaran Reka Cipta mulaiSPM 2004. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia. (2006). Dokumen pentaksiran kerja kursus Reka Cipta 3763/2 SPM:Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.Leonard, E. C., Jr. & Hilgert, R. L. (2004). Supervision: Concepts and practices ofmanagement (9th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Publishing.Levine, M., Brown, E., Fitzgerald, C., Goplerud, E., Gordon, M. E., Jayne-Lazarus, C., & Slater, J.(1978). Adapting the jury trial for program evaluation: A report of an experience. Evaluation andProgram Planning, 1(3), 177-186.Lewis, M. (2008). Effectiveness of previous initiatives similar to programs of study: Tech prep, career pathways, and youth apprenticeships. Career and TechnicalEducation Research, 33(3), 165-188.Lewkowicz, J.A. & Moon, J. (1985). Evaluation: A way of involving the learner. InAlderson, J. C. (Ed.). Lancaster Practical Papers in English Language Education vol. 6, 45-80.Leyden. G. (2008). Unemployment in Brussels: Between skill mismatch and jobcompetitaion: about the need to combine selective and comprehensive employmentpolicies in the Brussels-Capital Region. The e-journal for academic research on Brussels. Issue 14.Lilia Halim. (2009). Research on pedagogical content knowledge in Malaysia. In Onno De Jong &Lilia Halim (Pyt.). Teachers professional knowledge in science and mathematics education :view from Malaysia and Abroad, hlm. 35-51. Faculty of Education. Bangi: Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia.Lim Chong Hin. (2007). Penyelidikan pendidikan, pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif.Shah Alam, Selangor: Mc Graw Hill Education.Linn, R.L. & Miller, M.D. (2005). Measurement and assessment in teaching. New York: Prentice Hall.Lohani, B.N. (2013). Building knowledge economies in Asian requires education,innovation. Jakarta Globe, 30th April.Lowden, K., Hall, S., Elliot, D., & Lewin, J. (2011). Employers: Perception of theemployability skills for new graduates. London: Edge foundation.Luck, L. T. & Peng, C. F. (2010). Maximizing the ssage of technology-enhanced teaching andlearning of Science and Mathematics in English program in the Malaysian secondary schoolssystem. Online Submission, 7(10), 87-97.Lynn Olsen. (1997). School to work. USA: Wesley Longman , Inc.Maclean, R. & Lai, A. (2011). Editorial: The future of technical and vocational education and training: Global challenges and possibilities. International Journal of TrainingResearch, 9(1-2), 2-15.Madaus, G.F., Scriven, M., & Stufflebeam, D.L. (2012). Evaluation models: Viewpoints on educational and human services evaluation. Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing.Manan, K. A., Nor, S. M., & Omar, B. (2013). Model penilaian kirkpatrick: mengkajipengaruh komunikasi terhadap keberkesanan latihan. Jurnal Komunikasi;Malaysian Journal of Communication, 29(2), 31-50.Mardevan . M. (1990). Kajian keberkesanan kursus dalam perkhidmatan untuk guru-guru mata pelajaranKemahiran Hidup. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan, Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Madonia, R.P. (1998). A formative evaluation of the development of a Language ArtsCurriculum initiative in writing. Tesis Doktor falsafah. University of Sarasota.Mathews, J.M., & Hudson, A.M. (2001). Guidelines for evaluating parent training programs.Family Relations, 50(1), 77-87.M. Bakri Musa. (2003). An education system worthy of Malaysia. New York: Writer ClubPress.Mc Cormick, R. (2004). Issues in learning and knowledge in Technology Education.International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 14, 21 44.Md. Baharuddin Abdul Rahman, Hairul Nizam Ismail, Khairul Azhar Mat Daud & Mohd Ariff Ibrahim.(2011). The outcome based education (OBE) at Politeknik Kota Bharu, Malaysia.International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1(8), 23-30.Merriam, S. & Caffarella. (1998). Learning in adulthood. A comprehensive guide. SanFrancisco: Jossey-Bass.Mertler, C. A. & Charles, C. M. (2005). Introduction to educational research (5th ed.).Boston: Allyn & Bacon.Middlebrooks, A.E. & Slupski, Z.G. (2002). The an ism field trip: Service-learning for grown-ups.American Association for Higher Education Annual Conference, 7(1), 131-139.Miller, J. & Seller, W. (1990). Curriculum: Perspectives and practice. Toronto: CoppClark Pitman.Miles, K.H. & Frank, S. (2008). The strategic school. USA : Corwin press.Mitra, S., Dangwal, R., Chatterjee, S., Jha, S., Bisht, R. S., & Kapur, P. (2005).Acquisition of computing literacy on shared public computers: Children and the" hole in the wall".Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 21(3), 407.Mohd Noh Sarip & Md. Nasir Abd Manan. (2002). Lukisan Kejuruteraan tingkatan empat.Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Mohd Salleh Lebar. (2000). Pentadbiran pendidikan dan pendidikan di Malaysia. ya: AddisonWesley Longman Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.Mohammed Sani Ibrahim. (1992). Satu penilaian terhadap pendidikan guru dalam perkhidmatandi Malaysia dan implikasinya untuk masa depan. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia.Mohammed Sani Ibrahim. (1998). Perancangan dan strategi latihan guru-guru sekolah bestari.Kertas Kerja Seminar: Isu-Isu Pendidikan Negara. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 2627 November.Mohd. Shahandri Hamzah. (1998). Perbandingan komitmen kerja guru pelatih dengan polapengajaran dalam praktikum. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Mohd. Sidek Said & Ting Len Siong. (2007). Ingin menjadi guru. Seri Kembangan: Print Scipe Sdn.Bhd.Mok Song Sang. (2010). Psikologi pendidikan dan pedagogi murid dan alam belajar.Kuala Lumpur. Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn. Bhd.Morley, J. (2002a). The challenge for design and technology dducation. In Sayers, S.,Morley, J. & Barnes, B. (Eds.). Issues in Design and Technology Teaching. (ms. 3 12). London : RoutledgeFalmer.Morley, J. (2002b). How can we meet the challenges posed by a new model of practical scholarship?Dalam Sayers, S., Morley, J. & Barnes, B. (Eds.). Issues in Design and Technology Teaching. (ms.13 26). London: RoutledgeFalmer.Murphy, D.F. (1985). Evaluation in language teaching: Assessment, accountabilty andAwareness. England: Pargamon Press Ltd and Lanchester University.Musiime, Reuben. (1996). A Critical evaluation of the religious education curriculum for Secondaryschool student in Uganda. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. University of North Texas.Naimah Md. Khalil. (2008). Penilaian keberkesanan program latihan industri sangkutan ke industripensyarah politeknik. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Nachiappan, S., Jantan, R., & Shukor, A. A. A. (2008). Psikologi pendidikan. KualaLumpur: Oxford Fajar.Namara, C.M. (1998). Basic guide to program evaluation. Retrieved on Jun 27, 2011, fromhttp://www.mapnp.org/library/evaluation/fnl_eval.htm.Nation, M. L. (2008). Project based learning for sustainable development. Journal ofGeography, 107(3), 102-111.National Employers Skills Survey. (2003). Key findings. Coventry, UK: Institute forEmployment Research, University of Warwick.NEAC. (2010). New economic model for Malaysia: Part 1sStrategic policy direction.Kuala Lumpur: National Economic Advisory Council (NEAC).Newman, W.L. (2002). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitativeapproaches. Edisi ke-4. New York: Alyn and Bacon.Ng, A.K. (1999). Why Asians are less creative than Westerner? Singapore: Prentice-Hall.Ng, Khar-Thoe & Fong, Soon-Fook. (2004). Linking students through Project-Based Learningvia information and communication technology integration: Exemplary programme with best practices.Kertas Kerja dibentangkan dalam Seminar on Best Practices and Innovations in the Teaching and Learning of Science and Mathematics at the Secondary Level. 18 22 Julai, 2004.Bayview Beach Resort, Penang. Retrived on 25 October 2016, from http://ent.library.utm.my/Nik Azis Nik Pa & Noraini Idris. (2008). Perjuangan memperkasakan pendidikan diMalaysia: pengalaman 50 tahun merdeka. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication & Distribution Sdn Bhd.Nik Mohd Rahimi Nik Yusoff. (2005). Penilaian kemahiran mendengar dalam kurikulum Bahasa Arabkuminikasi di Sekolah-sekolah Agama Kerajaan Negeri. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia.Nixon, J. (1992). Evaluating the whole curriculum. Philadelphia: Open.Nordin Abu Bakar. (2011). Penilaian program mata pelajaran vokasional bagi bidang pertanian disekolah menengah harian. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Noraini Idris. (2009). Enhancing students understanding in calculus trough writing.International Electronics Journal of Mathematics Education, (4), 36-55.Noor Akmar Hj. Jais. (2006). Ciri-ciri guru berkesan dan faktor motivasi dari persepsipentadbir sekolah dan guru. Tesis Sarjana. Fakulti Pendidikan, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia.Noor Shah Saad. (1992). Pendidikan guru matematik sekolah rendah: Persepsi guru lepasan dan pensyarah maktab perguruan dan Guru Besar. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia.Norasmah Othman. (2002). Keberkesanan program keusahawanan remaja di sekolah menengah. Tesis Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan. Universiti PutraMalaysia.Nordin Abu Bakar, (2011). Penilaian pelaksanaan program mata pelajaran MPV(Pertanian). Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Nordvall, R.c. & Braxton, J.M. (1996). An alternative definition of quality of undergraduate collage education: Toward usable knowledge for improvement. Journal ofHigher Education, 67(5), 483-497.Oakland, J.S. (1996). Pengurusan kualiti menyeluruh. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.OECD. (2011). Higher education in regional and city development: State of Penang.OECD Publication.Oliver, A.L. (1997). Curriculum development. New York: Harper and Row Publishers Inc.Olivia, E. (2000). Curriculum development an evaluation. Retrieved on Jun 13, 2011, fromhttp://www.scis.nova.edu/~ rendulic/date 747/ CIPP.model.htmOregon Technology in Education Council (OTEC) (2007). Situated Learning (From: theories and transfer of learning). Retrived on 25 October, 2016 fromhttp://otec.uoregon.edu/learning_theory.htm#SituatedLearning.Ornstein, A.C. (1976). Teaching in a new era. Illnois: Slipes.Ornstein, A.C. & Hunkins, F.P. (1998). Curriculum, principles and issues. Third Edition.Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Ornstein, A.C. & Hunkins, F.P. (2017). Curriculum, principles and issues. SeventhEdition. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Owens, T. R. (1973). Educational evaluation by adversary proceeding. School evaluation: Thepolitics and process. Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 295-305.Owens, R.G. (1995). Organizational behavior in education. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis usingSPSS for Windows (Version 10). Buckingham, Philadelphia: Open University Press.Paris, S.G. & Winograd, P. (1995). Contextual teaching: Principles and practices forteacher preparation. Paper for the U.S. Department of Education Project.Parlett, M. & Hamilton, D. (1972). Evaluation as illumination: A new approach to the study ofinnovatory programs. Centre of Research in the Educational Science,University of Edinburg Occational.Pasovac, E.J. & Carey, R.G. (1980). Program evaluation: Methods and case studies.Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-HallPosavac, E. (2015). Program evaluation: Methods and case studies 8?? edition. New York: Routledge.Patton, M.Q. (1987). How to use qualitative method in Evaluation. Newbury Park: CA Sage.Patton, M. Q. (2008). Utilization-focused evaluation: The new century text. ThousandOaks, CA: Sage.Popham, W. J. (1969). Behavioral objectives and teaching skills. Forum 8(1), 4-7.Popham, W.J. (1993). Eduacational evaluation third edition. United States of America: Allyn andBacon.Pratt, D. (1980). Curriculum design and development. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc.Pratt, D. (1994). Curriculum planning: A handbook for professionals. New York: Harcourt.Provus, M.M. (1971). Discrepancy evaluation for educational program improvement and assessment.Berkeley, California: Mc Cutchan Publishing.Quah Chun Hoo, Aizzat Nasurdin, Guok Eng Chai & Joshua Ignatius. (2009).Employers preference for foreign trained graduates-Myth or reality? European Journal ofScientific Research, 34 (3), 372-383.Radin Mohd Shamsul Zahril Hirzin. (2008). Penilaian program pentaksiran berasaskan sekolah Teknologi kejuruteraan SPM. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Rashidah Ahmad Dahari. (2001). Pelaksanaan sistem penilaian mata pelajaran reka cipta disekolah-sekolah menengah negeri Johor. