Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadapprestasi perniagaan mikro (pulangan jualan dan pulangan modal) di negeriTerengganu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan melibatkan seramai350 orang responden yang mewakili pertubuhan perniagaan mikro di sekit...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Nur Aimi Sulaiman
Format: thesis
Language:zsm
Published: 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6643
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:6643
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language zsm
topic
spellingShingle
Nur Aimi Sulaiman
Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu
description Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadapprestasi perniagaan mikro (pulangan jualan dan pulangan modal) di negeriTerengganu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan melibatkan seramai350 orang responden yang mewakili pertubuhan perniagaan mikro di sekitar negeriTerengganu. Sampel diambil berdasarkan kaedah persampelan rawak mudah dandata diperolehi melalui edaran soal selidik. Kaedah analisis korelasi Pearsondigunakan untuk menguji hubungan di antara manfaat rangkuman kewangan(penggunaan akaun simpanan, penggunaan kemudahan kredit) dengan prestasiperniagaan mikro. Manakala, kaedah analisis regresi linear sederhana digunakanbagi menguji pengaruh manfaat rangkuman kewangan (akses kemudahankewangan, penggunaan akaun simpanan dan penggunan kemudahan kredit) denganprestasi perniagaan mikro. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan diantara penggunaan akaun simpanan dengan prestasi perniagaan mikro (pulanganjualan r=0.308, p=0.000; pulangan modal r=0.143, p=0.007). Dapatan kajian keduajuga menunjukkan hubungan di antara penggunaan kemudahan kredit denganprestasi perniagaan mikro (pulangan jualan r=0.426, p=0.000; pulangan modalr=0.255, p=0.000). Seterusnya, dapatan analisis regresi linear sederhanamenunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara dimensi rangkumankewangan dengan prestasi peniagaan mikro. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini mendapatibahawa terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi prestasi perniagaan mikroselain daripada dimensi rangkuman kewangan. Kajian ini juga membuktikan bahawaresponden lebih memilih peningkatan prestasi jangka masa pendek kerana merekamendapatkan pulangan jualan tanpa mengambil kira pulangan modal yangmerupakan peningkatan prestasi jangka masa panjang. Implikasinya, respondenmempunyai risiko perniagaan yang tinggi dalam usaha meningkatkan prestasiperniagaan kerana dalam hal ini, kemudahan kewangan dalam bentuk kredit lebihdiberikan keutamaan berbanding penggunaan akaun simpanan. Oleh itu, kajianlanjut yang lebih terperinci terhadap faktor-faktor lain dalam mengukur manfaatrangkuman kewangan dan prestasi perniagaan mikro perlu dipertimbangkansewajarnya.
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Master's degree
author Nur Aimi Sulaiman
author_facet Nur Aimi Sulaiman
author_sort Nur Aimi Sulaiman
title Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu
title_short Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu
title_full Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu
title_fullStr Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu
title_full_unstemmed Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu
title_sort manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di terengganu
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi
publishDate 2019
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6643
_version_ 1747833283782115328
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:66432022-01-31 Manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadap prestasi perniagaan mikro di Terengganu 2019 Nur Aimi Sulaiman Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti manfaat rangkuman kewangan terhadapprestasi perniagaan mikro (pulangan jualan dan pulangan modal) di negeriTerengganu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan melibatkan seramai350 orang responden yang mewakili pertubuhan perniagaan mikro di sekitar negeriTerengganu. Sampel diambil berdasarkan kaedah persampelan rawak mudah dandata diperolehi melalui edaran soal selidik. Kaedah analisis korelasi Pearsondigunakan untuk menguji hubungan di antara manfaat rangkuman kewangan(penggunaan akaun simpanan, penggunaan kemudahan kredit) dengan prestasiperniagaan mikro. Manakala, kaedah analisis regresi linear sederhana digunakanbagi menguji pengaruh manfaat rangkuman kewangan (akses kemudahankewangan, penggunaan akaun simpanan dan penggunan kemudahan kredit) denganprestasi perniagaan mikro. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan diantara penggunaan akaun simpanan dengan prestasi perniagaan mikro (pulanganjualan r=0.308, p=0.000; pulangan modal r=0.143, p=0.007). Dapatan kajian keduajuga menunjukkan hubungan di antara penggunaan kemudahan kredit denganprestasi perniagaan mikro (pulangan jualan r=0.426, p=0.000; pulangan modalr=0.255, p=0.000). Seterusnya, dapatan analisis regresi linear sederhanamenunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara dimensi rangkumankewangan dengan prestasi peniagaan mikro. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini mendapatibahawa terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi prestasi perniagaan mikroselain daripada dimensi rangkuman kewangan. Kajian ini juga membuktikan bahawaresponden lebih memilih peningkatan prestasi jangka masa pendek kerana merekamendapatkan pulangan jualan tanpa mengambil kira pulangan modal yangmerupakan peningkatan prestasi jangka masa panjang. Implikasinya, respondenmempunyai risiko perniagaan yang tinggi dalam usaha meningkatkan prestasiperniagaan kerana dalam hal ini, kemudahan kewangan dalam bentuk kredit lebihdiberikan keutamaan berbanding penggunaan akaun simpanan. Oleh itu, kajianlanjut yang lebih terperinci terhadap faktor-faktor lain dalam mengukur manfaatrangkuman kewangan dan prestasi perniagaan mikro perlu dipertimbangkansewajarnya. 2019 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6643 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6643 text zsm closedAccess Masters Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi Abdul Fatah, A.M., & Mohd Majid, K. (1993). Memahami penyelidikan pendidikan: Satu pengenalan (Edisi ke-4). Fakulti Pengajian Pendidikan: Universiti PutraMalaysia.Abdullah Husmin, M.R., Ahmad Sabri, S., Rosli, H.F., Zakaria, N.A., Mohammad Kassim,M.A., & Mohamad Suhaimi, A.F. (2016). Usahawan mikro kredit: Faktor-faktor dalaman yangmendorong kejayaan perniagaan. Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Economics &Banking 2016 (pp. 967-978).Abdul Suki, H. (2015). Pengaruh motivasi usahawan terhadap prestasi perusahaan kecil dansederhana: Pengurusan strategik dan faktor utama kejayaan sebagai pengantara. Tesis Master.Universiti Malaysia Kelantan.Abebe, G., Tekle, B., & Mano, Y. (2016). Changing saving and investment behavior: The impact offinancial literacy training and reminders on micro-businesses. CSAE Working Paper WPS/2016-08. U.K.Abor, J. (2007). Debt policy and performance of SMEs: Evidence from Ghanaian and South Africanfirms. Journal of Risk Finance, 8(4), 364-379.Abu Bakar, M.R. (2008). Tahap kesampaian bantuan kewangan dan kredit kerajaan (BKKK) terhadapprestasi perusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS) bumiputera di Kedah (Unpublished MastersDissertation), Universiti Sains Malaysia,Penang.Ahmad Sazmy, A.A. (2007). Pembiayaan Perniagaan Kecil dan Sederhana. KualaLumpur: PTS Professional.Alias Baba (1997). Statistik penyelidikan dalam pendidikan dan sains sosial. Bangi:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Allen, F., Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., & Peria Martinez, S.M. (2012). Thefoundations of financial inclusion understanding ownership and use of formal Accounts. PolicyResearch Working Paper 6290, World Bank, Washington,DC.Alliance for Financial Inclusion (2011). Measuring financial inclusion: A core set ofindicators. AFI Financial Inclusion Data Working Group Paper.Alliance for Financial Inclusion. (2012). Agent banking in Latin America. AFI DiscussionPaper.Alliance for Financial Inclusion. (2015). SME financial inclusion indicatorbase set.Guideline note, no.16.Amin, M. (2016). Informal firms in Myanmar. Enterprise Note, no. 33. WorldBank Group.Ashraf, N., Karlan, D., & Yin, W. (2006). Tying odysseus to the mast: Evidence from a commitment savings product in the Philippines. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121(2), 673697.Ashraf, N., Karlan, D., & Yin, W. (2010). Female empowerment: Further evidence from a commitmentsavings product in the Philippines. World Development, 38(3),333344.Auken, H.V. (2000). A model of community-based venture capital formation to fund early-stagetechnology-based firms. Journal of Small Business Management,10, 287-301.Ayyagari, M., Beck, T., & Demirguc-Kunt, A. (2007). Small and medium enterprisesacross the globe. Small Business Economics, 2/2007Ayyagari, M., & Beck, T. (2015). Financial inclusion in Asia: An overview. ADBEconomics Working Paper Series, no 449.Azizi, Y., Shahrin, H., Jamaludin, R., Yusof, B., & Abdul Rahim, H. (2007). Menguasai penyelidikandalam pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur : PTS Publication Sdn. Bhd.Azizi, H. & Syed Mazlan, S.M.D. (2011). Peranan kompetensi peluang dan struktur organisasi terhadapprestasi PKS di Utara Malaysia. Academic Journal UiTMJohor, 10.Azmi, A. M., Nik Hairi, O., & Lee, Y. K. (2012). Faktor kritikal kejayaan usahawan dalamPerniagaan. Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 34-35.Banerjee, A., Duflo, E., Glennester, R., & Kinnon, C. (2010). The miracle ofmicrofinance? Evidence from a randomised evaluation. BREAD Working Paperno. 278.Bank Negara Malaysia. (2005). Status dan prestasi perusahaan kecil dan sederhana.Dipetik daripada http://w2.bnm.gov.my, pada 15 Februari 2017.Bank Negara Malaysia. (2010). Overview of financial inclusion in Malaysia: Policies, initiativesand measures. Presentation at ADBI- AFDC Seminar on FinancialInclusion.Bank Negara Malaysia. (2012). Pernyataan sasana mengenai penunjuk rangkuman kewangan. Dipetikdaripada http://www.bnm.gov.my, pada 16 Februari 2017.Bank Negara Malaysia. (2015). Laporan kestabilan kewangan dan sistem pembayaran 2015. Di petikdaripada http://www.bnm.gov.my, pada 23 Jun 2016.Bank Negara Malaysia. (2016). Pembangunan sektor kewangan. Di petik daripadahttp://w2.bnm.gov.my, pada 23 Jun 2016.Bankable Frontier Associates. (2009). The mzansi bank account initiative in South Africa.Report commissioned by FinMark Trust. Bankable Frontier Associates,Somerville, MA.Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal ofManagement, 17(1), 99-120.Barney, B.J. (1995). Looking inside for competitive advantage. Academy ofManagement Executive, 9(4), 49-61.Basu, A. & Parker, S. (2001). Family finance and new business start-ups. OxfordBulletin Of Economics And Statistics, 63(3), 333-358.Beck, T., Buyukkarabacak, B., Rioja, F. K., & Valev, N. T. (2012). Who gets the credit? And doesit matter? Household vs firm lending across countries. The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics,12(1).Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A., & Levine, R. (2000). A new database on financialdevelopment and structure. The World Bank Economic Review, 14(3), 597605.Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A., & Maksimovic, V. (2005). Financial and legal constraints to growth:Does firm size matter?. Journal of Finance 60(1), 137177.Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A., & Peria Martinez, S. M., (2007). Banking services for everyone?Barriers to bank access and use around the world. The World Bank Economic Review, 22(3), 397 430.Bekmann, E. (2013). Financial literacy and household savings in Romania. Advancing Education inQuantitative Literacy, 6(2), 1-22.Bergh, P.V.D. (2012). Overview of international and national initiatives to promotefinancial inclusion and its measurement. IFC Bulletin, No 38.Berman, Nicolas & Hericourt, J. (2010). Financial factors and the margins of trade: Evidence from cross-country firm-level data. Journal of Development Economics, 93, 206- 217.Bharadwaj, A. S. (2000). A resource based perspectives on information technology capability andfirm performance: An empirical investigation. MIS Quarterly,24(1).Bhaskar, P. (2013). Financial inclusion in India: An assessment. Speech at the MFINand Access-Assist Summit. New Delhi, 10 December.Bowale, K., & Akinlo, A. (2012). Determinants of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs)performance and poverty alleviation in developing countries: Evidence from South-West Nigeria.European Journal of Humanities and SocialSciences, 17(1).Brune, L., Gine, X., Goldberg, J., & Yang, D. (2011). Commitments to fave: A field experiment inrural Malawi. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5748. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.Buang, N. A., & Mohd Yusof, Y. (2006). Motivating factors that Influence class Fcontractors to become entrepreneurs. Jurnal Pendidikan 31, 107-121.Buerah, T., & Hussin, S. (2014). Perubahan sikap keusahawanan usahawan Melayu di Malaysia. Journalof Sciences and Humanities, 98-116.Burgess, R. & Pande, R. (2005). Can rural banks reduce poverty? Evidence from the Indian socialbanking experiment. American Economic Review, 95(3), 780795.Camara, N. & Tuesta, D. (2014). Measuring financial inclusion: A mulitdimensionalindex. Working paper, 14/26. Madrid.Carpenter, R.E. & Petersen, B.C. (2002). Is the growth of small firms constrained by internalfinance? Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(2), 298-309.Chakrabarty, K.S.C. (2012). Financial inclusion: Issues in measurement and anlysis.IFC Bulletin, no 38.Chakrabarty, K.C. (2011). Empowering MSMEs for financial inclusion and growth:Issues and strategies. BIS central bankers speeches.Chatterjee, S. & Wernerfelt, B. (1991). The link between resources and type ofdiversification: Theory and evidence. Strategic Management Journal, 12(1), 33-48.Chauvet, L., & Jacolin, L. (2016). Financial inclusion, bank concentration and firmperformance. Working paper 615. Direction Generale Des Etudes Et Des RelationsInternationales.Chin, W.K. (2006). Cabaran dan prospek perniagaan runcit: Kajian di Kampar, Perak.Kertas Ilmiah, Sarjana Muda Ekonomi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.C?nar, O., & Karc?oglu, F. (2013). The Relationship between Strategic Management,Institutionalization and Human Resource Management: A Survey Study with Family Businesses Locatedin the Northeast Anatolia Sub Economic Region of Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,99, 835-842.Chua, Y.P. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw HilClamara, N., Pena X., & Tuesta, D. (2014). Factors that matter for financial inclusion: Evidencefrom Peru. Working Paper no. 14/09.Clarke, George R. G., Xu, L. C., & Zou, H. (2006). Finance and inequality: What do the data tellus?. Southern Economic Journal, 72(3), 578596.Cole, S., Sampson, T., & Zia, B. (2011). Prices or knowledge? What drives demand for financialservices in emerging markets?. Journal of Finance, 66(6), 19331967.Coleman, S. (2000). Access to capital and terms of credit: A comparison of men and women-ownedsmall businesses. Journal of Small Business Management, Milwaukee, 7, 37-52.Coleman, S., & Cohn, R. (2000). Small firms use of financial leverage: Evidence from the 1993,National Survey of Small Business Finances. Journal of Businessand Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 81-98.Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S., & Ruthven, O. (2009). Portfolios of the poor: How theworlds poor live on $2 a day. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UniversityPress.Corbetta, P. (2003). Social research: Theory methods and techniques. SAGEPublications Ltd., London.Crepon, B., Florencia, D., Esther, D., & William, P. (2011). Impact of microcredit in rural areasof Morocco: Evidence from a randomized evaluation. Mimeo, MIT.Creswell, W.J. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.Third edition. Washington DC: Sage.Dabla-Norris, E., Deng, Y., Ivanova, A., Karpowicz, I., Unsal, F., VanLeemput, E., & Wong, J.(2015). Financial inclusion: Zooming in on Latin America. IMF Working Paper. WP/15/2016.De Soto, H. (2000). The mystery of capital: Why capitalism triumphs in the west and failseverywhere else. New York: Basic Books.De Vaus, D.A. (2014). Surveys in social research. (6th edition). Australia: UCL Press.Deakins, D., Morrison, A., & Galloway, L. (2002). Evolution, financial management and learning in the small firm. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 9(1), 7-16.Demirguc-Kunt, A. & Klapper, L. (2012). Measuring financial inclusion: The global findexdatabase. World Bank Working Paper 6025, Washington, DC.Demirguc-Kunt, A. & Klapper, L. (2013). Measuring financial inclusion: Explainingvariation in use of financial services across and within countries (The Global Findex Database).Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.Demirguc-Kunt, A. (2014). Presidential address: Financial inclusion. Atl EconomicJournal, 42, 349356.Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L.F., Singer, D., & Oudheusden P.V. (2015). The global findex database2014: Measuring financial inclusion around the world. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No.7255.Dinh, H., Dimitris, M., & Hoa, N. (2010). The binding constraint on firms growth in developingcountries. Policy Research Working Paper 5485. World Bank, Washington, DC.Dupas, P. & Robinson, J. (2013). Savings constraints and microenterprisedevelopment: Evidence from a field experiment in Kenya. American Economic Journal: AppliedEconomics, 5(1), 163192.Dupas, P., Green, S., Keats, A., & Robinson, J. (2012). Challenges in banking the rural poor: Evidence from Kenyas Western province. Dipetik daripadahttps://web.stanford.edu, pada 14 April 2017.Emad, H., Suhail, A.T., & Jabbar, A. (2014). Effects on financing on performance of small andmedium enterprises (SMEs). International Journal of Management,2(10).Ermi, L.J. & Lim, K. (2001). The motivation of women entrepreneurs in Singapore.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 3, 93-110.European Commission. (2011). Commission recommendation on access to a basic payment account.European Commission, Brussels.Fang, Y.L., Wade, M., Delios, A., & Beamish, P.W. (2007). International diversification, subsidiaryperformance, and the mobility of knowledge resources. Strategic Management Journal. 28(10),1053-1064.Farazi, S. (2014). Informal firms and financial inclusion: Status and determinants.Development Economics Research Group and Financial and Private SectorDevelopment, The World Bank.Fernandes, B. H. R., Mills, J. F., & Fleury, M. T. L. (2005). Resources that driveperformance: An empirical investigation. International journal of productivity and performancemanagement, 54(5).Ford, C. (2015). Understanding Q-Q plots. Statistical Research Consultant. University of VirginiaLibrary.Fraenkel, J., & Wallen, N. (1996). How to design and evaluate research in education. (Edisi kedua).San Francisco, CA: McGraw-Hill.Gadanecz, B. & Tissot, B. (2012). Key messages of the Sasana Workshop on financial inclusionindicators: Promoting financial inclusion through better data. IFCBulletin, no 38.Garcia, N. (2012). The financial inclusion data working group and the Mexicanexperience. IFC Bulletin, no 38.Gardeva, A. & Rhyne, E. (2011). Opportunities and obstacles to financial inclusion: Survey report.Center for Financial Inclusion. Publication 12.Garson, G.D. (2012), Testing statistical assumptions. Asheboro, NC: Statistical AssociatesPublishing.Gaul, S. (2012). Mapping the financial sector: Microfinance and beyond. Microfinance InformationExchange. IFC Bulletin, no 38.Gentry, R., & Shen, W. (2010). The relationship between accounting and market measuresof firm financial performance: How strong is it? Journal of Managerial Issues, 22(4), 514-530.Global Financial Development Report (2014). Financial inclusion. World BankPublications, The World Bank Group, NW, Washington.Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (2011). The first G20 global partnership for financialincluson (GPFI) forum. Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI). Dipetikdaripada https://www.gpfi.org, pada 28 Januari 2018.Goodwin, D., Adelman, L., Middleton, S., & Ashworth, K. (2000). Debt, money managementand access to ?nancial services: evidence from the 1999 PSE survey of Britain. Working Paper8, Centre for Research in Social Policy, Loughborough University, Loughborough.Gordon, J. R., & Whelan-Berry, K. S. (2004). It takes two to tango: An empirical study of perceived spousal/partner support for working women. Women in Management Review,19(5), 260-273.Gourlay, A. & Seaton, J. (2004). The determinants of diversification in UK quotedcompanies. Applied Economics, 36, 2059-2071.Ha, M., Siriwan, U., Ramabut, C., Thitikalaya, N., Thitikanlaya, T., & Kiatnarong, C. (2014). Keyfactors for successful entrepreneurship in Thailand. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2, 116-121.Haas, S., Plyler, M.G., & Nagarajan, G. (2010). Community-level oconomic effects of M-PESA inKenya: Initial findings. Financial services assessment. Iris Center, University of MarylandHair, J.F.J., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E., & Tatham, R.L. (2006).Multivariate data analysis, 6th edition. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International,Inc.Han, R. & Martin, M. (2013). Financial inclusion for financial stability: Access to bank depositsand the growth of deposits in the global financial crisis. Policy Research Working Paper6577, World Bank, Washington.Harrison, Ann, E., Lin, J.Y., & Xu, L.C. (2014). Explaining Africas (dis)advantage.World Development, 63, 5977.Hasnah, A., Norhafizah, A.R., & Sanep, A. (2010). Faktor mempengaruhi kejayaan usahawan peruncitanMelayu: Satu kajian kes. Prosiding PERKEM IV, 2, 141-151.Honohan, P. (2007). Cross-country variation in household access to financial services.World Bank, Development Research Group, Washington, D.C.Hustedde, R., & Pulver, G. (1992), Factors affecting equity capital acquisition: The demandside. Journal of Business Venturing, 7(5), 363374.Ibrahim, M. I., Ooi, Y. K., & Shamsul, H. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation, technologyorientation, contemporary marketing and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance inNigeria. At conference on Business Management, 29 - 30 Oktober 2017.Idris, J. & Rahmah, I. (2006). Technical efficiency, technological change and totalfactor productivity growth in Malaysian manufacturing sector. MPRS Paper, no.1956.Irving Fisher Center. (2013). IFC Jobs Study: Assessing private sector contributions tojob creation and poverty reduction. IFC, Washington, DC.Ishak, Y., Khairunnisa, M., Zaimah, D., & Mohd Shukri, N. (2011). Faktorkeusahawanan dan prestasi kejayaan usahawan melayu di Pulau Langkawi. Prodising PERKEM VI, 2,196-207.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (2017). Bancian ekonomi 2016: Profil perusahaan kecil dan sederhana.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. (2011). Bancian ekonomi 2010: Profil perusahaan kecil dan sederhana.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia.Jamil, A. (2002). Pemupukan budaya penyelidikan di kalangan guru sekolah: Satu penilaian.Tesis Ijazah Kedoktoran, Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia.Jauriyah (2015). Malaysian SME performance and the goverment business support services: Themoderating effects of absorptive capacity. Tesis PHD, UniversitiUtara Malaysia.Jentzsch, N. (2009). Financial services for the poor: Lack of personal identification documentsimpedes access. Weekly Report 17. German Institute for EconomicResearch.Johan, W. & Shephard, D. (2003). Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation,and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses. Strategic management, 24(13),1307-1314.Joo, L. K., (2003). Credit facilities for small dan medium industries: Options andopportunities. SME Technoprenuer Center, Selangor, Malaysia.Joshi, K., Rana, H., & Glenita, A. (2009). Surveys of informal sector enterprises - Somemeasurement issues. Asian Development bank Economics Working PaperSeries No. 183.Kalimah, S. (2011). Micro-entrepreneur: Motivations, challenges and success factors.Universiti Utara Malaysia.Kama & Adigun, (2013). Financial inclusion in Nigeria: Issues and challenges.Occasional paper, no 45.Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. (2013). Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Malaysia.Kang, K. N., & Park, H. (2012). Influence of government R&D support and interfirm collaborationson innovation in Korean biotechnology SMEs. Technovation,32(1), 68-78.Karcioglu, F., & Cinar, O. (2013). The relationship between strategic management,institutionalization and human resource management: A survey study with family businesseslocated in the Northeast Anatolia Sub Economic Region of Turkey. Journal of Social and BehavioralSciences, 99(6), 835-842.Karlan, D. & Zinman, J. (2010). Expanding microenterprise credit access: Using randomizedsupply decisions to estimate the impacts in Manila. Mimeo,Dartmouth and Yale.Kast, F., Meier, S., & Pomeranz, D. (2012). Under-savers anonymous: Evidence on self-help groupsand peer pressure as a savings commitment device. NBER Working Paper, no. 18417.Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia. (2016). Ucapan bajet 2016. Dipetik daripadahttp://www.jkkn.gov.my, pada 2 Nov 2017.Kempson, E. (2006). Policy level response to financial exclusion in developed economies:Lessons for developing countries, Bristol. The Personal Finance Research CentreKing, R. G., & Levine, R. (1993). Finance, entrepreneurship, and growth. Theory and evidence.Journal of Monetary Economics, 32, 513-542.Krejcie & Morgan (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational andPsychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.Kristiansen, S., Furuholt, B., & Wahid, F. (2003). Internet cafe entrepreneurs: Pioneers in information dissemination in Indonesia. The International Journal of Entrepreneurshipand Innovation, 4(4), 251-263.Laporan Kestabilan Kewangan dan Sistem Pembayaran (2014). Pembangunan sektor kewangan. Dipetikdaripada http://www.bnm.gov.my, pada 13 Februari 2019.Laporan Tahunan PKS (2006). Akses kepada pembiayaan. Majlis pembangunan PKSkebangsaan.Ledgerwood, J., Earne, J., & Nelson, C. (2013). The new microfinance handbook: Afinancial market system perspective. World Bank Publications.Lindgren, C.J., Garcia, G., & Saal, M.I. (1996). Bank soundness and macroeconomic policy. IMFWorking Paper, 215.Lusardi, A. (2008). Financial literacy: An essential tool for informed consumer choice?CFS Working Paper No. 2008/19.Lussier, R. N. (2016). Entrepreneurship success factors: An empirical investigation in Sri Lanka.Journals & Books World Journal of Entreoreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 12(2).Madden, R., & Sofiza, A. (2013). Asian link: Financial inclusion. Asian Institue ofFinance.Mangkau, I. D. (2012). Penguasaan kemahiran komunikasi dalam kalangan pelajar Universiti TunHussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). Fakulti Pendidikan Teknikal dan Vokasional Prosiding SeminarPendidikan Pasca Ijazah dalam PTV Kali Ke- 2.Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.Mat Rashid, K., Che Ngah, H., Mohamed, Z., & Mansor, N. (2015). Success factors among women entrepreneur in Malaysia. International Academic ResearchJournal of Business andTechnology, 1(2), 28-36Maurel, M. C. (2008). Local development stakeholders and the European model: Learningthe LEADER approach in the new member states. Sociologicky Casopic / Czech SociologicalReview, 44, 511-529.Mayoux, L. (2000). Micro?nance and the empowerment of women: A review of the key issues. SocialFinance Unit Working Paper, 23, ILO, Geneva.Mbengue, D.M. (2012). Towards a global financial inclusion data infrastructure. IFCBulletin, no 38.Mbogo, M. (2010). The impact of mobile payments on the success and growth of micro- business: The case of M-PESA in Kenya. The Journal of Language, Technology and Entrepreneurshipin Africa, 2(1), 998-1279.Md. Mohar, M., Mior Razman, M. Y., Muhammad Fakhrurazy, M. A., Noorazimah, M. N., Chen, T. C., &Hong, T. N. (2010). Kajian perbandingan keusahawanan bangsa Melayu dan Cina di Johor Bahru.Persidangan Kebangsaan PertamaKeusahawanan dan Perniagaan Kecil, Universiti Utara Malaysia.Mehrotra, A. & Yetman, J. (2015). Financial inclusion: Issues for central banks. BISQuarterly Review, March.Mehrotra, N., Puhazhendhi, V., Nair, G. G., & Sahoo, B. B. (2009). Financial inclusion: Anoverview. Department of Economic Analysis and Research, NABARD.Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: Design andInterpretation. Sage Publications.Midawati & Buang, A. (2014). Keusahawanan peniaga wanita Minangkabau.Geografia OnlineTM Malaysia Journal of Society and Space, 10(5), 188 202.Moha Asri, A. (2002). Entrepreneurs and their influence on usage of IT in smes:Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of small business and entrepreneurship,16(2), 60.Mohamad Najib, A. G. (1999). Penyelidikan pendidikan. Skudai, Johor Darul Ta'zim :Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Mohamad, M., & Bakar, M. S. (2017). Does work-family conflict affect womenentrepreneurial success? International Journal of Academic Research in Business and SocialSciences, 7(3), 566-571.Mohan, R. (2006). Economic growth, financial deepening and financial inclusion. At the AnnualBankers Conference.Mohd Hassan, M.O. (2007). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejayaan usahawan kredit mikro dinegeri Johor. Vot Penyelidikan 75002, Universiti TeknologiMalaysia.Mohd Nor Hidayat, H. (2011). Faktor bantuan kerajaan yang meningkatkan kejayaan usahawan industrikecil dan sederhana bumiputera di Sabak Bernam, Selangor (Tesis Sarjana Muda), Universiti TeknologiMalaysia.Mohd Nor, M. S. (2003). An evalution of a government lacked loan scheme in Malaysia.Sintok: Universiti Utara Malaysia.Mohd Nuzi, M. N. (2000). Amalan keselamatan bengkel di kalangan pelajar kursus amalan bengkel mesindi Sekolah Menengah Teknik Kemaman, Terengganu : Satu tinjauan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia:TesisSarjana Muda.Mohd Rosli, M. (2000). Industri kecil dan sederhana : Landasan pembangunan usahawan.Penerbit Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.Mohd Shariff, M. N., & Peou, C. (2008). The relationship of entrepreneurial values, firm financingand the management and growth performance of small-medium enterprises in Cambodia. Problemand Perspectives in Management, 6(4).Mohd Shariff, M. N., Peou, C., & Ali, J. (2010). Moderating effect of government policy onentrepreneurship and growth performance of small-medium enterprises in Cambodia. InternationalJournal of Business and Management Science, 3(1),57.Mori, K., Kasim, M., Dullah, M., & Wilson, A. (2009). Industri kecil