Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia
<p>Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional (KPP) dilaksanakan secara meluas sebagai salah</p><p>satu kaedah pembangunan profesionalisme guru sekolah seluruh Malaysia, namun</p><p>sehingga kini belum ada sebuah model lengkap KPP khusus u...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | thesis |
| Language: | zsm |
| Published: |
2022
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9054 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| id |
oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:9054 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
uketd_dc |
| institution |
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
| collection |
UPSI Digital Repository |
| language |
zsm |
| topic |
LB Theory and practice of education |
| spellingShingle |
LB Theory and practice of education Kamarudin Ismail Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia |
| description |
<p>Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional (KPP) dilaksanakan secara meluas sebagai salah</p><p>satu kaedah pembangunan profesionalisme guru sekolah seluruh Malaysia, namun</p><p>sehingga kini belum ada sebuah model lengkap KPP khusus untuk sekolah rendah di</p><p>Malaysia. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan model KPP untuk</p><p>sekolah rendah berdasarkan standard sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia.</p><p>Pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan pembangunan atau DDR digunakan dalam</p><p>kajian ini yang terbahagi kepada empat fasa. Fasa pertama merupakan analisis</p><p>keperluan menggunakan kaedah sorotan literatur secara sistematik dan analisis modelmodel</p><p>KPP tempatan dan antarabangsa. Fasa kedua merangkumi fasa pembangunan</p><p>model yang menggunakan kaedah Fuzzy Delphi tiga pusingan. Pusingan pertama</p><p>melibatkan temu bual bersama 14 orang pakar yang menghasilkan soal selidik KPP.</p><p>Seterusnya pusingan kedua memerlukan panel pakar memberikan maklum balas dan</p><p>menambah baik soal selidik tersebut. Pusingan ketiga, hasil akhir analisis Fuzzy Delphi</p><p>yang dilakukan menunjukkan keseluruhan item soal selidik mendapat peratus</p><p>persetujuan yang tinggi daripada panel pakar. Selanjutnya, fasa ketiga ialah penilaian</p><p>model melalui kaedah tinjauan soal selidik yang melibatkan seramai 400 guru dari 25</p><p>buah sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi dari seluruh negara. Hasil tinjauan soal selidik</p><p>tersebut menunjukkan tahap pelaksanaan amalan KPP adalah tinggi dengan nilai skor</p><p>min= 3.98. Seterusnya, fasa keempat iaitu fasa pengesahan model menggunakan</p><p>analisis faktor pengesahan atau CFA. Hasil analisis CFA menunjukkan nilai indeks</p><p>kesepadanan; RMSEA= 0.091, CFI= 0.928, ChiSq/df= 4.124, yang mengesahkan</p><p>bahawa model KPP yang dibangunkan adalah sepadan dengan data kajian. Sumbangan</p><p>utama kajian ini ialah terbinanya sebuah model KPP baharu untuk sekolah rendah yang</p><p>berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia. Menerusi model ini, tiga anjakan PPPM (2013-2025)</p><p>dapat diketengahkan iaitu meningkatkan profesionalisme keguruan, keperluan</p><p>kepimpinan berprestasi tinggi serta penglibatan ibu bapa dan komuniti secara meluas.</p><p>Model yang dibangunkan ini diharap menjadi panduan jelas kepada pemegang taruh</p><p>sistem pendidikan negara khususnya dalam pelaksanaan KPP di sekolah.</p> |
| format |
thesis |
| qualification_name |
|
| qualification_level |
Doctorate |
| author |
Kamarudin Ismail |
| author_facet |
Kamarudin Ismail |
| author_sort |
Kamarudin Ismail |
| title |
Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia |
| title_short |
Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia |
| title_full |
Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia |
| title_fullStr |
Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia |
| title_sort |
pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di malaysia |
| granting_institution |
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris |
| granting_department |
Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| url |
https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9054 |
| _version_ |
1776104591594618880 |
| spelling |
oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:90542023-06-15 Pembangunan model komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia 2022 Kamarudin Ismail LB Theory and practice of education <p>Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional (KPP) dilaksanakan secara meluas sebagai salah</p><p>satu kaedah pembangunan profesionalisme guru sekolah seluruh Malaysia, namun</p><p>sehingga kini belum ada sebuah model lengkap KPP khusus untuk sekolah rendah di</p><p>Malaysia. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan model KPP untuk</p><p>sekolah rendah berdasarkan standard sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia.</p><p>Pendekatan penyelidikan reka bentuk dan pembangunan atau DDR digunakan dalam</p><p>kajian ini yang terbahagi kepada empat fasa. Fasa pertama merupakan analisis</p><p>keperluan menggunakan kaedah sorotan literatur secara sistematik dan analisis modelmodel</p><p>KPP tempatan dan antarabangsa. Fasa kedua merangkumi fasa pembangunan</p><p>model yang menggunakan kaedah Fuzzy Delphi tiga pusingan. Pusingan pertama</p><p>melibatkan temu bual bersama 14 orang pakar yang menghasilkan soal selidik KPP.</p><p>Seterusnya pusingan kedua memerlukan panel pakar memberikan maklum balas dan</p><p>menambah baik soal selidik tersebut. Pusingan ketiga, hasil akhir analisis Fuzzy Delphi</p><p>yang dilakukan menunjukkan keseluruhan item soal selidik mendapat peratus</p><p>persetujuan yang tinggi daripada panel pakar. Selanjutnya, fasa ketiga ialah penilaian</p><p>model melalui kaedah tinjauan soal selidik yang melibatkan seramai 400 guru dari 25</p><p>buah sekolah rendah berprestasi tinggi dari seluruh negara. Hasil tinjauan soal selidik</p><p>tersebut menunjukkan tahap pelaksanaan amalan KPP adalah tinggi dengan nilai skor</p><p>min= 3.98. Seterusnya, fasa keempat iaitu fasa pengesahan model menggunakan</p><p>analisis faktor pengesahan atau CFA. Hasil analisis CFA menunjukkan nilai indeks</p><p>kesepadanan; RMSEA= 0.091, CFI= 0.928, ChiSq/df= 4.124, yang mengesahkan</p><p>bahawa model KPP yang dibangunkan adalah sepadan dengan data kajian. Sumbangan</p><p>utama kajian ini ialah terbinanya sebuah model KPP baharu untuk sekolah rendah yang</p><p>berprestasi tinggi di Malaysia. Menerusi model ini, tiga anjakan PPPM (2013-2025)</p><p>dapat diketengahkan iaitu meningkatkan profesionalisme keguruan, keperluan</p><p>kepimpinan berprestasi tinggi serta penglibatan ibu bapa dan komuniti secara meluas.</p><p>Model yang dibangunkan ini diharap menjadi panduan jelas kepada pemegang taruh</p><p>sistem pendidikan negara khususnya dalam pelaksanaan KPP di sekolah.</p> 2022 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9054 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9054 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi <p>Achinstein, B. (2002). Community, diversity, and conflict among schoolteachers: The</p><p>ties that blind. Teachers College Press.</p><p></p><p>Adamski, A. J. (1998). The development of a systems design model for job performance aids: A</p><p>qualitative developmental study. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan). Wayne State</p><p>University, U.S.A.</p><p></p><p>Admiraal, W., Schenke, W., De Jong, L., Emmelot, Y., & Sligte, H. (2019). Schools as professional</p><p>learning communities: what can schools do to support professional development of their teachers?.</p><p>Professional Development in Education, 47(4), 684-698.</p><p></p><p>Adler, M., & Ziglio, E. (1996). Gazing into the oracle: The Delphi method and its application to</p><p>social policy and public health. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Fkrudin Mohamed Yusoff, Mohd Isa Hamzah, & Wan Norina Wan Hamat. (2014). Pembangunan Perisian</p><p>Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Multimedia Interaktif Pengurusan Jenazah Politeknik Malaysia. O-JIE:</p><p>Online Journal of Islamic Education, 2(2), 11-25.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Marzuki Mohamad. (2013). Amalan kepimpinan Islam pengetua dan perkaitannya terhadap atribut</p><p>komuniti pembelajaran profesional. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan).</p><p>Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Marzuki Mohamad, Zairus Norsiah Azhar, Azhar Muhammad, & Wan Hassan Wan Embong. (2015).</p><p>Komuniti pembelajaran profesional : Aplikasi dalam kalangan komuniti SMKA di negeri Johor.</p><p>International Journal of Islamic Studies and Arabic Language Education, 2 (1), 11-22.