Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah

<p>Kajian ini bertujuan membina dan menilai kebolehlaksanaan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif</p><p>Berunsur Drama (PeTif-Ma) sebagai panduan pengajaran dan pembelajaran kepada guru</p><p>prasekolah. Pembinaan modul ini berdasarkan model...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Jamariah Muhamad
Format: thesis
Language:zsm
Published: 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7143
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:7143
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language zsm
topic
spellingShingle
Jamariah Muhamad
Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
description <p>Kajian ini bertujuan membina dan menilai kebolehlaksanaan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif</p><p>Berunsur Drama (PeTif-Ma) sebagai panduan pengajaran dan pembelajaran kepada guru</p><p>prasekolah. Pembinaan modul ini berdasarkan model ASSURE. Modul PeTif-Ma ini telah </p><p>mencapai 84.8 peratus bagi kesahan kandungan dan kebolehpercayaan pekali</p><p>Cronbach Alpha (0.77). Kajian ini mengguna pakai Teori Kognitif Piaget, Teori Sosial</p><p>Vygotsky dan Teori Laban. Kajian ini juga menilai kepada perkembangan interaksi </p><p>lisan kanak-kanak semasa pengajaran guru berdasarkan modul PeTif-Ma ini. Pendekatan</p><p>Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan (DDR) telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Proses kajian dan pembangunan</p><p>modul melibatkan tiga fasa utama iaitu (1) Fasa Analisis Keperluan, (2) Fasa Reka</p><p>Bentuk dan Pembangunan dan (3) Fasa Pelaksanaan dan Penilaian. Pemilihan peserta kajian</p><p>dijalankan secara persampelan bertujuan melibatkan 2 orang guru prasekolah dan 6 orang</p><p>kanak-kanak prasekolah di 2 buah prasekolah Daerah Ledang, Johor. Data dalam kajian ini</p><p>dikumpul melalui pemerhatian, temu bual separa struktur dan hasil kerja murid. Hasil kajian yang</p><p>dianalisis melalui analisis kandungan berdasarkan tema menunjukkan bahawa Modul PeTif-Ma </p><p>ini menunjukkan kesan positif kepada pengetahuan, kemahiran dan amalan guru</p><p>prasekolah. Selain itu, dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perubahan yang positif</p><p>terhadap kemahiran interaksi lisan kanak-kanak iaitu kemahiran menyatakan jawapan,</p><p>mengemukakan soalan, menyatakan pendapat dan menyatakan arahan. Kesimpulan </p><p>daripada kajian menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan modul PeTif-Ma ini dapat membantu pengajaran</p><p>guru prasekolah dalam mengaplikasikan pergerakan kreatif berunsur drama dalam bilik darjah</p><p>prasekolah. Kajian ini juga menunjukkan keberkesanan modul PeTif-Ma ini mampu membantu</p><p>penguasaan yang lebih baik terhadap interaksi lisan kanak- kanak prasekolah. Implikasi</p><p>kajian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualiti amalan pengajaran guru yang lebih berfokuskan</p><p>kepada penglibatan kanak-kanak secara aktif dan kreatif di samping membantu kanak-kanak yang boleh</p><p>berinteraksi lisan dengan</p><p>baik sejajar dengan perkembangan mereka.</p><p></p>
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Doctorate
author Jamariah Muhamad
author_facet Jamariah Muhamad
author_sort Jamariah Muhamad
title Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
title_short Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
title_full Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
title_fullStr Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
title_full_unstemmed Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
title_sort reka bentuk dan pembangunan modul pergerakan kreatif berunsur drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Pusat Penyelidikan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak Negara
publishDate 2020
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7143
_version_ 1747833361508859904
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:71432022-06-14 Reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif Berunsur Drama terhadap interaksi lisan kanak kanak pra sekolah 2020 Jamariah Muhamad <p>Kajian ini bertujuan membina dan menilai kebolehlaksanaan Modul Pergerakan Kreatif</p><p>Berunsur Drama (PeTif-Ma) sebagai panduan pengajaran dan pembelajaran kepada guru</p><p>prasekolah. Pembinaan modul ini berdasarkan model ASSURE. Modul PeTif-Ma ini telah </p><p>mencapai 84.8 peratus bagi kesahan kandungan dan kebolehpercayaan pekali</p><p>Cronbach Alpha (0.77). Kajian ini mengguna pakai Teori Kognitif Piaget, Teori Sosial</p><p>Vygotsky dan Teori Laban. Kajian ini juga menilai kepada perkembangan interaksi </p><p>lisan kanak-kanak semasa pengajaran guru berdasarkan modul PeTif-Ma ini. Pendekatan</p><p>Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan (DDR) telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Proses kajian dan pembangunan</p><p>modul melibatkan tiga fasa utama iaitu (1) Fasa Analisis Keperluan, (2) Fasa Reka</p><p>Bentuk dan Pembangunan dan (3) Fasa Pelaksanaan dan Penilaian. Pemilihan peserta kajian</p><p>dijalankan secara persampelan bertujuan melibatkan 2 orang guru prasekolah dan 6 orang</p><p>kanak-kanak prasekolah di 2 buah prasekolah Daerah Ledang, Johor. Data dalam kajian ini</p><p>dikumpul melalui pemerhatian, temu bual separa struktur dan hasil kerja murid. Hasil kajian yang</p><p>dianalisis melalui analisis kandungan berdasarkan tema menunjukkan bahawa Modul PeTif-Ma </p><p>ini menunjukkan kesan positif kepada pengetahuan, kemahiran dan amalan guru</p><p>prasekolah. Selain itu, dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perubahan yang positif</p><p>terhadap kemahiran interaksi lisan kanak-kanak iaitu kemahiran menyatakan jawapan,</p><p>mengemukakan soalan, menyatakan pendapat dan menyatakan arahan. Kesimpulan </p><p>daripada kajian menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan modul PeTif-Ma ini dapat membantu pengajaran</p><p>guru prasekolah dalam mengaplikasikan pergerakan kreatif berunsur drama dalam bilik darjah</p><p>prasekolah. Kajian ini juga menunjukkan keberkesanan modul PeTif-Ma ini mampu membantu</p><p>penguasaan yang lebih baik terhadap interaksi lisan kanak- kanak prasekolah. Implikasi</p><p>kajian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualiti amalan pengajaran guru yang lebih berfokuskan</p><p>kepada penglibatan kanak-kanak secara aktif dan kreatif di samping membantu kanak-kanak yang boleh</p><p>berinteraksi lisan dengan</p><p>baik sejajar dengan perkembangan mereka.</p><p></p> 2020 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7143 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7143 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Pusat Penyelidikan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak Negara <p>A resource and policy Gotuide. (2008). 21st Century Skills, Education &</p><p>Competitiveness. Partnerships For 21st Century skills.</p><p></p><p>Abd Shatar Che Abd Rahman. (2007). Pengetahuan kandungan pedagogi guru Pendidikan Moral</p><p>Tingkatan empat di sebuah sekolah. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Kuala Lumpur:</p><p>Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Halim Masnan. (2014). Amalan pedagogi guru prasekolah permulaan. Tesis kedoktoran</p><p>yang tidak diterbitkan. Pulau Pinang: Universiti Sains Malaysaia.</p><p></p><p>Abdullah Hassan & Ainon Mohd. (1999). Komunikasi untuk guru. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan</p><p>Publication & Distributor.</p><p></p><p>Abu Bakar Nordin. (1995). Penilaian afektif. Kajang: Masa Enterprise.</p><p></p><p>Adenan Ayob & Khairuddin Mohamad. (2012). Methods of teaching Malay. Oxford Fajar: Shah Alam.</p><p></p><p>Addison, E. (2005). Miss Poppys guide to raising perfectly happy children. London: Happer Collins</p><p>Publisher Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Adolph, K. E., & Joh, A. S. (2007). Motor development: How infants get into the act: New York:</p><p>Oxford University University Press.</p><p></p><p>Aggeliki Tsapakidou, Sofia Stefanido & Eleni Tsompanaki. (2014). Locomotor Development of</p><p>Children Aged 3.5 to 5 Years in Nursery Schools in Greece. Rev. Eur. Stud., 6(1).</p><p></p><p>Ali Maksum. (2008). Kualitas guru Pendidikan Jasmani di sekolah: Antara harapan dan kenyataan.</p><p>Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan: Universitas Negeri Surabaya.</p><p></p><p>Aliza Ali & Zamri Mahmod. (2014). Pembangunan modul pendekatan berasaskan bermain bagi</p><p>pengajaran dan pembelajaran kemahiran bahasa kanak-kanak prasekolah. Prosiding Seminar </p><p>Pascasiswazah Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu dan Kesusasteraan Bahasa Melayu Kali Ke-3</p><p>(pp. 253-266). Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fakulti Pendidikan.</p><p></p><p>Aliza Ali & Zamri Mahmod. (2015). Analisis Keperluan terhadap pengguna sasaran modul pendekatan</p><p>berasaskan bermain bagi pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa kanak-kanak prasekolah. JuKu:</p><p>Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 3(1), 1-8.</p><p></p><p>Aliza Ali. (2012). Pemahaman dan persepsi guru tentang penggunaan kurikulum berasaskan</p><p>main bagi perkembangan bahasa murid prasekolah. Tesis sarjana pendidikan yang</p><p>tidak diterbitkan. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan</p><p>alaysia.</p><p></p><p>Aliza Ali. (2016). Pembangunan modul berasaskan bermain bagi kemahiran bahasa bagi kanak-kanak</p><p>prsekolah. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Allwright, D., & Bailey, K. M. (1991), Focus on the Language Learner. Cambridge, Cambridge</p><p>University Press.</p><p></p><p>An, S., Tillman, D., Kim, S. J., Tinajero, J., & Wang, J. (2019). Teaching Numbers Through Dance.</p><p>Journal of Dance Education, 19(4), 148-157. doi:10.1080/ 15290824.2018.1472380</p><p></p><p>Al-Thani, T. J. (2010). Investigating Teachers Practices of Creative thinking Skills in Qatari</p><p>Preschool. The International Journal of Learning, 17(5).</p><p></p><p>Altman, D., Burton, N., Cuthill, I., Festing, M., Hutton, J., & Playle, L. (2006). Why Do A Pilot</p><p>Study. National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animal in Research.</p><p>Diperolehi daripada https://ctsi.wakehealth. edu/Portals/0/ Animal Research Unsecure/When to do a</p><p>pilot study.pdf?ver= 2015-06-12-121723-077</p><p></p><p>Altschuld, J. W., & Witkin, B. R. (2001). From needs assessment to action</p><p>Transforming needs into solution strategies. Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks, CA.</p><p></p><p>Amla Salleh, Zuria Mahmud & Salleh Amat. (2009). Bimbingan dan kaunseling sekolah. Bangi:</p><p>Penerbit UKM.</p><p></p><p>Ariffin Azli. (2018). Reka bentuk Model Aktiviti Penggunaan Lagu Kanak-kanak Melayu</p><p>Tradisional Untuk Peningkatan Imaginasi-Kreatif Prasekolah. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak</p><p>diterbitkan. Kuala Lumpur. Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Asma Munirah, Nadirah, Fazielah, Shamsyl Hidayat & Mohd Syafiq. (2009). Isu-isu yang wujud dalam</p><p>dan luar Negara di peringkat awal kanak-kanak. Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Astriya, B. R. I., & Kuntoro, S. A. (2015). Pengembangan Kreativitas Dan Minat Belajar</p><p>Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun Melalui Permainan Konstruktif. Jurnal Pendidikan dan</p><p>Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 2(2), 131-144.</p><p></p><p>Aszunarni Ayob. (2018). Pemodelan Linear Berhierarki Peluang Untuk Belajar, Sikap Terhadap</p><p>Matematik Dan Pencapaian Matematik Murid Malaysia. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak </p><p>diterbitkan. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Azizah Lebai Nordin & Zainun Ishak. (1999). Pendidikan Prasekolah untuk guru.</p><p>Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Azizah Zain. (2015). Pelaksanaan Modul Projek Penyiasatan Dalam Meningkatkan Komunikasi dan </p><p>Kemahiran Sosial Kanak-kanak Prasekolah. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan.</p><p>Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Azizi Yahaya, Jaafar Sidek Latif, Shahrin Hashim & Yusof Boon. (2005). Psikologi Sosial Alam</p><p>Remaja. Bentong: PTS Publication & Distributors.