dan sederhana (IKS) danpinjaman kewangan di Sabah: Satu analisis empirikal. Prosiding PERKEMIV, 2, 185-198.Muhd Rashid, R., & Fazlee, A. (2010). Tahap pengurusan perniagaan dalam industri kecil dansederhana (IKS) pengusaha batik di daerah Kota Bharu. FakultiPendidikan.Muhamad Asri, A. G., & Zaimah, D. (2012). Transformasi dan prestasi perniagaan usahawanMelayu perusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS) di Johor Bharu. Prosiding PERKEM VII, 1,696708.Nadzri, S., Md Shamsudin, S., & Muhammad Sabri, M. F. (2014). Faktor-faktor penyumbang kepada kejayaan dan kegagalan perusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS) bumiputera diMalaysia. Synergizing Knowledge on Management and Muamalah.Narasimhan, C. R. L. (2014). The challenge of financial inclusion. Dipetik daripadahttp://www.thehindu.com, pada 12 April 2017.Neuman, W. L. (2011). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitativeapproaches (7th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.Nikina, A., Shelton, L. M., & LeLoarne, S. (2015) . An examination of how husbands, as keystakeholders, impact the success of women entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business and EnterpriseDevelopment, 22(1), 38-62.Nor Hasni, O. (2005). Keefisienan dan amalan perniagaan usahawan kecil bumiputera di Negeri KedahDarul Aman. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaNoraini, I. (2010). Penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. Graw-Hill Education : Malaysia.Norasmah, O. (2002). Keberkesanan program keusahawanan remaja di sekolahmenengah, (Tesis Doktor Falsafah), Serdang. Universiti Putra Malaysia.Ocampus, L. (2015). Can islamic banking increase financial inclusion in the muslim world?IMFdirect.Paige, R. C., & Litrell, M. A. (2002). Craft retailers criteria for success and associatedbusiness strategies. Journal of Small Business Strategies 40(44): 314-331.Pallant, J. (2011). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using the SPSSprogram. 4th Edition. Allen & Unwin, Berkshire.Park. A., & Ren, C. (2001). Microfinance with Chinese characteristics. WorldDevelopment, 29(1), 39-62Patel, B., & Chavde, K. (2013). Rural entrepreneurship in India: Challenge and problems.International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 1(2).Pelan Hala Tuju Program Transformasi Kerajaan (2017). Mempertingkatkan taraf kehidupan isirumah berpendapatan rendah. Dipetik daripadahttp://www.pmo.gov.my, pada 21 Disember 2017.Perbendaharaan Terengganu (2017). Ucapan bajet 2018. Dipetik daripadahttp://perbendaharaan.terengganu.gov.my, pada 28 Mac 2018.Peyrefitte, J., & Brice, J. (2004). Product diversification and r&d investment: Anempirical analysis of competing hypotheses. Organizational Analysis, 12(4),379-394.Prina, S. (2013). Banking the poor via savings accounts: Evidence from a fieldexperiment. Working Paper (May 28).Radiah, A. K., Mohd Rosli, M., & Abdul Azid, C. I. (2009). Success factors for small rural entrepreneurs under the One-District-One Industry programme in Malaysia. ContemporaryManagement Research, 5(2), 147-162.Rahmah, I. (2006). Daya saing usahawan dan syarikat Melayu dalam sektor pembuatan danperkhidmatan. Selangor: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Rancangan Malaysia Kesebelas (2015). Pertumbuhan berpaksikan rakyat.Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Rancangan Pembangunan Negeri Terengganu (2008). Dipetik daripadahttp://www.terengganu.gov.my, pada 20 Oktober 2017.Rancangan Struktur Negeri Terengganu (2006). Dipetik daripadahttp://www.terengganu.gov.my, pada 2 Oktober 2017.Randall, D. (2012). The global financial inclusion index. Development Research Group,Finance and Private Sector Development Tema, World bank.Rosli, M. S. (2015). Hubungan antara perancangan perniagaan, sumber pembiayaan dan persekitaranluar dengan prestasi perniagaan : Kajian emptrikal PKS di Malaysia. Tesis PHD, Universiti UtaraMalaysia, 2015.Rosli, M. S., Abdullah, A.G., & Shuhymee, A. (2014). Kesan sumber pembiayaan ekuiti dan hutang keatas prestasi perniagaan kecil dan sederhana di Malaysia. SainsHumanik, 2(1), 151-157.Rosman, M. (2009). Prestasi Perusahaan Kecil: Satu kajian perbandingan ke atas programmikrokredit Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) dan Tabung Ekonomi Kumpulan Usaha Niaga (TEKUN).Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Malaya.Rothaermel, F.T. (2013). Strategic management: Concepts and cases. McGraw-Hill.Rozell, E.J., Scroggins, W.A., Amoros, J.E., Arteaga, M.E., & Schlemm, M.M. (2010).Entrepreneurship in specific cultural contexts: The role of training and development for entrepreneur-culture fit. Journal for Global Business Education, 10, 51-71.Rudy (2002). Usahawan bumiputera, usahawan sukses. Pustaka Wira Sdn Bhd.Sahay, R., Cihak, M., NDiaye, P., Barajas, A., Mitra, S., Kyobe, A., Mooi, Y. N., & Yousefi, S.R., (2015). Financial inclusion: Can it meet multiple macroeconomic goals? SDN /15/17.Salam, M. A. (2013). Effects of lease finance on performance of SMEs in Bangladesh.International Journal of Science and Research, 2(12), 2319-7064.Schaner, S. (2013). The cost of convenience? Transaction costs, bargaining power, and savingsaccount