</p><p></p><p>Aminu, I. M., & Shariff, M. N. M. (2014). Strategic orientation, access to finance, business</p><p>environment and SMEs performance in Nigeria: Data screening and preliminary analysis. European</p><p>Journal of Business and Management, 6(35), 124-132.</p><p></p><p>Anderson, J. C., Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and</p><p>recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411423.</p><p></p><p>Ansawi, B., & Pang, V. (2017). The Relationship between Professional Learning Community and Lesson</p><p>Study: A Case Study in Low Performing Schools in Sabah, Malaysia. Sains Humanika, 9(13), 6370.</p><p></p><p>Appel, M. (2020). Performativity and the demise of the teaching profession: the need for</p><p>rebalancing in Australia. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 48(3),</p><p>301-315.</p><p></p><p>Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., & Sorenson, C. (2010). Introduction to research in education.</p><p>Wadsworth.</p><p></p><p>Astuto, T. A., Clark, D. L., Read, A. M., McGree, K., & Fernandez, L. (1993).</p><p>Challenges to dominant assumptions controlling educational reform. Regional</p><p>Laboratory for the Educational Improvement of the Northeast and Islands.</p><p></p><p>Aziah Ismail, Najdah Baharom & Abdul Ghani Kanesan Abdullah (2014). Professional</p><p>learning community practices in high and low performing schools in</p><p>Malaysia. International Journal of Current Research and Academic</p><p>Review, 2(9), 159-164.</p><p></p><p>Aziah Ismail, Loh, H.L., & Abdul Ghani Kanesan Abdullah. (2015). Komuniti</p><p>Pembelajaran Profesional Dan Efikasi Kendiri Guru Sekolah Menengah Pulau</p><p>Pinang. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 2(1), 112.</p><p></p><p>Azita Ali, & Hazlina Marwan. (2019). Exploring Career Management Competencies in</p><p>Work Based Learning (WBL) Implementation. Journal of Technical Education</p><p>and Training, 11(1), 159-166.</p><p></p><p>Azizi Yahaya, Shahrin Hashim, Jamaludin Ramli, Yusof Boon, & Abdul Rahim</p><p>Hamdan. (2007). Menguasai penyelidikan dalam pendidikan: Teori, analisis &</p><p>interpretasi data. PTS Pendidikan.</p><p></p><p>Azorin, C. (2019). The emergence of professional learning networks in Spain. Journal</p><p>of Professional Capital and Community, 4(1), 36-51.</p><p></p><p>Baistaman, J., Awang, Z., Afthanorhan, A., & Rahim, M. Z. A. (2020). Developing and</p><p>validating the measurement model for financial literacy construct using</p><p>confirmatory factor analysis. Humanity Social Science Review, 8, 413-422.</p><p></p><p>Balasubramanian, R., & Agarwal, D. (2013). Delphi technique-A review. International</p><p>Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 3(2), 16-25.</p><p></p><p>Bantwini, B. D. (2019). Developing a culture of collaboration and learning among</p><p>natural science teachers as a continuous professional development approach in</p><p>a province in South Africa. Teacher Development, 23(2), 213-232.</p><p></p><p>Benitez, J. M., Martn, J. C., & Romn, C. (2007). Using fuzzy number for measuring</p><p>quality of service in the hotel industry. Tourism management, 28(2), 544-555.</p><p></p><p>Bergkvist, L., & Rossiter, J. R. (2007). The predictive validity of multiple-item versus</p><p>single-item measures of the same constructs. Journal of marketing</p><p>research, 44(2), 175-184.</p><p></p><p>Blankstein, A. M. (2004). Failure is not an option: Six principles that guide student</p><p>achievement in high-performing schools. Corwin Press</p><p></p><p>Blitz, C. L. (2013). Can Online Learning Communities Achieve the Goals of Traditional</p><p>Professional Learning Communities? What the Literature Says. (REL 2013-</p><p>003). U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National</p><p>Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional</p><p>Educational Laboratory Mid-Atlantic.</p><p></p><p>Bolam, R., McMahon, A., Stoll, L., Thomas, S., Wallace, M., Greenwood, A., Hawkey,</p><p>K., Ingram, M., Atkinson, A. and Smith, M. (2005). Creating and Sustaining</p><p>Effective Professional Learning Communities. Research Report 637. DfES and</p><p>University of Bristol.</p><p></p><p>Boone, S. C. (2010). Professional Learning Communities' Impact: A Case Study</p><p>Investigating Teachers' Perceptions and Professional Learning Satisfaction at</p><p>One Urban Middle School. (Tesis Ijazah Falsafah Kedoktoran). Walden</p><p>University, Minneapolis. http://search-proquest-com.