</p><p></p><p>Badler, N. I., Chi, D. M., & Chopra, S. (1999). Virtual human animation based on</p><p>movement observation and cognitive behavior models. In Proceedings Computer Animation</p><p>1999 (pp. 128-137). IEEE.</p><p></p><p>Baharuddin ,A., Rio Sumarni, S., & Manimegalai S. (2002). Reka bentuk Perisian</p><p>Multimedia. Penerbit UTM.</p><p></p><p>Barnett, L. M., Van Beurden, E. Morgan, P. J., Brook, L. O., & Bread, J. R. (2009). Childhood motor</p><p>skill proficiency as predictor of adolescent physical activity. Journal Of Adolescent Health,</p><p>44(3), 252-259.</p><p></p><p>Barron, F., & Harrington, D. M. (1981). Creativity, intelligence, and personality.</p><p>Annual review of psychology, 32(1), 439-476.</p><p></p><p>Bartenieff, I., Hackney, P., True Jones, B., Van Zile, J., & Wolz, C. (1984). The</p><p>potential of movement analysis as a research tool: A preliminary analysis. Dance Research</p><p>Journal, 16(1), 3-26.</p><p></p><p>Bartenieff, I., & Lewis, D. (1980). Body movement: Coping with the environment.</p><p>New York: Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Batey, M., & Furnham, A. (2006). Creativity, intelligence, and personality: A critical review of</p><p>the scattered literature. Genetic, social, and general psychology monographs, 132(4),</p><p>355-429.</p><p></p><p>Baylor, A. L. (2005). The impact of pedagogical agent image on affective outcomes. In International</p><p>Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, San Diego, CA (pp. 29). San Diego, CA.</p><p></p><p>Baylor, A. L., & Kim, Y. (2005). Simulating pedagogical agent instructional roles.</p><p>International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 15(1).</p><p></p><p>Beaty, J. (1986). Observing the development of the young child (3rd Edition). New York:</p><p>Macmillan.</p><p></p><p>Beaty, J. (2006). Observing Development of Young Child. New Jersey: Pearson Merrill</p><p>Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Beattie, D. K. (2000). Creativity in art: The feasibility of assessing </p><p>current conceptions in the school context. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice,</p><p>7(2), 175-192.</p><p></p><p>Beneke, S. J. (2010). The effects of the project approach on the children in inclusive early</p><p>childhood classrooms. Diperolehi daripada disertasi dan tesis Proquest.</p><p></p><p>Beitchman, J. H., Wilson, B., Johnson, C. J., Atkinson, L., Young, A., Adlaf, E., & Douglas, L. </p><p>(2001). Fourteen-year follow-up study of speech/language impaired and control children:</p><p>Psychiatric outcome. Journal of the American Academy Of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,</p><p>40(1),75-82.</p><p></p><p>Berk, L. E. (2009). Child development. Boston: Pearson Education Inc.</p><p></p><p>Berko-Gleason, J. (1997). The development of language. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Birbli, M., & Ioanna, K. (2010). Helping children and their parents ask better</p><p>questions: An Intevention study. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 24(1),</p><p>18-31.</p><p></p><p>Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (1998). Qualitative research in education: An</p><p>introduction to theory and methods (3rd Edition). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Bowman, B. T., Donavan, M. S., & Burns, M. S. (Eds.). (2001). Eager to Learn:</p><p>Educating our preschoolers. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.</p><p></p><p>Bozanic, A., Beslija, T. (2010). Relations between fundamental motor skills and specific.</p><p>Sport Science 3(1), 19-83.</p><p></p><p>Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional design: The ADDIE approach. New York: Springer</p><p>Scoence and Business.</p><p></p><p>Branta C., Haubenstricker, J., & Seefeldt, V. (1984). Age changes in motor skills</p><p>during childhood and adolescence. Exersice and Sports Sciences Reviews, 12, 467-519.</p><p></p><p>Bransford, J. D., Sherwood, R. D., Hasselbring, T. S., Kinzer, C. K., & Williams, S.</p><p>M. (1990). Anchored instruction: Why we need it and how technology can help. In D.</p><p>Nix and R. Spiro (Eds.). Cognition, education and multimedia: Exploring ideas in high</p><p>technology. (pp. 115-141). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.</p><p></p><p>Bredekamp, S., & Rosegrant, T. (Eds.). (1992). Reaching potentials: Transforming early</p><p>childhood curriculum and assessment. (Volume 1). Washington, DC: National Association for</p><p>the Education of Young Children.</p><p></p><p>Bredekamp, S., & Copple, C. (1997). Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood</p><p>programs serving children from birth through age 8. Washington, DC: NAEYC.</p><p></p><p>Breslin, C. M., & Rudisill, M. E. (2011). The effect of visual supports on performance of the</p><p>TGMD-2 for children with autism spectrum disorder. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly,28, 34235</p><p></p><p>Bronfenbrener, U. (1989). The ecology of human development. Cambridge MA. Harvard</p><p>University Press.</p><p></p><p>Bryman, A. (2008). Social research method (3rd Edition). New York: Oxford</p><p>University</p><p></p><p>Burch, S. (2007). Knowledge Sharing for Rural Development: Challenges, Experiences</p><p> and Methods. Translated from the Spanish: Compartir Conocimientos Para el</p><p>Dessarolo Rural: Retos, Experiencias y Metodos. ALAI, Quito Press.</p><p></p><p>Carlson, S. A., Fulton, J. E., Lee, S. M., Maynard, L. M., Brown, D. R., Kohl III, H. W., & Dietz,</p><p>W. H. (2008). Physical education and academic achievement in elementary school: data from the early</p><p>childhood longitudinal study. American journal of public health, 98(4), 721-727.</p><p></p><p>Chang, K. E., Wu, L. J., Weng, S. E., & Sung, Y. T. (2012). Embedding game-based problem-solving</p><p>phase into problem-posing system for mathematics learning. Computers & Education, 58(2),775-786.</p><p></p><p>Chervenak, R. (2011). Play in kindergarten: Perspectives a full and half day</p><p>kindergarten teacher. Diperolehi daripada http://etd.ohiolink.edu/sendpdf.</p><p>cgi/Chervenak%20Rachel.pdf?bgsu1307916817</p><p></p><p>Cheung, R. H. P. (2010). Designing movement activities to develop childrens creativity</p><p>in early childhood education. Early Child Development and Care, 180, 377-385. Diperolehi</p><p>daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.1080 /0300443080193</p><p>1196</p><p></p><p>Cheung, R. H. P. (2012). Teaching for creativity: examining the beliefs of early</p><p>childhood teachers and their influence on teaching practices. Australasian Journal of Early</p><p>Childhood, 37(3), 43-51.</p><p></p><p>Chi, D., Costa, M., Zhao, L., & Badler, N. (2000). The EMOTE model for effort and shape.</p><p>Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, 173-182</p><p></p><p>Chronopoulou, E., & Riga, V. (2012). he Contribution of Music and Movement Activities</p><p>to Creative Thinking in Pre-School Children. Creative Education, 3(02), 196-204. Diperolehi</p><p>daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ce. 2012.32031.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2011). Kaedah penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Mc Graw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2006b). Kaedah Penyelidikan Buku 1. Kuala Lumpur: Mc Graw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Clark, J. E., & Oliveira, M. A. (2006). Motor behaviour as a scientific field: A view from the</p><p>start of the 21st century. Brazilian Journal of Motor Behaviour, 1(1).</p><p></p><p>Cleland, F., & Gallahue, D. L. (1993). Young children's divergent movement ability.</p><p>Perceptual & Motor Skills, 77, 535-544.</p><p></p><p>Clore, G. L., & Huntsinger, J. R. (2007). How emotions inform judgment and regulate thought. Trends</p><p>in Cognitive Sciences, 11(9), 393-399.</p><p></p><p>Collins, V. K., Miller, S. A., & Yates, M. (2005). The language arts get physical: Fun, fitness and</p><p>fundamentals. Dimensions of Early Childhood, 33(33), 27-32.</p><p></p><p>Connaway, L. S., & Powell, R. R. (2010). Basic research methods for librarians. CA: Libraries</p><p>Unlimited.</p><p></p><p>Cooley C. H. (1902). Human mature and the social order. New York, NY: Schoclien Books.</p><p></p><p>Copeland, K., Kendeigh, C., Saelens, B., Kalkwarf, H., & Sherman, S. (2012). Physical</p><p>activity in child-care centers: do teachers hold the key to the playground?. Health</p><p>Education Research, 27(1), 81-100.</p><p></p><p>Copeland, K., Sherman, S., Kendeigh, C., Saelens, B., & Kalkwarf, H. (2009). Flip flops, dress</p><p>clothes, and no coat: clothing barriers to childrens physical activity in child-care</p><p>centers identified from a qualitative study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and</p><p>Physical Activity, 6(1), 74.</p><p></p><p>Copeland, K. A., Sherman, S. N., Kendeigh, C. A., Kalkwarf, H. J., & Saelens, B. E. (2012).</p><p>Societal values and policies may curtail preschool childrens physical activity in child care</p><p>centers. Pediatrics, 129(2), 265-274.</p><p></p><p>Cratty, B. J. (1970). Perceptual and motor development in infants and children. New York:</p><p>MacMillan, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Cratty, B. J. (1986). Perceptual and motor development in infants and children. Los Angeles:</p><p>Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quanitative </p><p>and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting and evaluating</p><p>quantitative and qualitative research. Boston: Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2005). Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitave Approaches.</p><p>London, UK: SAGE Publications</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative, and Mixed Methods</p><p>Approaches (4th Edition). UK: SAGE Publications</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative, and Mixed Methods</p><p>Approaches (5th Edition). UK: SAGE Publications</p><p></p><p>Cropley, A. J. (2001). Creativity in education and learning: A guide for teachers and educators.</p><p>Kodan Page Limited. UK.</p><p></p><p>Davis, G. A. (1986). Creativity is forever (2nd Edition). Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing</p><p>Company.</p><p></p><p>Degirmenci Uysal, N., & Yavuz, F. (2018). Language learning through drama. International</p><p>Journal of Learning and Teaching, 10(4), 376-380. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>https://doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v10i4.766</p><p></p><p>DeOreo, K. & Keogh, J. (1980). Performance of fundamental motor tasks. In Corbin,</p><p>C.B. (Eds.) A textbook of motor development (2nd Edition). Dubuque, Iowa: WCB.</p><p></p><p>Derri, V., Tsapakidou, A., Zachopoulou, E., & Kioumourtzoglou, E. (2001). Effect of a Music and</p><p>Movement Programme on Development of Locomotor Skills by Children 4 to 6 Years of Age. European</p><p>Journal of Physical Education, 6(1), 16-25. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1740898010060103</p><p></p><p>Dewy, D., Kaplan, B. J., Crawford, S. G., & Wilson, B. N. (2002). Developmental coordination </p><p>disorder: Associated problems in attention, learning and psychosocial adjustment. Human</p><p>Movement Science, 21(5-6), 905-918.</p><p></p><p>Dodge, D.T., Heroman, C., Charles, J., & Maiorca, J. (2004). Beyond outcomes: How on going</p><p>assessment supports childrens learning and leads to meaningful curriculum. Young Children,</p><p>59(1), 20-28</p><p></p><p>Donnelly, J. E., & Lambourne, K. (2011). Classroom-based physical activity,</p><p>cognition, and academic achievement. Prevent Medicine 52, 536-542.</p><p></p><p>Dragana Cicovic-Sarajlic. (2013). Dancing as an expression on childrens creativity in music </p><p>culture teaching and physical education. Activities in Physical Education and Sport</p><p>Federation of the Sports Pedagogues of the Republic of Macedonia, 3(1), 77-78.</p><p></p><p>Dubrac, A. L. (2013). Using theatre techniques in the language classroom. Conference presentation</p><p>at the 8th Drama and Education IDEA World Conference. Paris, France.</p><p></p><p>Dummer, G. M., Haubenstricker, J. L., & Steward, D. A (1996). Motor skill performances</p><p>of children who are deaf. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 13(4), 400-414</p><p></p><p>Dzaldov, B. S., & Peterson, S. (2005). Book leveling and readers. The Reading Teacher,</p><p>59(3), 222229.</p><p></p><p>Eggen, P., & Kauchak, D. (2012). Educational psychology:windows on classrooms</p><p>(9th Edition). Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Education.</p><p></p><p>Elksnin, L. K., & Elksnin, N. (2006). Using literature to teach social emotional skills to children</p><p>with LD. Paper presented at the Learning Disabilities Worldwide 15th Annual Congress on LD,</p><p>Burlington, MA.</p><p></p><p>Ericsson, I. (2008). To measure and improve motor skills in practise. International</p><p>Journal Pediatric Obes, 3(1), 21-27.</p><p></p><p>Essa, E. L. (2011). Introduction to early childhood education. 6th Edition. Los Angeles:</p><p>Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.</p><p></p><p>Faezah Abd Ghani & Mazlan Aris. (2012). Pembinaan, Kesahan dan</p><p>Kebolehpercayaan Modul Kemahiran Mengawal Stress Kehidupan Guru. JuKu: Jurnal</p><p>Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v58n1.202</p><p></p><p>Farah Nur Hamid & Maslida Yusuf. (2015). Analisis Strukutur fokus dalam</p><p>komunikasi arahan guru dalam bilik darjah. Jurnal Melayu, 14(2).</p><p></p><p>Faridah Salam, Ramlah Mailok & Norhasbiah Ubaidullah. (2015). Perubahan Pencapaian</p><p>Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi melalui Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek</p><p>dengan Scaffolding. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 40(1), 29-41.</p><p></p><p>Fazzi,B., Lanners, J., Ferrari-Ginerva, O., Achille, C., Luparia, A., Signorini, S., & Lanzi,</p><p>G. (2002). Gross motor development and reach on sound as critical tools for the</p><p>development of the blind child. Brain and Development, 24, 269- 275.</p><p></p><p>Fleming, G. A. (1976). Creative Rhythmic Movement. Englewood Cliff, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.</p><p></p><p>Foroud, A., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2006). Changes in the kinematic structure and non- kinematic</p><p>features of movements during skilled reaching after stroke: A Laban Movement Analysis in two</p><p>case studies. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 158, 137-149.</p><p></p><p>Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2003). How to design and evualate research. United State of</p><p>America: McGraw-Hill Inc.</p><p></p><p>Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2008). How to design and evualate research. United State of</p><p>America: McGraw-Hill Inc.</p><p></p><p>Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in</p><p>education (8th Editon). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2006). How to design and evaluate research in</p><p>education. New York: McGraw-Hill</p><p></p><p>Gabbard, C. P. (2008). Lifelong motor development 9 (5th Edition) CA: Pearson Benjamin</p><p>Cumming.</p><p></p><p>Gagne, R. M., Wager, W. W., & Killer, M. J. (2005). Principles of instructional</p><p>design. Ed. Ke-5. USA: Thompson Wadsmorth.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue D. L., & Donnely, F. C. (2003). Developmental physical education for all children. Human</p><p>Kinetics, Champaign.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L., & Donnelly, F. C. (2007). Developmental physical education for all children. Human</p><p>Kinetics, Champaign.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L., & Ozmun, J. C. (1998). Understanding motor development: infants, children,</p><p>adolescents, adults (4th Edition). Dubuque. Iowa. McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Goodway, J. D., Ozmun, J. C., & Gallahue, D. L. (2019). Understanding motor development:</p><p>Infants, children, adolescents, adults. Jones & Bartlett Learning.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L. (2002). Developmental physical education for today's children.</p><p>Thessaloniki: University Studio Press.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L., & Ozmun, J. C. (2006). Understanding motor development: infants, children,</p><p>adolescents, adults (4th Edition). Boston: McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L. (1982). Understanding motor development in children. Canada: John Wily & Sons, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L. (1996). Development physical education for todayss children.</p><p>Boston: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Gallahue, D. L., & Ozmun, J. C. (1998). Understanding motor development: infants - 20 children,</p><p>adolescentrs, adults (4th Edition). Boston: McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Gay, L. R. (1996). Educational research; Competencies for analysis and application.</p><p>New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.</p><p></p><p>Garzotto, F. (2008). Broadening childrens involment as design partners: From technology </p><p>to -experience?. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Interaction</p><p>Design and Children (pp.186-193). Chicago: ACM.</p><p></p><p>Gay, L. R., & Airaasian. (2003). Eduactional research; competencies for analysis and application</p><p>(7th Edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Gayatri Marimothu & Rohaidah Kamarudin. (2018). Pemerolehan dan penguasaan leksikal bahasa</p><p>Melayu kanak-kanak India di prasekolah. Jurnal Pertanika MAHAWANGSA, 5(1), 413-421. ISSN</p><p>2289-7259</p><p></p><p>Gellens, S. (2005). Integrate movement to enhance childrens brain development.</p><p>Dimensions of Early Childhood, 33(3), 14-21.</p><p></p><p>Gersak, V. (2012). Creative Movement: An opportunity for affective education. In</p><p>Proceedings of the daCi and WDA Global Dance Summit. Taipei National University of the</p><p>Arts, Taiwan.</p><p></p><p>Gesell Institute of Child Development. (2012). Gesell developmental observation- revised</p><p>and Gesell early screener technical report ages 3-6. New Haven, CT: Author.</p><p></p><p>Ghazali Darusalam & Sufean Husin. (2016). Metodologi Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan.</p><p>Amalan dan Analisis kajian. Universiti Malaya: Kuala Lumpur.</p><p></p><p>Glesne & Peshkin, A. (1992). Becoming qualitative researchers: An introcuction.</p><p>White Plains, NY: Longman.</p><p></p><p>Goldhaber, D., & Brewer, D. (2007). Why don't schools and teachers seem to matter? Assessing the</p><p>impact of unobservables on educational productivity. Journal of Human Resources, 32(3), 505-523.</p><p></p><p>Gontarev, S., Zivkovic, V., Velickovska, L. A., & Naumovski, M. (2014). First normative</p><p>reference of standing long jump indicates gender difference in lower muscular strength of</p><p>Macedonian school children. Health, 6(1), 99-106.</p><p></p><p>Gowen, J. W. (1995). Research in review: The early development of symbolic play.</p><p>Young Children, March, 50(3), 75-84.</p><p></p><p>Gray, L., Ng, H., & Bartlett, D. (2010). The gross motor function classification</p><p>system: an update on impact and clinical utility. Pediatric physical therapy,</p><p>22(3), 315-320.</p><p></p><p>Groff, E. (1995). Laban Movement Analysis: Charting the ineffable domain of human movement. The</p><p>Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 66(2), 27-30.</p><p></p><p>Gunn, B.,Vadasy, P., & Smolkowski, K. (2011). Instruction to help young children develop</p><p>language and literacy skills: The roles of program design and instructional guidance.</p><p>NHSA Dialog, 14(3), 157-173.</p><p></p><p>Haga, M. (2008). The relationship between physical fitness and motor competence in children. Child:</p><p>care, health and development, 34(3), 329-334.</p><p></p><p>Halijah Ibrahim & Valli, S. (2006). Prestasi kemahiran motor kanak-kanak spastik</p><p>menggunakan mccarron assessment of neuromusculkar development. Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti</p><p>Teknologi: Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Halliday, M. A. K. (1975). Language structure and language function. In John Lyons (Eds.). New</p><p>Horizons in Linguistics. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.</p><p></p><p>Halpenny, A. M., & Pettersen. J. (2014). Introducing Piaget. A guide for</p><p>practitioners and students in early years education. Taylor and Francis.</p><p></p><p>Hanizah Abdul Bahar. (2010). Penggunaan dan integrasi muzik dalam pengajaran dan</p><p>pembelajaran di prasekolah Seri Mawar, Institut Pendidikan Guru, Kampus Ipoh. Tesis</p><p>Sarjana Pendidikan yang tidak diterbitkan. Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidiakn Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Hannafin, M. J., & Hill, J. (2007). Chapter 40: Resource-Based Learning. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://faculty.ksu.ecu.sa//Alhassan/Hand%20book%20on%research%</p><p>20in%20edycational%20communication/ER5849x_040.fm.pdf</p><p></p><p>Hanri, C. (2013). Modul Pengajaran Kimia Berdasarkan Model Inkuiri- Kreativiti.</p><p>Universiti Teknologi Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Hardy, L. L., King, L., Farrell, L., Machiven, R., & Howlett, S. (2009). Fundamental movement</p><p>skills among Australian preschool children. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 13(5),</p><p>503-508.</p><p></p><p>Harriet, N. A. (2006). The effect of two instructional approaches on the object control skills of</p><p>children considered disadvantaged. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. The Ohio State</p><p>University.</p><p></p><p>Haslina Hanafi. (2013). Pembinaan Instrumen Kesediaan Belajar Awal Kanak-kanak (IKBAK). Pulau</p><p>Pinang: Universitti Sains Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Hasniza Nordin. (2014). Pre-service teachers TPACK and experience of ict</p><p>integration in schools in Malaysia and New Zealand. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. New</p><p>Zealand: University of Canterbury.</p><p></p><p>Haywood, K. M., & Getchell, N. (2009). Lifespan motor development (5th Edition).</p><p>Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.</p><p></p><p>Heinich, R. Molenda, M. & Rusell, J. D. (1982). Instructional media and the new</p><p>technologies for learning. Englewood Cliff. NJ: Prentice-Hall.</p><p></p><p>Heinich, R., Molenda, M., & Smaldino, S. E. (1996). Instructional media and technologies</p><p>for learning. Englewood Cliff. NJ: Prentice-Hall.</p><p></p><p>Higgins, L. (1993). Movement assessment in schizophrenia. In H. Payne (Eds.). Handbook of</p><p>inquiry in the arts therapies: One river, many currents. (pp. 138- 163). London: Jessica Kingsley</p><p>Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Hohmann, M., & Weikart, D. P. (1990). Educating young children: Active learning practices for</p><p>preschool and child care programs. North River Street USA: High Scope Press.</p><p></p><p>Hope-Southcott, L. (2010). Time Well Spent in a Kindergarten Class: A Teachers</p><p>Reflection on Using Talk to Learn. Brock Education: A Journal of Educational</p><p>Research and Practice, 20(1).</p><p></p><p>Hovart, M., Block, M. E., & Kelly, L. E. (2007). Development and adapted physical activity</p><p>assessment. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics</p><p></p><p>Howes, C. (1992). The collaborative construction of pretend: Social pretend play</p><p>functions. Albany: State University of New York Press.</p><p></p><p>Howes, C. (2012). Beyond the page: Digital story telling through games. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://macict.webfactional.com</p><p></p><p>Howes, C., Fuligni, A. S., Hong, S. S., Huang, Y. D., & Lara-Cinisomo, S. (2013). The preschool</p><p>Instrucnional Context and Child-Teacher Relationships. Early Education and Development, 3(24),</p><p>273-291.</p><p></p><p>Hughes, M., & Potter, D. (2002). Tweak to transform improving teaching: A Practical handbook for</p><p>social leader. Stafford: Network Educational Press.</p><p></p><p>Hulit, L. & Howard, M. (2006). Born to Talk, An Introduction to Speech and Language</p><p>Development (6th Edition). Allyn and Bacon: Needham Heights, MA.