Synthesis and characterization of zinc layered hydroxide intercalated with 4-aminobenzoic acid as sunscreen formulation
The aims of this study were to synthesis and characterize zinc layered hydroxideintercalated with 4-aminobenzoic acid (ZAB) as a sunscreen formulation. ZAB was successfullysynthesized from 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-AB) and zinc oxide (ZnO) precursor using directmethod. The intercalation of compound was...
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| Format: | thesis |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6749 |
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| Summary: | The aims of this study were to synthesis and characterize zinc layered hydroxideintercalated with 4-aminobenzoic acid (ZAB) as a sunscreen formulation. ZAB was successfullysynthesized from 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-AB) and zinc oxide (ZnO) precursor using directmethod. The intercalation of compound was confirmed by using powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD)pattern with a basal spacing of 23.2 at lower 2 angle. The result was supported by fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectrum where the signal of carboxyl and amine functional groups wereobserved at 1518 and 1174 cm?, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis and deferentialthermal gravimetric (TGA/DTG) showed that ZAB material was more stable compared to pure4-AB. Carbon composition in the material acquired from carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen andsulphur (CHNS) analysis was 19.2%. This composition is close to theoretical value of 21% of carbonpresence in ZAB. Surface area of ZAB obtained from breuneur, emmet and teller (BET) analysis was53.80 m/g much higher compared to 3.38 m/g of ZnO material which was caused by the modificationof ZnO pore texture transformed into layered intercalation compound. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) morphology of ZAB clearly showed that the material wasflake-like shape with different sizes after intercalation process. Kinetics release study ofanion from interlayer of ZAB fitted to pseudo-second order with 0.945 of correlation coefficient(r) exhibited the highest accumulated released of 4-AB anion was in pH 5.5 phosphate buffersolution. Cytotoxicity study demonstrated human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells were exposed to ZABconcentration at below 25.0 g/mL experienced less than 50% of cell viability reduction, indicatingno cytotoxicity effect to HDF cells. In conclusion, ZAB material has been successfully synthesizedand characterized. The implication of this study is to offer non-toxic formulated sunscreenthat potential to improvepharmaceutical technology and medical care. |
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