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Rashid Johar. (2000). Pengukuran dan penilaian dalam penyelidikan, Teluk Datok, banting:ATM Publishing Ent.Rae, L. 1999. Using evaluation in training and development. UK: Kogan Page.Ramlee Mustapha. (1999). The role of vocational and technical education in theindustrialization of Malaysia as perceived by educators and employers. TesisDoktor Falsafah. Universiti Purdue. Indiana.Ramlee Mustapha & Abu Abdullah. (2002). School-to-work and vocational training inMalaysia. International Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 8, 69-88.Ramlee Mustapha & Greenan, J. (2002). The role of vocational education in economic development inMalaysia: educators and employers perspectives. Journal of Industrial Teachers, 39(2),58-78.Ramlee Mustapha, Ruhizan Mohd Yasin & Hamdan Mohd. Ali (2003). Integrasi akademik danvokasional: Rasional dan cabaran. Jurnal Pendidikan 28(1): 77-90.Ramlee Mustapha & Abu Abdullah. (2004). Malaysia transition toward a knowledge- basedeconomy. The Journal of Technology Studies, 30(3), 51- 61.Ramlee Mustapha. (2004). International perspectives on workforce education anddevelopment: Workforce education and development in East Asia and the Pasific. The University ofGeorgia. Connecticut: Information Age Publishing.Ramlee Mustapha & Noraini Mohd Salleh. (2007). Self-fulfilling prophecy and digitaldevide revisited: Vocational and IT competencies of special needs population in Malaysia. MalaysianJournal of Social Work, 6(1), 33-65.Ramlee Mustapha, Faridah Karim, Ruhizan Mohd Yasin, Norzaini Azman, Hamidah Yamat, AbdulWahab Muhammad & Sobri Takriff. (2008). K-Economy and Globalization: Are Our Students Ready?Journal Personalia Pelajar, 11, 1-23.Ramlee Mustapha. (2013a). Transforming education toward K-economy in Malaysia.International Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 1-15.Ramlee Mustapha. (2013b). Sejarah pendidikan kejuruan di Nusantara: Pembangunan identiti Negara-Bangsa serta modal insan di Malaysia dan Indonesia. SUSURGALUR: JurnalKajian Sejarah & Pendidikan Sejarah, 1(1), 61-74.Ramlee Mustapha & Zaharatul Laili Abdul Rahim. (2016). Problem-Based Learning in Malaysiantechnical school. EDUCARE, 4(1), 41-54.Ramlee B, Mustapha. (2017). Skills training and vocational education in Malaysia. InSamuel, M., Tee, M.Y., & Symaco, M.L. (Eds.), Education in Malaysia:Developments and Challenges (ms. 137 153). Singapore: Springer.Ravitz, J. (2010). Beyond changing culture in small high schools: Reform models and changinginstruction with Project-Based Learning. Peabody Journal of Education, 85, 290-312.Razali Aroff. (1987). Model-model penilaian dalam pendidikan: satu penjelasan danperbandingan. Terbitan berkala, 5, 1-15. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Razali Aroff. (1996). Pengantar kurikulum. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Reid, B. (2004). A critical analysis of evaluation practice: The Kirkpatrick model and theprinciple of beneficence. Evaluation and Program Planning, 27, 341 347.Resnick, L.B. & Hall, M.W. (1998). Learning organizations for sustainable educationreform. Daedalus, 127, 89-118.Richey, R.C., & Klein, J.D. (2014). Design and development research: Methods,strategies, and issues. London: Routledge.Rippey, R.M. (1977). Transactional Evaluation and the Improvement of Instruction. Educational Technology, 17(2), 7-11.Robert J. P. (2005). Introduction to engineering technology. New Jersy: Pearson Prentice Hall.Roblyer, M.D. (2006). Integrating educational technology into teaching (4?? ed.). Upper SaddleRiver, NJ: Prentice Hall.Rohaila Yusof, Norasmah Othman, Faridah Karim. (2005). Strategi pembelajaranpengalaman berasaskan model Kolb dan pendidikan Perakauanan. Journal Pendidikan, 30,113-128.Rosehan Bin Hashim. (1994). Pandangan pengetua, guru dan pelajar sekolah menengah vokasionalmengenai ciri-ciri guru pertukangan yang berkualiti. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia.Rossafri Mohamad & Shabariah bt. Mohamad Shariff. (2011). Kesan penggunaan laman sosial ke ataskaedah perbincangan di dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran mata Pelajaran Sejarah. Jurnal TeknologiPendidikan Malaysia, 1(1), 75-80.Rossi, P. & Freeman, H. (1988). Evaluation: A systematic approach. Edisi ke -4. Beverly Hills, CA:Sage Publication.Rossi, P. H., & Freeman, H. E. (1993). Evaluation: A systematic approach (5th ed.).Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Rossi, P. H., Lipsey, M. w., & Freeman, H. E. M. W. (2004). Evaluation: A systemicapproach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Royse, D., Thyer, B.A., Padgett, D.K., & Logan, T.K. (2006). Program evaluation: An introduction(4th eds.). Belmont, CA: Brooks-Cole.Rudzi Munap. (2003). Penilaian program diploma kesetiausahaan eksekutif di UniversitiTeknologi Mara. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Ruhizan M. Yasin, Ramlee Mustapha, Asnul Dahar Minghat, Kamaruzaman Jusoff, Azaman Ishar & Shafie Shamsudin. (2012). Pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran mata pelajaranLukisan Kejuruteraan di sekolah menengah. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 27,23-26.Ruslina Omar. (2002). Masalah-masalah dalam perlaksanaan pentaksiran kerja amali (peka) disekolah-sekolah menengah daerah Temerloh. Kertas Projek Sarjana Pendidikan, UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia.Sabitha, M. (2006). Kaedah penyelidikan sains sosial. Petaling Jaya. Selangor: Prentice Hall.Sadiah Baharom. (2011). Teach and learn science through PBL. Tanjong Malim: Penerbit UniversitiPendidikan Sultan Idris.Sadrina. (2015). The evaluation of Project Based Learning: A case study at mechnicalengineering department at a Polytechnic in Malaysia. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti PendidikanSultan Idris.Sagunya, P. (1997). An evaluation of the bachelor of engineering program in mechanical engineering(Special Program). Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University.Saharudin Suhadi. (1996). Kesediaan guru-guru Kemahiran Hidup terhadap pengajaran komponenteras Kemahiran Hidup di sekolah-sekolah menengah negeri Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tesis Sarjana.Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Sahul Hamed, Wahab, A., Zakaria, M. A., & Jasmi, M. A. (2010). Transformational of Malaysian sPolytechnic into University College in 2015 : Issues and Challenges for Malaysian Technical andVocational Education, 1011 November.Sanders, J.R. (1992). Evaluating school program. Newbury Park: SAGE Publication.Schneider, R. M., Krajcik, J. Marx, R. W., & Soloway, E. (2002). Performance ofstudents in Project-Based science classrooms on a national measure of scienceachievement. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39(5), 410-422.Schumpeter, J. A. (1942). The theory of economic development. Cambridge, MA: HarvardUniversity Press.Scriven, M. (1967). The methodology of evaluation: In Perspectives Oo curriculumevaluation. Chicago: Rand McNally.Scriven, M. (1991). The methodology of evaluation. AERA Monograph. Series Vol. 1.Chicago: Rand McNally.Sekaran, U. (2006). Research methods for business A skill building approach. United States ofAmerica: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Seyfarth, J. T. (1999). The principle: New leadership for new challenges. Ohio: Prentice hall.Shamsudin Mohamad & Kamarul Azmi Jasmi. (2011). Penyeliaan guru dalam pengajaran& pembelajaran. Skudai: UTM Press.Shanmugan Murugaya & Zaitun Saidin. (2010). Persepsi guru sekolah rendah menengah perlaksanaanpenilaian berasaskan sekolah di Daerah Kluang Johor. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Shapiee @ Shafie Lugom. (2002). Program pendidikan khas di Sarawak: Satu penilaian.Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Sharan, S (1980). Cooperative Learning in Small Group: Recent Method and Effect on Achievement,Attitude and Ethnic Relations. Review of Educational Research.Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching : Foundations of new reform. Havard Review, 571,1-22.Siti Hajar, Hamdan. (2013). Kecenderungan graduan wanita kejuruteraan terhadap pemilihanprofesion kerjaya bukan jurutera. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Tun Hussein OnnMalaysia.Sivachandralinggam, Sundara (2002). Sejarah Eropah. Kuala Lumpur: UtusanPubilication & Distributors Sdn.Bhd.Slavin, R.E (1990). Cooperative learning: Theory, research and practice. Massachussetts: Simon &Schuster Inc.Slavin, R. E. (2003). Educational psychology. USA: Pearson Education Inc.Slavin, R. E. (2011). Instruction based on cooperative learning. Handbook of research on learningand instruction, 344-360.Skipper, C.E. & Quantz, R. (1987). Changes in educational attitudes of education and arts andscience students during four years of college. Journal of Teacher Education, 38, 39-44.Smith, C., & Wicklein, B. (2007). Identifying the essential aspects and related academic conceptsof an engineering design curriculum in secondary technology education. Laporan PenyelidikanKejuruteraan dan Pendidikan Teknologi, National Center For Engineering and TechnologyEducation (NCETE), Athen: Universiti ofGeorgia.Smith, G. & Cantley, C. (1991). Pluralistic evaluation: Research highlight in social work.London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Smith, H.J. (2004). The impact of staff development programmes and activitied. In Baume,D. (Eds.). Enhancing staff & educational development, hlm. 96 115. New York : RoutledgeFalmer.Stake, R.E. (1967). The countenance of educational evaluation. Teachers college record, 68,523-540.Stake, R.E. (1967). Toward a technology for the evaluation of educational programs.Chicago: Rand MacNally.Starobin, S. S., Schenk Jr, T., Laanan, F. S., Rethwisch, D. G., & Moeller, D. (2013).Going and passing through community colleges: Examining the effectiveness of Project Lead the Way in STEM pathways. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 37(3),226-236.Stein, D. (1998). Situated learning in adult education. Retrived on 27 October, 2016 fromhttp://www.ericdigests.org/1998-3/adult-education.html.Stenhouse, L. (1975). An introduction to curriculum research and development. London: Heineman.Stephen Gough. (2010). Technical and vocational education and learning: Aninvestment-based. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group.Stohlmann, M., Moore, T. J., & Roehrig, G. H. (2012). Considerations for teachingintegrated STEM education. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research(J-PEER), 2(1), 4.Stufflebeam, D.L., Foley, W.J., Gephart, W.J., Guba, E.G., Hammond, R.L., Merriman, H.O., &Provus, M.M. (1971). Educational evaluation and decision making. Illinois: Peacock, Itasca.Stufflebeam, D.L. (1983). The CIPP model for program evaluation. Boston: Kluwer- Nijhoff.Stufflebeam, D.L. & Shinkfield, A.J. (1985). Systematic evaluation. Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff.Stufflebeam, D.L., Madaus, G.F., & Kellaghan, T. (2000). Evaluation models:Viewpoints on educational and human services. Boston: Kluwer AcademicServices.Stufflebeam, D.L. (2004). The 21?? century CIPP model: Origin, development and use. InM.C. Alkin (Ed). Evaluation roots: Tracing theorist views and influences. Thousand Oakl,CA: Sage Publication Inc.Stufflebeam, D.L. & Shinkfield, J.A. (2007). Evaluation theory, models, and applications.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Stull, W.J. & Sanders, N.M. (2003). School to work movement: Origins and Dstinations.Westport, CT: Praeger.Suchman, E.A. (1967). Evaluation research. New York: Russel Sage Foundation.Sufean Hussin. (2009). Dasar pembangunan pendidikan Malaysia: Teori dan analisis.Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Sulaiman Ngah Razali. (2002). Analisis data dalam penyelidikan pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Sutherland, John. (2012). Qualifications mismatch and skills mismatch. Journal ofEducation and Training, 54(7), 619-632.Syed Kamarudin Hj. Sudakhuthulla. (2007). Analisis kemudahan pengajaran danpembelajaran dan pembelanjaan kos pengajian tinggi serta implikasi terhadap pencapaianakademik pelajar UKM. Tesis Sarjana. Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Taba, H. (1962). Curriculum development: Theory and practice. New York: Harcourt, Braceand World Inc.Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston: Allynand Bacon.Tanner, D. & Tanner, L. (1995). Curriculum development: Theory into Practice, Ed. Ke-3. New York: Merrill.Tan Hui Leng. (1998). An evaluation of the postgraduate teacher education programme for sciencein selected Malaysian Teacher Training Collages. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Malaya.Taylor, A. (2006). The challenges of partnership in school?to?work transition. Journal ofVocational Education and Training, 58(3), 319-336.Tengku Sarina Aini, T.K. (2012). Teaching and learning experiences in Malaysian highereducation: a case study of a teacher education programme. Tesis Doktoruckland University of Technology, New Zealand.The Bonn Declaration. (2004). Learning for work, citizenships and sustainability: AUNESCO meeting of international experts on technical and vocational education and training. Bonn,Germany, 25-28 October.Thompson , J.( 2003). The seven steps. In Edwards, H., Baume, D. & Webb, G. (Eds.).Staff and educational development, 105 113. London: Kogan Page.Thorbjrnsson, H. (2006). Swedish educational sloydan international success. idskrift,11. Retrieved on December 03, 2016, from http://www.sprak.umu.se/digitalAssets/5/5465_lofu_nr2-3_2006.pdf.Tth, P. (2012). Learning strategies and styles in vocational education.Acta PolytechnicaHungarica, 9(3), 195-216. Retrieved on November 21, 2016 from https://www.uni-obuda.hu/journal/Toth_35.pdf.Trochim, W.K. (1999). Introduction to evaluation. Retrieved on Mac 13, 2011, fromhttp:// trochim. Human cornell.edu/Tseng, K. H., Diez, C. R., Lou, S. J., Tsai, H. L., & Tsai, T. S. (2010). Using the context, input,process and product model to assess an engineering curriculum. World Transactions onEngineering and Technology Education. Vol, 8.Tyler, R. W. (1950). Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago: University of ChicagoPress.Tyler, R. W. (2013). Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago: University of Chicagopress.UN. (2010). The millennium development goals report 2010. New York. 2010. Retrieved on July 25, 2016, from http://www.un.org/en/mdg/summit2010/pdf/MDG%202010%En%20r15%20- low%res%2020100615520.pdf.UN. (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015, at its 70?? session. Retrievedon August 1, 2016, fromhttp://www.un.org/ga/search/view-doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=E.UNESCO. (2002). Medium term strategy: Contributing to peace and human development in an era of globalization through education, the sciences, culture and communication. UNESCO,Paris. Retrieved on July 20, 2016, from http://www.unedoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001254/125434e.pdfUNESCO. (2004). Suggestions to UNESCO for action planning in TVET for sustainabledevelopment. Expert Meeting on Learning for Work, Citizenship and Sustainability, Bonn, October 2004. UNESCO, Paris. Retrieved on August 9, 2016, fromhttp://www.unevoc.unesco.org/publications/pdf/SD_ActionPlan_e.pdf.UNESCO-UNEVOC. (2013). Revisiting global trends in TVET: Reflections on theory andpractice. Bonn, Germany.UNESCO. (2015). Recommendation concerning technical and vocational education and training(TVET).The General Conference of the United Nations, Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization (UNESCO). Meeting in Paris from 3 to 18 November 2015, at its 38?? session. Retrievedon July 27, 2016, from http://www.unesdoc.unesco.org/images/002451/245118m.pdf.UNESCO, KPM. (2015). Making Skill Development Work for the Future. Conference Report,Asia Pacific Conference on Education and Training in Kuala Lumpur 3- 5August 2015. Retrieved onAugust 4, 2016, from http://www.unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002348/234871e.pdfUNESCO. (2016). UNESCO TVET Strategy 2016-2021. Report of the UNESCO-UNEVOC virtual conference, 28 September to 03 October 2015. Bonn, Germany. Retrieved on July 30,2016, from http://www.unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002451/245196e.pdf.Unit Peracangan Ekonomi, Jabatan Perdana Menteri (JPM). (2015). Rancangan Malaysia kesebelas,kertas strategi 9: Mentransformasi pendidikan dan latihan teknikal dan vokasional untuk memenuhipermintaan industri. Putrajaya. Retrieved on August 2, 2016, fromhttp://www.rmk11.epu.gov.my/pdf/kertas-strategi/kertas%20strategi%2009.pdf.UTM (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia). (2005). Centre for Teaching and Learning (CTL) and HumanResource Development (HRD). Retrieved on November 13, 2016, from http://www.ctl.utm.myVeerasamy Naidoo. (2010). Project Based Learning (PBL): An innovative vehicle for the Assessment ofStudent Learning in the Science Classroom. Tesis Doktor Falsafah Tidak Diterbitkan. CurtinUniversity of Technology, Australia.Verma, D. (2000). Administration of technical vocational education: Principles and method.New Delhi: Sterling Publishers Private Limited.Vincent E. Onweh, Nsini Akpan, & Caleb. E. Emmanuel. (2013). Youth empowerment and theintegration of entrepreneurship education into Technical Vocational Education and Training(TVET) in Nigeria. Academic Journal of InterdisciplinaryStudies, 2(2), 211-216.Wan Ramli Wan Daud. (2010). Kejuruteraan: Seni atau sains? Bangi: UKM Press.Wiles, J & Bondi, J. (2010). Curriculum development: a guide to practice. New Jersey: Merill,Prantice Hall.Wiersma, W., & Jurs, S.G. (2005). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Boston:Allyn & Bacon.William J. Stull & Nicholas M. Sanders. (2003). The school-to-work movement: Origins anddestinations. London: Praeger.Wellington, J. (2004). Has ICT come of age? Recurring debates on the role of ICT ineducation, 1982-2004. Research in Science and Technological Education, 23(295),25-39.Wolf, R.L. (1973). The use of judicial evaluation methods in the formulation ofeducational policy. In Evaluation Models (pp. 189-203). Springer Netherlands.Wolf, R.M. (1997). Questionaire. Dlm J.P Keeves (Ed.). Educational research,methodology and measurement: An international handbook. 2, (422-427). Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd.Worthen, B.R., & Sanders, J.R. (1987). Educational evaluation. New York: Longman. Worthen, B.R.,Sanders, J.R., & Fitzpatrick, J.L. (1997). Educational evaluation:Alternative approaches and practical guidelines. (2nd eds.). White Plains, NY: Longman.Worthen, B.R., Sanders, J.R., & Fitzpatrick, J.L. (2004). Educational evaluation:Alternative approaches and practical guidelines. (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.World Bank. (1991). A World Bank Policy Paper. Vocational and Technical Education and Training.United States of Amerika.Yahya Buntat, Mohd Rashid Rajuddin, Kandar Selamat & Jailani Damsuki. (2003).Keberkesanan perlaksanaan mata pelajaran kompenan Kemahiran Hidup (Sains Pertanian) disekolah-sekolah menengah daerah Pontian berdasarkan model KIPP: Seminar Kebangsaan MemperkasakanSistem Pendidikan, 19-21 October 2003, Hotel Puteri Pan Pacific, Johor Bahru. (Unpublished)Retrieved on June 13, 2014, from http://eprints.utm.my/2280/1/Kertas_Kerja_2_(Keberkesanan_SP).pdf.Yahya Emat. (2005). Pendidikan teknik dan vokasional di Malaysia. Petaling Jaya: IBS Buku Sdn. Bhd.Yusuff, M.A. & Soyemi, J. (2012). Achieving sustainable economic development inNigeria through technical and vocational education and training: The missing link.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(2),175-183.Zahba Md. Salim. (1999). Latihan dalam perkhidmatan ke arah kejayaan sekolah berkesan.Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Zaidatol Akmaliah Lope Pihe.(1999). Pentadbiran pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti.Zainudin Awang. (2012). Research methodology and data analysis. (S. Dee Sega Enterprise,Subang Jaya, Ed.). Shah Alam: Penerbit Uitm Press.Zakaria Kasim & Idris Md. Nor. (1995). Latihan mengajar : Permasalahan dan cabaran di UniversitiSains Malaysia. Prosiding Seminar JKLKAU ke -9, Pendidikan Guru: Cabaran, falsafah dan strategidalam pembentukan guru yang unggul, hlm. 113 - 118.Zamani Ibrahim. (2016). Penilaian keberkesanan program latihan kemahiran vokasional di pusat latihan kemahiran Orang Asli. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Pendidikan SultanIdris.Zanifa, M.Z. (2007). Malaysian government policies on human resources development: Toward meetingthe needs of the knowledge-based economy. Re-engineering dual training. The Malaysian Experience.GTZ & GMI Malaysia.Zawawi Ismail. (2008). Penilaian pelaksanaan kurikulum kemahiran bertutur Bahasa Arabkomunikasi di sekolah menengah kebangsaan agama. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia.Zimmerman, D.C. (2010). Project based learning for life skill building in 12th gradesocial studies classrooms: A Case Study. Tesis Sarjana Tidak Diterbitkan. DominicanUniversity of California, San Rafael, CA.Zhang, G., Zeller, N., Griffith, R., Metcalf, D., Williams, J., Shea, D., & Misulis,K. (2011). Using the context, input, process, and product evaluation model (CIPP) as a Comprehensive Framework to Guide the Planning, Implementation, and Assessment ofService-learning Programs. Journal of Higher Education Outreachand Engagement, 15(4), 57-83.