</p><p></p><p>Hurmeric, I. (2010). The effects of two motor skill interventions on preschool</p><p>childrens object control skills and their perceived motor competence. Tesis Kedoktoran</p><p>yang tidak diterbitkan. The Ohio State University.</p><p></p><p>Hutchinson, G. A. (2005). Labanotation: The system of analyzing and recording movement</p><p>(4th Edition). New York & London: Routledge. (Original work published 1954)</p><p></p><p>Idayu Abdul Said & Mohd Nazri Abd Rahman. (2017). Analisis kandungan terhadap aktiviti seni bagi</p><p>pendidik awal kanak-kanak dalam jurnal terpilih dari tahun 2010-2016. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran</p><p>Asia Pasifik, 5(1), 55-63.</p><p></p><p>Idogho, J. A. (2018). Teaching English As Second Language through Drama for Effective</p><p>Communication Skills: A Pragmatic Perspective. Journal of English Language Teaching and </p><p>Linguistics, 3(3), 259-273. Diperolehi daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.21462 /jeltl.v3i3.156</p><p></p><p>Ignico, A. (1994). Early childhood physical education: Providing the foundation.</p><p>Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 65(6), 28-30</p><p></p><p>Ihsen, E., Troester, H., & Brambring, M. (2010). The role of sound in encouraging infants</p><p>with congenital blindness to reach for objects. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness,</p><p>104(8), 478-488.</p><p></p><p>Ikeda, T., & Aoyagi, O. (2009). Relationships between gender difference in motor</p><p>performance and age, movement skills and physical fitness among 3-to 6-year- old Japanise children</p><p>based on effect size calculated by meta-analysis. School Health, 5, 9-23.</p><p></p><p>Isenberg, J. P., & Jalongo, M. R. (1997). Creative expression and play in early</p><p>childhood (3rd Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill. Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pelajaran Johor. (2011, April). Jauhari: Transformasi Kurikulum Dan</p><p>Implikasi Kepada Pemikiran Profesionalisme Guru. Jabatan Pelajaran Johor.</p><p></p><p>Jablonko, A., & Kagan, E. (1988). An experiment in looking: Reexamining the process of</p><p>observation. TDR, 32(4), 148-163</p><p></p><p>Jaffke, F. (2000). Work and play in early childhood. Edinburgh: Floris Books.</p><p></p><p>Jain Chee. (2017). Penerokaan Pengetahuan teknologi, pedagogi dan kandungan dalam </p><p>kalangan guru prasekolah di daerah Sandakan, Sabah. Tesis Kedotoran yang tidak</p><p>diterbitkan. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Jamaludin Ahmad. (2015). Modul Motivasi Diri (2nd Edition). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Jamariah Muhamad, Mahani Razali & Raja Azuan Nahar Raja Adnan. (2017). Needs and Criteria in </p><p>Developing Creative Movement Module for Preschool Children. International Journal of</p><p>Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(2), 570-581. No. 2ISSN: 2222-6990.</p><p></p><p>Jamila K.A. Mohamed Kutty, Mohd Hanafi Mohd Yasin, & Rosadah Abd. Majid. (2012).</p><p>Pelaksanaan pengajaran kemahiran membaca dan menulis dalam bahasa melayu bagi murid </p><p>prasekolah bermasalah pendengaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 2(1), 110-127. ISSN</p><p>2180-4842</p><p></p><p>Janus, M., & Offord, D. R. (2007). Development and pyschometric properties of the Early Development</p><p>Instrument (EDI): A measure of chilrens school readiness. Canadian Journal of Behavioural</p><p>Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 39(1), 1.</p><p></p><p>Jaslinah Mangkantal. (2012). Kemahiran Sosial Kanak-kanak melalui bermain: Satu Kajian Kes di</p><p>sebuah prasekolah. Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan. Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidikan</p><p>Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Jemaah Nazir & Jaminan kualiti. (2012). Laporan Kebangsaan pemeriksaan Khas Pendidikan</p><p>Prasekolah. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jemaah Nazir & Jaminan kualiti. (2013). Laporan Kebangsaan pemeriksaan Khas Pendidikan</p><p>Prasekolah. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jimmy, H. I., & Hoffman, J. (2003). The influence of motor skill interventions on</p><p>disadvantaged children. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 74(8), 14-14.</p><p></p><p>Johanna, E., & Philips, L. (1974). Teaching creative movement (1st American Edition).</p><p>Boston, Plays, inc.</p><p></p><p>Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2000). Educational Research Quantitative And Qualitative</p><p>Approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon</p><p></p><p>Justice, L. M., Pence, K. L., Beckman, A. R., Skibbe, L. E., & Wiggins, A. K. (2005).</p><p>Scaffolding with Storybooks. International Reading Association.</p><p></p><p>Kamarudin Hj. Husin. (1998). Pedagogi Bahasa: Siri Pendidikan Perguruan. Kuala Lumpur: Kumpulan</p><p>Budiman Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Kambas, A., Gourgoulis, V., Fatouros, I., Aggeloussis, N., Proviadaki, E., &</p><p>Taxildaris, K. (2005). Effect of a Psychomotor Training Program on the motor performance of</p><p>preschool aged children. Physical Education & Sports, 56, 4- 59</p><p></p><p>Kamdi Kamil. (1990). Keberkesanan program pengayaan alam dan manusia secara bermodul untuk</p><p>murid-murid pencapaian tinggi Tahun 5. Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan. Pulau Pinang:</p><p>Univerisit Sains Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kamisah Buang. (2013). Perkembangan literasi tinjauan prestasi kanak-kanak dan perspektif</p><p>kajian. Selangor: Nightingale Printing.</p><p></p><p>Kamisah Osman & Nurul Aini Bakar. (2013). Teachers and students as game designers:</p><p>Designing games for classroom integration. In S. de Freitas, M. Ott,</p><p>M. popescu, & I. Stanescu (Eds.). New pedagogical approaches in game enhanced </p><p>learning: Curriculum integration. (pp. 102-11). Hershey: Information Science</p><p>Reference. Doi: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3950-8ch006</p><p></p><p>Katz, L. G., & Chard, C. S. (2000). The project approach. In J. L. Roopnarine & J. E. Johnson</p><p>(Eds). Approaches to early childhood education. (pp. 177-190). Colombus OH: Merrill.</p><p></p><p>Katz, L. G. (2010). STEM in the early years. Diperolehi pada 18 Februari 2010 daripada</p><p>http://ecrp.uiuc.edu/beyond/seed/katz.htlm</p><p></p><p>Kelly, I. R., Phillips, M. A., Revels, M., & Ujamaa, D. (2010). Contribution of the school</p><p>environment to physical fitness in children and youth. Journal of Physical Activity and</p><p>Health, 7(3), 333-342.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2017). Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan.</p><p>Kuala Lumpur: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Khairuddin Abdullah. (2015). Analisis perbandingan efikasi pengajaran dalam kalangan</p><p>guru bahasa Melayu tahun satu. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 3(2), 3-14.</p><p></p><p>Kim, Y., & Baylor, A. L. (2006). A social-cognitive framework for pedagogical agents </p><p>as learning companions. Educational technology research and development, 54(6), 569-596.</p><p></p><p>Kimberly Maclin, M., & Solso, R. L. (2008). Experimental Psychology: A Case Approach</p><p>(8th Edition). Boston: Pearson Education Inc.</p><p></p><p>Kizilkaya, G., & Askar, P. (2008). The effect of an embedded pedagogical agent on the students </p><p>science achievement. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 5(4), 208-216.</p><p></p><p>Klingsted, J. L. (1973). Learning modules for competency-based education. New Jersey:</p><p>Educational Technnology Publication Engelwood Cliffs.</p><p></p><p>Koehler, M. S., & Prior, M. (1993). Classroom interactions: The heartbeat of the</p><p>teaching/learning process. In D. T. Owens (Eds.). Research ideas for the classroom:</p><p>Middle grades mathematics. (p.p 280-298). New York: Macmillan Publishing Company for NCTM.</p><p></p><p>Kok Mong Lin, Lim Siew Geck & Teng Siew Lian, (2014). Pergerakan Asas. Siri Pendidikan</p><p>Guru. Oxford Fajar Selangor</p><p></p><p>Knoors, H., & Hermans, D. (2010). Effective instruction for deaf and hard-of-hearing students:</p><p>Teaching strategies, school settings, and student characteristics. The Oxford handbook of deaf</p><p>studies, language, and education, 2, 57-71.</p><p></p><p>Krippendorff, K. (2008). Content analysis: An introduction tp its methodology (3rd</p><p>Edition). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.</p><p></p><p>Laban, R. (1960). The mastery of movement (2nd Edition). London: MacDonald & Evans.</p><p></p><p>Laban, R. (1975). The Mastery of Movement. Boston: Plays, Inc. Longsdon. B. and Barret. K.</p><p>Physical Education for Children.</p><p></p><p>Laban, R. (1980). Modern educational dance (1st Edition). Boston: Plays. Inc.</p><p></p><p>Laili Farhana Md Ibrahim & Maizatul Hayati, M. Y. (2013). Kreativiti dan</p><p>Kemahiran Kanak-kanak Dalam Mereka bentuk Permainan Digital Bagi Tujuan</p><p>Pembelajaran. Seminar Kebangsaan ICT Dalam Pendidikan, 1(Xxx), 1-8.</p><p></p><p>Laila Farhana Md Ibrahim. (2016). Elemen Kemahiran Abad ke-21 dan Indikator Kreativiti</p><p>kanak-kanak dalam proses reka bentuk penceritaan digital. Tesis Sarjana yang tidak</p><p>diterbitkan.Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Lancaster, P., & Broadbent, V. (2003). Listening To Young People. Maidenhead: Open</p><p>University Press.</p><p></p><p>Land, S. M., & Zemba-Saul, C. (2003). Scaffolding Reflection and Articulation of</p><p>Scientific Explanations in a Data Rich Project-Based Learning Environment: An Investigation of</p><p>Progress Portfolio, ETRD, 51(4),65-84</p><p></p><p>Lay-Dopyera, M., & Dopyera, J. (1993). Becoming a teacher of young children. New York: McGraw-Hill</p><p>College.</p><p></p><p>Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2010). Practical research: Planning and design (9th Edition). Upper</p><p>Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Leandro, C. R., Monteiro, E., & Melo, F. (2018). Interdisciplinary working practices: can creative</p><p>dance improve math? Research in Dance Education, 19(1), 74 90. doi:10.1080/14647893.2017.1354838</p><p></p><p>Levtzion-Korach, O., Tennenbaum, A., Schnitzer, R., & Ornoy, A. (2000). Early motor </p><p>development of blind children. Journal of paediatrics and child health, 36(3),</p><p>226-229.</p><p></p><p>Lilia Ellany, M., & Fatin Aliah Phang. (2013). Comparison Between Characteristics of Creativity in</p><p>Physics Practical Work and Physics Innovative Project Among Pre-service Physics Teacher. Jurnal</p><p>Teknologi.</p><p></p><p>Lilia Ellany, M. (2012). Ciri-ciri Kreativiti Bakal Guru Fizik Dalam Latihan Amali Fizik dan</p><p>Projek Inovasi Fizik. Skudai: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Lilia Ellany, M., Fatin Aliah, P., Seth, S., Johari S., Nor Hasniza, I., & Marlina. A. (2013).</p><p>Ciri-ciri Kreativiti Bakal Guru Fizik Semasa Menjalankan Dua aktiviti Pembelajaran Fizik Berasaskan</p><p>Amali. Isqae, 1-3</p><p></p><p>Lim, E. M. (2012). Patterns of kindergarten childrens social interaction with peers in the </p><p>computer area. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative </p><p>Learning, 7(3), 399-421. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-012-9152-1</p><p></p><p>Ling. P. K. (2010). Pelaksanaan Aktiviti Seni Kreatif dalam Pendidikan Prasekolah</p><p>Malaysia. EDUCATIONIST, 4(1).</p><p></p><p>Ling. P. K. (2014). Pembinaan dan Pelaksanaan Modul Aktviti Seni Kreatif (Dalam bidang seni</p><p>visual) untuk pendidikan Prasekolah. Tesis Phd yang tidak diterbitkan. Bangi. Universiti</p><p>Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Linoven, S., Saakslahti, A., & Nissisen, K. (2011). The development of fundamental motor skills</p><p>of four to five year-old preschool children and the effects of a preschool physical</p><p>education curriculum. Early Child Development and Care, 181(3), 335-343. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300443090</p><p>3387461</p><p></p><p>Linse, C. T. (2005). Practical English language teaching. Young learners. New York: Mcgraw-Hill</p><p></p><p>Lobo, Y. B., & Winsler, A. (2006). The effects of a creative dance and movement</p><p>program on the social competence of head start preschoolers. Social Development,</p><p>15(3), 501519. Diperolehi daripada http://doi.org/10.1111/j.