use in Kenya. Working Paper (August 14), DartmouthUniversity.Schultze, W., & Weiler, A. (2010). Goodwill accounting and performancemeasurement. Managerial Finance, Special Issue Asset Impairment, 36(9),768-784.Scott, M., & Bruce, R. (1987). Five stages of growth in small business. Long RangePlanning, 20(3), 45-52.Shankar, S. (2013). Financial inclusion in India: Do microfinance institutions addressaccess barriers? Journal of Entrepreneurship Perspectives, 2(1), 60-74.Shuhymee, A., & Abdullah, A. G. (2013). Orientasi keusahawanan dan prestasi perniagaan:Pengaruh penyederhana gaya kepimpinan transformasi. Jurnal Pengurusan, 37(2013), 115 123.Siriwan, U., Ramabut, C., Thitikalaya, N., & Pongwiritthon, R. (2013). Themanagement of small and medium enterprises to achieve competitive advantages.Journal of Arts and Sciences, 6, 154-156.Siti Nor Wardatulaina, M.Y. (2011). Success factors in enterpreneurship: The case study ofMalaysia. Pilot Research Work (Phd Thesis), Department DEconomia De LEmpresa, UniversitatAutonoma de Barcelona.SME Corporation Malaysia. (2013). Garis panduan bagi definisi baharu. Dipetik daripada,http://www.smecorp.gov.my, pada 17 Februari 2017.Snodgrass, D. & Sebstad, J. (2002). Clients in context: The impacts of microfinance in threecountries. Synthesis Report, Project on Assessing the Impact of MicroenterpriseServices, Washington, DC, USAID.Srinivasan, N. (2009). Microfinance India: State of the sector report 2009. SAGEPublications India Pvt Ltd. New Delhi, India.Suhaila, N., Suhaily, M.S., & Muhammad Firdaus, M.S., (2014). Faktor-faktor penyumbang kepada kejayaan dan kegagalan perusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS) bumiputera diMalaysia. E-proceedings of the Conference on Management and Muamalah (CoMM 2014).Synergizing Knowledge on Management and Muamalah.Sulaiman, N. & Mohd Saukan, M. N. (2007). Modal sosial dalam mempertingkat daya saing firmaperusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS). IJMS, 14(2), 93-111.Swierczek, F.W., & Ha, T.T. (2003). Entrepreneurial orientation, uncertainty avoidance and firmperformance: an analysis of Thai and Vietnamese SMEs. TheInternational Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 4(1). 46-58.Syed, S. A., Mohd Fauzi, M. J., & Nor Asiah, O. (2011). An emprical study of success factors ofwomen entrepreneurs in southern region In Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Finance,3(2).Tuesta, D., Sorensen, G., Haring, A., & Camara, N. (2015). Financial inclusion and itsdeterminants: The case of Argentina. Working paper 15/03, Madrid.Tung, R. L., & Ayean, Z. (2008). Key success factors and indigenous management practices in SMEs inmemerging economies. Journal of World Business, 43(4),138-154.Uma, S. (1992). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. 2nd Edition,John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.Uma, S., & Bougie, R. (2013). Research methods for business. Edisi ke-5. United States:John Wiley and Sons.Unit Perancangan Ekonomi Negeri Terengganu, (2019). Dipetik daripadahttp://upen.terengganu.gov.my, pada 12 Februari 2019.United Nations Conference On Trade And Development (2012). Mobile money for business development in the east african community. United Nations Publication, Switzerland.Vasu, E. S. (1979). Non-normality in regression anlysis: Monte Carlo investigation underthe condition of multicollinearity. Working papers in methodology. Number 9. Institutefor Reserach in Social Science, University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill, North Carolina,USA.Wade, M., & Hulland, J. (2004). The resource-based view and information systems research: Review,extension, and suggestions for future research. MIS Quarterly, 28 (1), 107142.Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource based view of the firm. Strategic ManagementJournal, 5, 171-180.Wilkund, J., & Shephard, D. (2003). Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation,and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses. Strategic management, 24(13),1307-1314.World Bank (2010). Improving Access to Financial Services in Indonesia. Dipetik daripadawww.worldbank.org/financialinclusion, pada 19 Februari 2017.World Bank (2012). Financial inclusion strategies: Reference framework. Dipetik daripadawww.worldbank.org/financialinclusion, pada 19 Februari 2017.World Bank (2014). Global financial development report 2014: Financial inclusion.Washington.Yayasan Pembangunan Usahawan Terengganu (2017). Dipetik daripadahttps://www.ypu.com.my/sejarah-ypu/, pada 11 Oktober 2017.Yusoff, M. & Yaacob, M. (2010). The government business support services in Malaysia: The evolution and challenges in the new economic model. International Journal ofBusiness and Management, 5(9), 60-71.Zaidatol Akmaliah, L. P. (2007). Usahawan dan keusahawanan satu perspektif pendidikan.Serdang: Universiti Putra Malaysia.Zaim Shah, A. (2009). Strategi pembuatan terhadap prestasi syarikat industri kecil dan sederhana(IKS). Tesis Sarjana, Universiti Utara Malaysia.Zeti, A. A. (2010). Financial inclusion in Malaysia: Welcoming remarks by governor of the centralbank of Malaysia, at the financial inclusion advisers programme.BIS Review 4/2010.