</p><p>1467-9507.2006.00353 .x</p><p></p><p>Logan, W. S., & Getchell, N. (2010). The relationship between motor skill</p><p>proficiency and body mass index in children with and without dyslexia: A pilot study.</p><p>Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 81(4), 518-523.</p><p></p><p>Lohr, L. (1998). Using ADDIE to design a Web-Based Training Interface. In Society for Information</p><p>Technology and Teacher Education International Conference (pp. 452-455). Association for the</p><p>Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).</p><p></p><p>Lopez Garcia, R., Cepero Gonzalez, M., Suarez Llorca, C., Andreu Cabrera, E., & Rojas</p><p>Ruiz, F. J. (2011). Fitness test profiles in children aged 8-12 years old in Granada (Spain).</p><p>Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 6(1), 135-145.</p><p></p><p>Loy, C. L. (2011). Boneka Sebagai Alat Pedagogi Dalam Pengajaran Kanak-Kanak Prasekolah. Tesis </p><p>Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Loy, C. L., & Noor Aini Ahmad. (2012). Modul KAE3013: Ekspresi kreativiti kanak- kanak. Tanjong</p><p>Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Lu, J., Lajoie, S. P., & Wiseman, J. (2010). Scaffolding problem-based learning with CSCL</p><p>tools.Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 5(3), 283-298.</p><p></p><p>Lupu, E. (2011). The role of motric activities in the psycho-motric development of</p><p>preschool children-future pupils. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 12, </p><p>457-464. Diperolehi daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.1016</p><p>/j.sbspro.2011.02.056 .</p><p></p><p>MacNaughton, G. (2000). Rethinking Gender in Early Childhood Education. Alien & Unwin, Sydney.</p><p></p><p>Mahani Razali & Muhamad Fazli. (2013). Pergerakan kreatif kanak-kanak: Pergerakan</p><p>menyeronokkan dan kreatif. Negeri Sembilan: Rich Knowledge Consulting and Training.</p><p></p><p>Mahzan Arshad & Chee, S. C. (2017). Penilaian semula pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam pembacaan</p><p>awal. Jurnal Pendidikan Awal Kanak-kanak Kebangsaan, 6(2), 79-86. ISSN 2289-3032/elISSN</p><p>2500-178X. Diperolehi daripada https://ejournal.upsi.edu. my/journal/JPAK</p><p></p><p>Majid, F. A. (2010). Creativity and innovation in research: the perceptions of Malaysian</p><p>postgraduate students. Asian Journal of University Education, 6(1), 49-73.</p><p></p><p>Manduca, C. (2013). Classroom Observation Project: Student-Student Classroom Interaction. </p><p>Diperolehi daripada http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshop/ certop/imp_ss.html#example.</p><p></p><p>Margetts, K. (2005). The use and influence of outside-school-hours care in the first year of</p><p>school. Journal of Australian Research in Early Childhood Education, 12 (2), 73-86.</p><p></p><p>Margetts, K. (2005). Childrens Adjusment To The First Year of Schooling:</p><p>Indicators of Hyperactivity, Internalising And Externalising Behaviours. International</p><p>Journal of Transition in Childhood, 1, 36-44.</p><p></p><p>Marohaini Mohd Yusuf. (2013). Penyelidikan Kualitatif. Pengalaman Kerja Lapangan Kajian. Kuala</p><p>Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2010). Designing qualitative research (5th Edition).</p><p>Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.</p><p></p><p>Mary, C. B., & Catherine, J. S. (2012). Analyzing expressive qualities in movement and stillness:</p><p>effort-shape analyses of solo marimbists bodily expression ProQuest. Diperolehi </p><p>pada 24 November 2015 daripada http://search.proquest.com/do</p><p>cview/1010373966/fulltextPDF/40211E7D12E74B35PQ/1?accountid=13155</p><p></p><p>Mary Mayesky. (2012). Creative Activities for young children. Wadsworth Cengage Learning. USA.</p><p></p><p>Masri Baharom. (2013). Kesan Permainan Kecil terhadap perkembangan Motor Kasar </p><p>kanak-kanak Sekolah Rendah di Negeri Pulau Pinang. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak</p><p>diterbitkan. Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Masuda, M., Kato, S., & Itoh, H. (2010). A Laban-based approach to emotional motion</p><p>rendering for human-robot interaction. In H. S. Yang, R. Malaka, J. Hoshino, & J. H. Han</p><p>(Eds). Lecture Notes in Computer Science. (Vol. 6243).</p><p></p><p>Matson, J. L., Mahan, S., & LoVullo, S. V. (2009). Parent training: A review of</p><p>methods for children with developmental disabilities. International review of research in mental</p><p>retardation. Journal Of Early Child Development, 30(5), 961-968.</p><p></p><p>Maxwell, K. L., Bryant, D., Ridley, S., & Keyes-Elstein, L. (2001). North</p><p>Carolinas kindergartens and schools. Chapell Hill, NC: Frank Porter Graham Child Development</p><p>Center.</p><p></p><p>Maxwell, J. A. (2005). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (2nd Ed.).</p><p>Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Maxwell, J. (1996). Qualitataive research design: An interactive approach. Thousand Oaks: Sage</p><p>Publications.</p><p></p><p>Maxwell, K., & R. M. Clifford. (2004). Research in review: School readiness assessment.</p><p>Young Children. 59(1), 4246.</p><p></p><p>McConaughy, S. H., & Ritter, D. (2002). Best practices in multidimensional</p><p>assessment of emotional or behavioral disorders. In A. Thomas & J. Grimes (Eds.). Best practices</p><p>in school psychology. (4th Edition, pp. 13031336). Bethesda, MD: National Association of</p><p>School Psychologists.</p><p></p><p>McDevitt, T. M., Ormrod, J. E., & McDevitt, T. M. (2004). Child development: Educating</p><p>and working with children and adolescents. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill</p><p>Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>McKillip, J. (1987). Need analysis: Tools for the human service and education.</p><p>Applied Social Research Methods Series, 10.</p><p></p><p>Mclaughlin, E. M. (2011). Classroom And Children,s Ability to move On Childrens Social</p><p>Competence. Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan. The University of Alabama.</p><p></p><p>Mcleod, S. A. (2007). Simply Psychology: Vygotsky. Diperoleh daripada http://www.</p><p>simplypschology.org/vugotsky.htm</p><p></p><p>McMillan, J. H. (2008). Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer.</p><p>Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.</p><p></p><p>McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in Education: Evidence-Based Inquiry (7th</p><p>Edition). Boston, MA: Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Merriam, S. B. (2001). Qualitative research and case study applications in education: Revised and</p><p>expanded from case study research in education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative Research, A Guide To design And Implementation.</p><p>United Stated Of America: Jossey-Bass.</p><p></p><p>Mellou, E. (1994). Play Theories: A contemporary review. In the relationship between</p><p>dramatic play and creativity in young children. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan.</p><p>Bristol: Bristol University.</p><p></p><p>Mellou, E. (1995). Creativity: The imagination condition. Early Child Development and Care, 114(1),</p><p>97-106.</p><p></p><p>Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd Edition).</p><p>Thousand Oks: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Miller & Almon. (2009). Crisis in kindergarten: Summary and recommendations of why children need to</p><p>play in school. A report from Alliance.</p><p></p><p>Miller, R. (1979). Development from one to two years: Language acquisition. In</p><p>Nosh-Pitz, J. (Eds.). Basic Handbook Of Child Psychiatry New York: Basic Books. (pp.</p><p>127-144)</p><p></p><p>MacDonald, R. (2000). Children?s creative collaborations: The importance of</p><p>friendship when working together on a musical composition. Social Development,</p><p>9(3), 348-369.</p><p></p><p>Mitchell, S., & Rathkey, C. (2009). The negotiated project approach: Project-based</p><p>learning without leaving the standards behind. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(4),</p><p>39-346.</p><p></p><p>Mohamad Afifi Baharuddin. (2017). Pembangunan Dan Pengujian Modul Kaedah Pengajaran </p><p>Berasaskan Adventure Terhadap Pencapaian Statistik Asas, Kemahiran Berfikir Kritis</p><p>Dan Kemahiran Kepimpinan. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Tanjong Malim: Universiti</p><p>Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Mohamed Ayob Sukani. (2013). Inovasi pendidikan di prasekolah; Isu, cabaran, amalan. </p><p>International Conference on Early Childhood Education (iCON 2013). 9-11 September</p><p>2013. Besut: IPdeG Kampus Tuanku Suktan Mizan.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Majid Konting. (1993). Kaedah Penyelidikan (Edisi Kedua). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa</p><p>dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Majid Konting. (1998). Kaedah penyelidikan pendidikan (Edisi Keempat).</p><p>Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Nazri Abd Rahman & Wan Nurul Baizura Wan Mohd Noor. (2018). Pelaksanaan</p><p>Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan Semakan 2017: Retrospeksi guru. JuPiDi: Jurnal</p><p>Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 5(3), 59-71.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Zuri Ghani, Aznan Che Ahamad & Nurul Husna Mat Husin. (2008). Sikap Rakan Sebaya</p><p>dalam kalangan pelajar pintar cerdas. Diperoleh daripada internet</p><p>http://www.medc.com.my/medc/journals/valume7</p><p></p><p>Molenaar, I., Van Boxtel, C. A. M., & Sleegers, P. J. C. (2011). Metacognitive</p><p>scaffolding in an innovative learning arrangement. Instructional Science, 39(6), 785803.</p><p>http://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-010-9154-1</p><p></p><p>Montessori, M. (1963). Education for new world. Aydar, Madras, India: Kalakshetra. Montessori, M.</p><p>(1964). The Montessori method. Weaton, Ill.: Theosophical Press.</p><p>Montessori, M. (1948). The Discovery of the Child. Madras: Kalkshetra Publications Press.</p><p></p><p>Moomaw, S. (2005). Math and science go outside. Dimensions of Early Childhood, 33(3), 27-32.</p><p></p><p>Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., & Kemp, J. E. (2011). Designing Effective Instruction.</p><p>United States of America: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Morrow, L. M. (2007). Developing literacy in preschool. New York: The Guilford Press.</p><p></p><p>Moshman, D., Glover, L. A., & Bruning R. H. (1987). Developmental psychology: A topical approach.</p><p>Boston: Little, Brown.</p><p></p><p>Moyles, J. (2014). The excellence of play. McGraw-Hill Education: United Kingdom.</p><p></p><p>Muhamad Fazli Taib Bin Serani. (2010). Pemantapan jati diri pelajar sekolah menengah</p><p>melalui pendidikan pergerakan kreatif. Tesis Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan. Tanjong Malim:</p><p>Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Sabri Sahrir, Nor Aziah Alias, Zawawi Ismail & Nurulhuda Osman (2012). </p><p>Employing design and development research (DDR) approaches in the design and</p><p>development of online Arabicvocabulary learning games prototype. Turkish Online Journal of</p><p>Educational Technology, 11(2), 108 119.</p><p></p><p>Mukherji, P., & Albon, D. (2010). Research Method In Early Childhood. And Introductory</p><p>Guide. London: Sage.</p><p></p><p>National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). (2002).</p><p>Diperolehi daripada <www.naeyc.org</p><p></p><p>Naimah Yusof, Nor Hashimah Hashim & Hashim Othman. (2014). Kemahiran baca awal bahasa Melayu</p><p>Prasekolah. Pulau Pinang: Universiti Sains Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Najeemah Mohd Yusof. (2005). Multicultural education practice among teachers in national</p><p>secondary schools: A case study in Kedah. Journal of Educators and Education, 20, 97111.</p><p></p><p>Najeemah Mohd Yusof. (2006). Patterns of social interaction between different ethnic groups in</p><p>Malaysian secondary schools. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 21, 149-164</p><p></p><p>Najeemah Mohd Yusof. (2009). Prasekolah dan Komuniti. Rancangan Mengajar Untuk Guru</p><p>Prasekolah. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Profesional Publishing Sdn.Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Nakata, T., Mori, T., & Sato, T. (2001). Quantitative Analysis of Impression of Robot Bodily</p><p>Expression based on Laban Movement Theory. Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan, 19(2),</p><p>252259. Diperolehi daripada http://doi.org/10.7210</p><p>/jrsj.19.252</p><p></p><p>Natsiopoulou, T., Vidali-Laloumi, E., Zachopoulou, E., Trevlas, E., & Research Group of</p><p>Archimedes Project. (2010). An innovative preschool health education program. Health</p><p>Science Journal, 4(2), 110-115.</p><p></p><p>Neuman, S. B. (2009). Changing the odds for children at risk: Seven essential</p><p>principles of educational programs that break the cycle of poverty. New York: Teachers College</p><p>Press.</p><p></p><p>Neuman, S. B., & Cunningham, L. (2009). The impact of professional development and coaching on</p><p>early language and literacy practices. American Educational Research Journal, 46(2), 532566.</p><p></p><p>Nik Mohd Rahimi Nik Yusof, Nurulhuda Hasan & Mahat Afizi. (2012). Pengetahuan pedagogi isi</p><p>kandungan (PPIK) pengajaran Bahasa Arab. Kertas Prosiding. Persidangan Kebangsaan Pengajaran</p><p>dan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab 2012 (PKEBAR12). Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi. ISBN</p><p>978-967-5478- 49-9. Diperolehi daripada http://www.ukm.my/uba/sebar 2012/prosiding.htm.</p><p></p><p>Nolan, A., Macfarlance, K., & Cartmel, J. (2013). Research in early childhood.</p><p>London: Sage Publications Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Noor Aini Ahmad & Nur Liyana Abd Latif. (2015). Belajar kemahiran mengenal huruf</p><p>menggunakan aktiviti membentuk doh. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 1(5), 71-80.</p><p></p><p>Noor Azmira Binti Mohamed. (2015). Pemahaman Makna Tersirat Dalam Interaksi Kanak-kanak</p><p>Prasekolah. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Noor Miza Abd Rahman. (2015). Pembinaan modul berasaskan pendekatan projek untuk</p><p>meningkatkan kemahiran komunikasi murid tadika. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan.</p><p>Pulau Pinang: Universiti Sains Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Noor Miza Abd Rahman, Fadzilah Amzah & Anna Christina Abdullah. (2012). Pelaksanaan</p><p>pendekatan berasaskan projek dapat mengalakkan kemahiran berkomunikasi murid prasekolah: </p><p>Satu tinjauan. Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum. Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. Seminar</p><p>Kreativiti dan Inovasi (SKIK). Port Dickson. Negeri Sembilan. Dibentangkan pada 2 Oktober 2012.</p><p></p><p></p><p>Noorani Ahmad, Nor Rahmah Abd Hamid, Nor Shamsidah Amir Hamzah. (2008). </p><p>Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (Pbm) Dalam </p><p>Subjek Matematik Kejuruteraan 1 Untuk Sampel Sarjana Muda Fakulti Kejuruteraan </p><p>Awam Dan Alam Sekitar Di Uthm. Seminar Kebangsaan Matematik & Masyarakat, 1, 199-210.</p><p></p><p>Noorjahan Sultan. (2013). Lets rhytme module. International Conference on Early Childhood</p><p>Education (iCON 2013). 9-11 September 2013. Besut: IPG Kmpus Tuanku Sultan Mizan</p><p></p><p>Nor Aishah Buang. (2009). Pembangunan Modul Pengajaran. Nota Bengkel Pembangunan </p><p>Modul Anjuran Diswazah Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Bangi. 8 Ogos</p><p>2009.</p><p></p><p>Nor Hazwani Amalina Hamid, Madhya Zhagan Ganesan, & Dorothy DeWitt. (2019). Penggunaan Teknologi</p><p>Maklmumat dan Komunikasi. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, </p><p>7(3), 1-10. Diperolehi daripada</p><p><https://juku.um.edu.my/ article/view/19290>.</p><p></p><p>Nor Hidayah Sabarudin & Halijah Ibrahim. (2007). Prestasi kemahiran motor kanak- kanak berumur</p><p>lima tahun menggunakan Instrument Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). Penerbit</p><p>UTM: Univision Press.</p><p></p><p>Nor Raudah Hj Siren. (2010). Pendekatan Dakwah Dalam Proses Pengajaran di Prasekolah</p><p>Islam. Konvesyen Pendidikan Prasekolah Selangor.</p><p></p><p>Noraini Idris. (2010). Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: MCGraw Hill</p><p></p><p>Norazah Mohd Nordin. (2010). Reka bentuk instruksi. Dalam Mohamed Amin Embi (pynt). Panduan</p><p>amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran: Teori dan praktis: Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Norazizah Abdul Rahman. (2018). Pelaksanaan pendidikan alam sekitar dalam kalangan </p><p>kanak-kanak prasekolah menerusi pendekatan projek. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak </p><p>diterbitkan. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. Tanjong Malim: Perak.</p><p></p><p>Nordin Mamat. (2006). Pola interaksi dan perkembangan sosioemosi di kalangan kanak-kanak</p><p>prasekolah (etnik Cina dan Tamil) Hulu Selangor. Laporan penyelidikan UPSI.</p><p></p><p>Nordin Mamat. (2005). Asas Sosial Kanak-Kanak. Kuala Lumpur: Pustaka Salam Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Norling, M. (2013). Preschool staffs view of emergent literacy approaches in Swedish Preschool.</p><p>Early Child Development and Care, 184(4), 571-588.</p><p></p><p>Norsita Ali & Zainal Madon. (2014). Tinjauan Awal Interaksi Guru - Kanak-Kanak Dalam Pemupukan</p><p>Pemikiran Kreatif Kanak-Kanak Prasekolah. Proceeding of the Social Sciences Research,</p><p>2014(June), 735746. Kota Kinabalu: Sabah.</p><p></p><p>Nur Nadirah Zukefllli & Vijayaletchumy Subramaniam. (2018). Paralinguistik dalam pemerolehan </p><p>bahasa kanak-kanak. International Journal of Language Educatioan Applied Linguistics</p><p>(IJEAL), 08(1), 1-13. ISSN: 2289-9294.</p><p></p><p>Nursuhaili Baharuddin. (2010). Hubungan Antara Komunikasi Sosial dengan Tingkah Laku Sosial dalam</p><p>kalangan Kanak-kanak Prasekolah di Tabika Kemas. Tesis sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan. Beaufort:</p><p>Universiti Malaysia Sabah.</p><p></p><p>Nurul Wahida Azid. (2011). Pembinaan dan modul aktiviti pengayaan berdasarkan kepelbagaian</p><p>kecerdasan dan kemahiran berfikir dalam kalangan pelajar Maktab Rendah Sains Mara. Tesis</p><p>Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Pulau Pinang. Universiti Sains Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Obeng, C. S. (2010). Physical Activity Lessons in Preschools. Journal of Research in Childhood</p><p>Education, 24(1), 50-59.</p><p></p><p>Okley, A. D., & Booth, M. L. (2004). Mastery of fundamental movement skills among</p><p>children in New South Wales, Australia: Prevalence dan socio demographic distribution.</p><p>Journal Science and Medicine in Sport, 7(3), 358- 72.</p><p>Ormrod, J. E. (2008). Human Learning. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Othman Lebar.</p><p>(2014). Penyelidikan Kualitatif: Pengenalan kepada Teori dan</p><p>Metode. Tanjong Malim: Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Othman Talib. (2013). ATLAS.ti: Pengenalan Analisis Data Kualitatif. Selangor: MPWS Rich</p><p>Resources.</p><p></p><p>Pamela, J. S. (2003). Numeracy and environmental of kindergarten children in Singapore.</p><p>ASCD (Singapore) Review, 11(3), 11-15.</p><p></p><p>Pamela, M. (2009). Creative Development in the Early Years Foundation Stage. New York: Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Pangrazi, R. (2007). Dynamical physical education for elementary children (15th Edition).</p><p>New York: Pearson-Benjamin Cummings.</p><p></p><p>Pangrazi, R. P. (1992). Physical Education for Elementary School Children. New York:</p><p>Macmillan Publishing Company.</p><p></p><p>Parke, B. N. (2003). Discovering programs for talent development. United States: Corwin</p><p>Press.Inc.</p><p></p><p>Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative evaluation methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage</p><p>Publications.</p><p></p><p>Payne, G., & Rink, J. (1997). Physical education in developmentally appropriate</p><p>intergrated curriculum. In Hart, C., Burts, D., & Charlesworth, R. (Eds.). (1997).</p><p>Integrated curriculum and developmentally appropriate practice: Birth to age eight. Suny</p><p>Press.</p><p></p><p>Payne, V .P., & Isaacs, L. D. (2007) . Human motor development: A life spen approach</p><p>(7th Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Pellegrini, A. D., Dupuis D., & Smith, P. K. (1996). Play in evolution and</p><p>development. ScienceDirect Developmental Review 27(2007), 261- 272.</p><p></p><p>Pellegrini, Anthony D., & Bjorklund, David F. (1996). The role of recess in children's cognitive</p><p>performance. Educational Psychologist, 32(1), 181-187.</p><p></p><p>Piek, J. P., Maclaren, S., Kane, R., Jensen, L., Dender, A., Roberts, C., Straker, L.</p><p>(2012). Does the animal fun program improve motor performance in children aged 4-6 years? Human</p><p>movement science, 32(5), 1086-1096.</p><p></p><p>Piek, J. P., Baynam, G. B., & Barrett, N. C. (2006). The relationship between fine and gross motor</p><p>ability, self-perception and self-worth in children and adolescents. Journal of Human Movement and</p><p>Science, 25(1), 65-75.</p><p></p><p>Piek, J. P., Dawson, L., Smith, L. M., & Gasson, N. (2008). The role of early fine and grossmotor </p><p>development on later motir and cognitive ability. Human Movement Science, 2(5),</p><p>668-681.</p><p></p><p>Piskurich, M. G. (2006). Rapid Instructional Design; Learning ID Fast and Right</p><p>(2nd Edition). United States of America: John Wiley & Son, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Pollatou, E., Karadimou, K., & Gerodimos, V. (2005). Gender differences in musical aptitude,</p><p>rhythmic ability and motor performance in preschool children. Early Child Development and </p><p>Care, 175(4), 361-369. Diperolehi daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300</p><p>443042000270786</p><p></p><p>Poulssen, A. A., Ziviani , J. M., & Cuskelly, M. (2006). General self-concept and life satisfaction</p><p>for boys with differing levels of physical coordinations: the role goal orientation and leisure</p><p>participation. Human Movement Science, 25(6), 839-860.</p><p></p><p>Posse, R., & Melgosa, J. (2001). For raising your child. Madrid: Editorial Safeliz.</p><p></p><p>Prechti, H. F., Cioni, G., Einspieler, C., Bos, A. F., & Ferrari, F. (2002). Role</p><p>of vision on early motor development: Lessons from the blind. Developmental Medicine and</p><p>Child Neurology, 43(3), 198-201.</p><p></p><p>Puckett, M. B., & Black, J. (1993). Authentic assessment of the young child:</p><p>Celebrating development and learning. New York: Macmillan.</p><p></p><p>Quek, M. L. (2006). Hubungan Antara Sikap, Minat, Pengajaran Guru dan Pengaruh Rakan sebaya dengan</p><p>Pencapaian Matematik di Kalangan pelajar Tingkatan Empat di Daerah Batu Pahar, Johor. Tesis</p><p>kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Johor: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Rafiza Abdul Kadir. (2013). Pembinaan Media pengajaran Berasaskan multimedia di kalangan guru</p><p>ICTL. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 1(2), 20-31.</p><p></p><p>Ramlah Hamzah. (1993). Persepsi dan Masalah Guru Terhadap Mata Pelajaran Kemahiran </p><p>Hidup. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru, Bahagian Pendidikan Guru (KPM), 9, 50-71.</p><p></p><p>Ramlah Jantan & Mahani Razali. (2004). Psikologi Pendidikan, Pendekatan</p><p>Kontemporari. Kuala Lumpur: MC Graw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Ramlah Jantan & Mahani Razali. (2002). Psikologi Pendidikan: Pendekatan</p><p>Kontemporori. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Ramlan Mustapha. (2018). Reka bentuk Model Integriti Akademik Berasaskan</p><p>Penghayatan Rohani. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Rashidah Elias, Mahizer Hamzah, & Mahani Razali. (2017). Kesesuaian</p><p>Pembangunan Kitab Cerdas Untuk Kemahiran Bacaan Awal Kanak-Kanak Taska. Jurnal Pendidikan</p><p>Awal Kanak-kanak Kebangsaan, 6(2), 31-47.</p><p></p><p>Rebecca, C. H .P. (2010). Designing movement activities to develop childrens creativity</p><p>in early childhood education. Early Child Development and Care, 180(3), 377-385. Diperolehi</p><p>daripada http://doi.org/10.1080/0300443080193</p><p>1196</p><p></p><p>Rebecca, R. B. (2011). Movement, Art, and Child Development Through the Lens of an Innovative Use</p><p>of the Kestenberg Movement Profile. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 33(2), 111-130.</p><p>Reinbold, S. (2013). Using the ADDIE model in designing library instruction.</p><p>Medical Reference Services Quarterly, 32(3), 244 256.</p><p></p><p>Richey, R. C., Klein, J. D., & Tracey, M. W. (2011). The Instructional Design</p><p>Knowledge Base: Theory, Research And Practice. New York: Taylor and Francis.</p><p></p><p>Richie, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2007). Design and Development Research. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbumm</p><p>Associates, inc.</p><p></p><p>Robson, Colin. (2011). Real word research A resource management (9th Edition).</p><p>United States of America: South-Western College Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Roe, A. (1952). The making of a scientist. Dodd Mead, New York</p><p></p><p>Rohani Abdullah, Nani Menon & Mohd. Sharani Ahmad. (2007). Panduan Kurikulum Prasekolah. Selangor:</p><p>PTS Professional Publishing Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Rohaty Mohd Majzub. (2003). Pendidikan prasekolah: Cabaran kualiti. Bangi: Penerbit</p><p>Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Rohaty Nohd Majzub & Abu Bakar Nordin. (1989). Pendidikan Prasekolah. Kuala Lumpur.</p><p>Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Rollins Burchz. (2007). A study examining the impact of scaffolding acquisition of young</p><p> children's literacy in primary grades. Dissertation submitted to Louisianna State</p><p>University, Department of Educaitonal Theory, Policy, and Practice.</p><p></p><p>Roopnarine, J. L., & Davidson, K. L. (2015). Parent-child play across cultures:</p><p>Advancing play research. American Journal of Play, 7(2), 228252.</p><p></p><p>Roopnarine, J. L., & Johnson, J. E. (2005). Approach to early childhood education.</p><p>New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Rosmah Abd. Ghani & Mariani Md Nor. (2013). Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah</p><p>Kebangsaan Oleh Guru Prasekolah: Data Pliminery. International Conference On Early Childhood</p><p>Education.</p><p></p><p>Rozinah Jamaludin. (2007). Internet Dalam Pendidikan. Pulau Pinang: Universiti Sains</p><p>Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Russel, J. D. (1974). Modular instruction: A guide to the design, selection, utilization and</p><p>evaluation of modular materials. New York: Publishing Company.</p><p></p><p>Saedah Siraj, Norlidah Alias, Dorothy DeWitt & Zaharah Hussin. (2013). Design and developmental</p><p>research: Emergent trends in educational research. Kuala Lumpur: Pearson Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Saemah Rahman, Ruhizan Mohd Yasin & Siti Fatimah Mohd Yassin. (2010). The implementation</p><p>of project-based approach at preschool education program. Kongres Pengajaran dan </p><p>Pembelajaran Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 18,</p><p>476-480.</p><p></p><p>Sahrir, M. S., Alias, N. A., Ismail, Z., & Osman, N. (2012). Employing design and development</p><p>research (DDR) approaches in the design and development of onlineArabic vocabulary learning</p><p>games prototype. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 11(2), 108119.</p><p></p><p>Salmah Ayob. (1994). Pergerakan kreatif dan pendidikan. Petaling Jaya: Flo</p><p>Enterprise Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Samadani, A. A., Burton, S., Gorbet, R., & Kulic, D. (2013). Laban effort and shape analysis of</p><p>affective hand and arm movements. Proceedings - 2013 Humaine Association Conference on Affective</p><p>Computing and Intelligent Interaction, ACII 2013, (pp. 343348). Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://doi.org/10.1109/ACII. 2013.63</p><p></p><p>Santrock, J. W. (2011). Child development. New York: McGraw-Hill International Edition.</p><p></p><p>Saturia Aminuddin. (2014). Penilaian kesediaan ke sekolah kanak-kanak dan</p><p>pengaruhnya terhadap penyesuaian di Sekolah. Seminar Kebangsaan Integriti Keluarga. Sabah:</p><p>Universiti Malaysia Sabah.</p><p></p><p>Satzinger, W, J., Jackson, B. R., & Burd, D. S. (2005). Object Oriented Analysis and Design</p><p>with the Unified Process. Thomson. Course Technology.</p><p></p><p>Scardamalia, M., & Bereiter, C. (1993). Technologies for knowledge building- discourse.</p><p>Communications of the ACM, 36(5), 3741.</p><p></p><p>Schirrmacher, R. (2002). Art and creative development for young children. Albany, NY: Delmar</p><p>Thomson Learning.</p><p></p><p>Schwartz, L. S., & Copeland, S. M. (2010). Connecting emergence curriculum and standard</p><p>in early childhood classroom. New York: Teaches College Press.</p><p></p><p>Selby, E. C., Shaw, E. J., & Houtz, J. C. (2005). The creative personality. Gifted Child Quartely,</p><p>49(4), 300-314.</p><p></p><p>Serap Sevimli-Celik, & E. Johnson, J. (2013). -I Need to Move and So Do the</p><p>Children.? International Education Studies, 6(5), 111. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://doi.org/10.5539 /ies.v6n5p</p><p></p><p>Sewell, K. (1998). Breakthroughs: How to reach students with autism. A hands- on, how-to manual for</p><p>teachers and parents. WI: Attainment Company, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Shahlan Surat. (2012). Keberkesanan strategi pengajaran dan pembelajaran 4-meta dalam penulisan </p><p>karangan bahasa Melayu pelajar Tingkatan 4. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan.</p><p>Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Shahrom Noordin. (1995). Penghasilan dan penilaian keberkesanan modul</p><p>pengajaran kendiri fizik di kalangan dan jantina pada tingkatan empat. Tesis Kedoktoran yang</p><p>tidak diterbitkan. Skudai: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p></p><p>Shahrom Noordin. (1995). Pengajaran individu menggunakan modul pengajaran kendiri di sekolah</p><p>menengah. Seminar Nasional ke-5 Pengurusan Pendidikan. Institut Aminuddin Baki, 20-22 Nov.</p><p></p><p>Shambaugh, N., & Magliaro, S. G. (2006). Instructional Design: A Systematic Approach </p><p>for Reflective Practice. United States of Amereica: Pearson Education Inc.</p><p></p><p>Sharifah Alwiyah Alsagoff. (1988). Psikologi Pendidikan II. Kuala Lumpur: Longman</p><p>Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Sharifah Alwiyah Alsagoff. (1988). Sosiologi Pendidikan dalam Perspektif</p><p>Pendidikan Negara. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Sharifah Nur Puteh & Romarzila Omar (2013). Perkembangan Kanak-kanak secara dan</p><p>komprehensif melalui pembelajaran berasaskan projek. Dalam Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan</p><p>Peringkat Kebangsaan (m.s. 75-79). Pulau Pinang: Institut Pendidikan Kampus Darul Aman.</p><p></p><p>Shulman, L. S. (2007). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform.</p><p>Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1-22.</p><p></p><p>Shumway-Cook, A., & McCollum, G. (1991). Assessment and treatment of balance deficits. In </p><p>Montgomery PC, Connolly BH, (Eds.). Motor Control and Physical Therapy: Theoretical</p><p>Framework and Practical Applications. (pp. 123-137). Hixson, Tenn: Chattanooga Group Inc.</p><p></p><p>Souto-Manning, M. & Dice, J. (2007). Reflective teaching in the early years: A case for mentoring</p><p>diverse educators. Early Childhood Education Journal, 34(6), 425-430.</p><p></p><p>Sidek Mohd Noah & Jamaluddin Ahmad. (2005). Pembinaan modul bagaimana membina modul</p><p>latihan dan modul akademik. Serdang: Universiti Putera Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Sila. A., & Lenard, M. V. (2020). The use of creative movement mrthod in teaching foreign</p><p>languages to very young language learners. European Journal of Social Science Education and</p><p>Research, 7(1), 15-27.</p><p></p><p>Silverman, D. (2005). Doing Qualitative Research (2nd Edition). London: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Simpson, R. L. (1995). Children and youth with autismin an age of reform: A</p><p>perspective on current issues. Behavioral Disorders, 21(1), 7-20.</p><p></p><p>Siti Hidayana Nassiri. (2012). Kajian kes terhadap amalan pengetahuan teknologi pedagogi</p><p>dan kandungan guru fizik Johor Bahru. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Skudai: Unversiti</p><p>Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Siti Noor Fauziah Abd Rahim & Nor Azian Md Noor. (2011). Towards Enhancing Children</p><p>Cognitive Development: Learning Through Social Interactions. In International Conference </p><p>on Early Childhood and Special Education (ICECSE). Pulau Pinang</p><p></p><p>Skinnner, R. A., & Piek, J. P (2001). Psychosocial implication of poor motor</p><p>coordination in children and adolescents. Human Movement Science, 20, 73- 94.</p><p>Smagorinsky, P. (1995). The social construction of data: Methodological problems of investigating</p><p>learning in the zone of proximal development. Review of Educational Research, 65, 191-212.</p><p></p><p>Smaldino, S. E., Russel, J. D., Heinich, R., & Molenda, M. (2005). Instructional</p><p>Technology and Media for Learning (5th Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall</p><p></p><p>Smaldino, S. E., Lowther, D. L., & Rusell, J. D. (2012). Instructional technology and media for</p><p>learning. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Smidt, S. (2010). Playing to learn. The role of play in early years. New York:</p><p>Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Smith, D. D., & Neale, D. C. (2003). The construction of subject matter knowledge ini Primary</p><p>Science Teaching & Teacher Education, 5(1), 1-20.</p><p></p><p>Smith, L. P., & Ragan, J. T. (2005). Instructional Design (3rd Edition). United States of America:</p><p>John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Stage, S. A., & Quiroz, D. R. (1997). A meta-analysis of interventions to decrease</p><p>disruptive classroom behavior public education settings. School Psychology Review, 26(3),</p><p>333-368.</p><p></p><p>Standing, E. M. (1957). Maria Montessori: Her Life and Work. New York: Plume.</p><p>ISBN 0-452-26090-6.</p><p></p><p>Starko, A. J. (2001). Creativity in classroom: Schools of curious delight (2nd Edition).</p><p>London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Steffe & T. Wood (Eds.). (2013). Transforming children's mathematics education:</p><p>International perspectives. (pp. 389-398). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.</p><p></p><p>Steffe, L. P. (1990). On the knowledge of mathematics teachers.In R.B. Davis, C.A. Maher & N.</p><p>Noddings (Eds.), Contsructivist views on The teaching and learning of mathematics. (pp.</p><p>167-186). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Stein, M. I. (2014). Stimulating creativity: Individual procedures. Academic Press.</p><p></p><p>Stephen, K. B. (2009). The Effects of the preschoolerss moving learning program on the achievement</p><p>of fine and gross motor skills and kindergarten readniness. A Thesis for the PhD. The University of</p><p>Mississippi.</p><p></p><p>Stork, S., & Sanders, S. W. (2008). Physical education in early education. The</p><p>Elementary School Journal, 108, 197-206.</p><p></p><p>Subadrah Madhawa Nair, Najeemah Mohd yusof & Logeswary Arumugam. (2014). The effects of using</p><p>the play method to enhance the mastery of voculabary among preschool children. Journal</p><p>of School and Behavioral Science, 116, 3967-3982.</p><p></p><p>Suppiah Nachiappan, Kamarulzaman, Abd. Aziz Abdul Shukor, Ramlah Jantan, Roslinda </p><p>Mustapha & Hazaliza Hamzah. (2009). Pembelajaran dan perkembangan pelajar. Shah</p><p>Alam: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Suppiah Nachiappan, Ramlah Jantan & Abdul Aziz Abdul Shukor. (2008). Psikologi Pendidikan.</p><p>Selangor: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Swaminathan, D., Thornburg, H., Mumford, J., Rajko, S., James, J., Ingalls, T .& Peng,</p><p>B. (2009). A Dynamic Bayesian Approach to Computational Laban Shape Quality Analysis.</p><p> Advances in Human-Computer Interaction. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://doi.org/10.1155/2009/362651</p><p></p><p>Syarifah Alawiyah Al-Sagoff. (1981). Pengenalan pengajaran individu dengan tumpuan</p><p>khas kepada modul pengajaran dan modul pembelajaran. Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan 3(1),</p><p>54-62.</p><p></p><p>Syed Kamaruddin Syed Ali. (2014). Pupils Psychological and Sosiological Constrains in the</p><p>implementation of Physical Education Teaching. Journal of Emerging Trend in Educational Research</p><p>and Policy (JETERAPS), 512, 258-265.</p><p></p><p>Tan, H. A., & Tan, T. L. (2019). Penggunaan kaedah pengajaran -Total physical response?</p><p>da93lam pembelajaran kosa kata bahasa Mandarin. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 1(3), 65-73.</p><p>e-ISSN: 2682-826X /</p><p></p><p>Taylor, S., & Bogdan, R. (1984). Introduction to qualitative research methods. New York: Wiley.</p><p></p><p>Tee, T. Z. (2013). Pengintegrasian Kemahiran Berfikir Dan Peta Minda Buzan Bagi Penguasaan</p><p>Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi. Tesis Kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Batu Pahat:</p><p>Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Tegano, D. W. (1990). Relationship of tolerance of ambiguity and playfulness</p><p>tocreativity. Psychological Reports, 66(3), 1047-1056.</p><p></p><p>Tengku Zawawi, T. Z. (2005). Pedagogical content knowledge of fraction among primary</p><p>school mathematics teacher. Tesis kedoktoran yang yidak diterbitkan. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan</p><p>Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Tessmer, M. (1993). Planning and conducting, formative evolution: Improving the quality of</p><p>education and training. London: Kogan Page Limited.</p><p></p><p>The Institute for Human Services for The Ohio Child Wekfare Training Program (2007).</p><p>Milestone Chart. Volume III, Child Welfare League of America Press.</p><p></p><p>Thelen, E., & Smith, L. B. (1994). A dynamic system approach to the development of cognition and</p><p>action. Cambridge, M. A: MIT Press.</p><p></p><p>Thom, L. (2010). From simple line to expressive movement : The use of creative</p><p>movement to enhance socio-emotional develepoment in the preschool curriculum.</p><p>American Journal of Dance Therapy, 32(2), 100-112.</p><p></p><p>Thomaidis, S. L., Aderoglou, E. M., Stefou, M., Damianou, S., & Bakoula, C.,</p><p>(2000). Does early intervention work? A controlled trail. Journal of Infant And Young Children,</p><p>12(3), 17-22.</p><p></p><p>Timmons, B. W., Naylor, P. J., & Pfeiffer, K. A. (2007). Physical Activity for</p><p>Preschool ChildrenHow Much and How? Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 32(S2E),</p><p>S122-S134.</p><p></p><p>Tjavanga, H., & Jotia, A. L. (2012). School bullies and education in Botswana: Impact</p><p>on other students and academic performance. Academic Research International, 2(1), 641.</p><p>Issn-L: 2223-9553, Issn: 2223-9944.</p><p></p><p>Torrance, E. P. (1974). Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking norms and technical manual.</p><p>Bensenville, IL: Scholastic Testing Services.</p><p></p><p>Tremarch, Robinson, & Graham. (2007). Physical education and its effect on</p><p>elementary testing results. Physical Educator, 64(2), 58-65.</p><p></p><p>Tremarche, P. V., Robinson, E. M., & Graham, L. B. (2007). Physical education and its effect on</p><p>elementary testing results. Physical Educator, 64(2), 58.</p><p></p><p>Trochim, W. M. K., & Donnelly, J. P. (2006). The Research Methods Knowledge Base. Atomic</p><p>Dog.T</p><p></p><p>Tschannen-Moran, M., Hoy, A. W., & Hoy, W. K. (2015). Teacher efficacy: Its meaning and</p><p>measure. Review of Educational Research, 68(2), 202248</p><p></p><p>Tanner, J. M., Whitehouse, R. H., Cameron, N., Marshall, W. A., Healy, M. J. R., & Goldstein, H.</p><p>(2001). Assessment of skeletal maturity and prediction of adult height (TW2 method) (pp. 1-110).</p><p>London: Saunders.</p><p></p><p>Ulrich, B. & Ulrich, D. (1985). The Role of Balancing Ability in Performance of</p><p>Fundamental Motor Skills in 3-, 4-, and 5- Year Old Children. In Clark, S. E., & Humphrey, </p><p>J. H. (Eds). Current Selected Research in Motor Development, (pp. 87-97). Princeton,</p><p>New Jersey: Princeton Book Company.</p><p></p><p></p><p>Ulrich, B. D., & Ulrich, D. A. (1993). Dynamic systems approach to understanding motor delay in</p><p>infants with down syndrome. In Advances in psychology (Vol. 97, pp. 445-459). North-Holland.</p><p></p><p>Ulrich, D. A. (1985). Test of Gross Motor Development. Austin, TX: Pro-ed</p><p>Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Ummu Nasibah Nasohah, Muhamad Izuan Abd Ganu, & Nazipah Mat Shaid. (2015). Model ADDIE dalam</p><p>Proses Reka Bentuk Modul Pengajaran: Bahasa Arab Tujuan Khas di Universiti Sains </p><p>Islam Malaysia sebagai Contoh. In Proceedings of the International Seminar on Language</p><p>Teaching ISeLT 2015 (pp. 4-5). Bangi.</p><p></p><p>Vale, S., Santos, R., Soares-Miranda, L., Silva, P., & Mota, J. (2011). The importance of physical</p><p>education classes in pre-school children. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 47(1-2),</p><p>48-53. Diperolehi daripada http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ j.1440-1754.2010 .01890.x</p><p></p><p>Van den Akker, J. (2007). Curriculum design research. - An introduction to</p><p>educational design research. In the proceedings of the seminar conducted at the East China Normal</p><p>University, Shanghai (PR China), November 23-26, 2007, (pp. 37-52).</p><p></p><p>Van den Akker, J. (1999). Principles and methods of development research. In Design approaches and</p><p>tools in education and training (pp. 1-14). Springer, Dordrecht.</p><p></p><p>Van Der Stuyf, R. R. (2002). Scaffolding as a teaching strategy. Adolescent learning and</p><p>development, 52(3), 5-18.</p><p></p><p>Van Maanen, J. (1983). Qualitative Methodology. London: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Van Teijlingen, E., & Hundley, V. (2002). The Importance Of Pilot Studies. Nursing Standard,</p><p>16(40), 3336. Diperolehi daripada http://doi.org/102777/96175</p><p></p><p>Venetsanou, F., & Kambas, A. (2011). The effects of age and gender on balance skills in preschool</p><p>children. Physical Education and Sport, 9(1), 81-90.</p><p></p><p>Venetsanou, F., Kambas, A., Aggeloussis, N., Serbezis, V., & Taxildaris, K. (2007). Use of the</p><p>Bruininks-Osetetsky Test of Motor Proficiency for identifying children with motor impairment.</p><p>Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 49(11), 846-848.</p><p></p><p>Venetsanou, F. (2007). A study on the motor development of preschool aged children in Peloponnesus</p><p>territory, Greece. Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan. Greece: Democritus University.</p><p></p><p>Venetsanou, F., & Kambas, A. (2004). How can a traditional Greek dances</p><p>programme affect the motor proficiency of pre-schoolchildren. Research in Dance Education,</p><p>5(2), 127138.</p><p></p><p>Vygotsky, L. (1978). Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.</p><p></p><p>Vygotsky. (2012). Thought And:Language (A. Kozulin, Edition). The Mit Press.</p><p>England: Cambridge London.</p><p></p><p>Wall, J., & Murray, N. (1994). Children and Movement Physical Education in Elementary</p><p>School. Dubuque IL. Wm.C. Brown Communication, Inc</p><p></p><p>Wan Asma wan Ismail. (2000). Kanak-kanak dan perkembangan. Buletin Kesihatan, Jabatan Pediatrik </p><p>Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan (PPSP). Kelantan: Universiti Sains Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Wang, H. T., Boris, G., & Lin, C. H. (2003). The Effects of Creative Movement Program</p><p>on Motor Creativity of Preschool Children. Paper presented at the meeting of </p><p>NDA/AAHPERD National Convention, Philadelphia. NDA Proceeding Journal.</p><p></p><p>Ward, D. S. (2010). Physical activity in young children: the role of child care.</p><p>Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 42(3), 499-501. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/ MSS.0b013e3181ce9f8</p><p></p><p>Wei, M. H., & Annie, D. (2013). Cultural and age differences of three groups of</p><p>Taiwanese young childrens creativity and drawing. Psychological Reports: Relationships &</p><p>Communications, 112(3), 900-912</p><p></p><p>Wellington, J. J. (2000). Educational Research: Contemporary Issues and Practical Approaches.</p><p>London: Continuum.</p><p></p><p>Wothrom, S. (2010). Early childhood curriculum. New Jersey: Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Winnick, J. P. (2005). Adapted Physical Education and Sport (4th Edition).</p><p>Champaign, IL: Human kinetic.</p><p></p><p>Wolcott, F. H. (2009). Writing up qualitative research (3rd Edition). Beverly Hills,</p><p>California: Sage Publications.</p><p></p><p>Wolcott, F. H. (1990). Writing up Qualitative Research. New York: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Worrell, J., Di Gangi, P. M., & Bush, A. A. (2012). Exploring the use of the Delphi method in</p><p>accounting infromation system research. International Journal of Accounting Information</p><p>Systems, 14(3), 193-208. doi:10.1016/j.accinf.2012</p><p>.03.03.</p><p></p><p>Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research : Design and method (6th Edition). Thousand Oaks. CA: Sage</p><p>Inc.</p><p></p><p>Yuen, L. H. F. (2009). From foot to shoes: Kindergarteners, families and teachers</p><p>perceptions of the project approach. Early Childhood Education Journal, 37(1), 23-33.</p><p></p><p>Yulia Siska. (2011). Penerapan metode bermain peran (role playing) dalam</p><p>meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan keterampial berbicara anak usia dini. Diperolehi daripada</p><p>http://jurnal.upi.edu/file/4-Yulia_Siska-edit.pdf</p><p></p><p>Yusminah, M. Y. (2009). A case study of teachers pedagogical content knowledge of functions.</p><p>Proceedings of the 3th International Conference on Science and Mathematics Education. Penang, 10-12</p><p>November 2009.</p><p></p><p>Yusup Hashim. (2001). Reka bentuk dan sistem instruksi. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication</p><p>and Distributors Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Yusup Hashim. (2006). Penggunaan Teknologi Instruksional Dalam Kurikulum dan Instruksi. Kuala</p><p>Lumpur: Utusan Publication and Distributors Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Yusuf Hashim, & Razmah Man. (2005). Teknologi Instruksional: Teori dan Aplikasi: Tanjong Malim.</p><p>Universiti Pendidian Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Zachopoulou, E., Tsangaridou, N., Pickup, I., Liukkonen, J., & Grammatikopoulos,</p><p>V. (2007). Early Steps, promoting healthy lifestyle and social interaction through</p><p>physical education activities during preschool years. Thessaloniki: Christodoulidi</p><p>Publications.</p><p></p><p>Zakiah Mohamad Ashari & Azlina Mohd Kosnin. (2011). Persepsi dan amalan guru novis terhadap</p><p>penggunaan pendekatan belajar sambil bermain. International Conference on Early Childhood and</p><p>Special Education (ICECSE). Pulau Pinang.</p><p></p><p>Zaleha Damanhuri. (2017). Perkembangan main dalam kalangan kanak-kanak awal.</p><p>Jurnal Sains Sosial. Malayis Journal of Social Science, 2(1), 144-155.</p><p></p><p>Zaleha Ismail & Suhanim Abdul Jalil. (2010). Pembangunan E-Pembelajaran Berasaskan</p><p>Moodle Bagi Topik Ratio And Proportion. Pembangunan E- Pembelajaran Berasaskan Moodle Bagi</p><p>Topik Ratio And Proportion. (pp. 1- 13).</p><p></p><p>Zamri Mahamod & Nur Aisyah Mohamad Noor. (2011). Persepsi guru tentang penggunaan </p><p>aplikasi multimedia dalanm pengakaran komponen sastera Bahasa Melayu. GEMA Online Journal</p><p>og Language Studies, 11(3), 163-177.</p><p></p><p>Zamri Mahamod, Nik Mohd Rahimi Nik Yusoff & Juliawati Ibrahim. (2009). Perbandingan gaya</p><p>pengajaran guru Bahasa Melayu dan guru Bahasa Inggeris. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia 34(1), 67-92.</p><p></p><p>Zulkifley Hamid. (2006). Aplikasi psikolingusitik dalam pengajaran dan bahasa.</p><p>Bentong: PTS Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p>