</p><p></p><p>Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative</p><p>research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.</p><p></p><p>Brown, C. (2017). Research learning communities: How the RLC approach enables</p><p>teachers to use research to improve their practice and the benefits for students</p><p>that occur as a result. Research for All, 1(2), 387-405.</p><p></p><p>Brown, T., A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford.</p><p></p><p>Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A.</p><p>Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-62).</p><p>Sage.</p><p></p><p>Bryk, A. S., & Driscoll, M. E. (1988). The school as community: theoretical</p><p>foundations, contextual influences, and consequences for students and teachers.</p><p>University of Wisconsin, National Center for Effective Secondary Schools.</p><p></p><p>Bryk, A., & Schneider, B. (2002). Trust in schools: A core resource for improvement.</p><p>Russell Sage Foundation.</p><p></p><p>Bryk, A., Camburn, E., & Louis, K. S. (1999). Professional community in Chicago</p><p>elementary schools: Facilitating factors and organizational</p><p>consequences. Educational administration quarterly, 35(5), 751-781.</p><p></p><p>Bui, T. D., Tsai, F. M., Tseng, M. L., & Ali, M. H. (2020). Identifying sustainable solid</p><p>waste management barriers in practice using the fuzzy Delphi</p><p>method. Resources, conservation and recycling, 154, 104625.</p><p></p><p>Burns, M. K., Naughton, M. R., Preast, J. L., Wang, Z., Gordon, R. L., Robb, V., &</p><p>Smith, M. L. (2017). Factors of Professional Learning Community</p><p>Implementation and Effect on Student Achievement. Journal of Educational</p><p>and Psychological Consultation, 28(4), 394-412.</p><p></p><p>Bushra Limuna Ismail, Arasinah Kamis, Amarumi Alwi, & Che Ghani Che Kob.</p><p>(2018). Application of Fuzzy Delphi Methods in Developing of Green Skills</p><p>Elements in Secondary Schools. Sains Humanika, 10(3-3), 33-36.</p><p></p><p>Buttram, J. L., & Farley-Ripple, E. N. (2016). The role of principals in professional</p><p>learning communities. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 15(2), 192-220.</p><p></p><p>Cajkler, W., Wood, P., Norton, J., Pedder, D., & Xu, H. (2015). Teacher perspectives</p><p>about lesson study in secondary school departments: a collaborative vehicle for</p><p>professional learning and practice development. Research Papers in</p><p>Education, 30(2), 192-213.</p><p></p><p>Cansoy, R., & Parlar, H. (2017). Examining the Relationships Between the Level of</p><p>Schools for Being Professional Learning Communities and Teacher</p><p>Professionalism. MOJES: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational</p><p>Sciences, 5(3), 13-27.</p><p></p><p>Cassity, A. H. (2012). Relationships among perceptions of professional learning</p><p>communities, school academic optimism, and student achievement in Alabama</p><p>middle and high schools. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan)</p><p>University of Alabama Libraries.</p><p></p><p>Chen, P., Lee, C. D., Lin, H., & Zhang, C. X. (2016). Factors that develop effective</p><p>professional learning communities in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of</p><p>Education, 36(2), 248-265.</p><p></p><p>Cheng, C. H., & Lin, Y. (2002). Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy</p><p>decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European journal of</p><p>operational research, 142(1), 174-186.</p><p></p><p>Chong, C. K., Muhammad Faizal A. Ghani, & Zuraidah Abdullah. (2016). Amalan</p><p>komuniti pembelajaran profesional (KPP) di Sekolah Berprestasi Tinggi (SBT)</p><p>Malaysia : Sebuah Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina (SJKC) di Sarawak. JuPiDi:</p><p>Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 3(1), 43-70.</p><p></p><p>Chong, C. K., Muhammad Faizal A. Ghani, & Zuraidah Abdullah. (2018). Cabaran</p><p>amalan komuniti pembelajaran profesional (KPP) dalam kalangan guru sekolah</p><p>rendah berprestasi tinggi Malaysia. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran</p><p>Asia Pasifik, 6(3), 1-14.</p><p></p><p>Christina Ngau & Ahmad Zamri Mansor. (2017). Persepsi dan amalan komuniti</p><p>pembelajaran profesional dalam kalangan guru Matematik di daerah Bau.</p><p>Proceedings of the Research Methodology in Education Conference. 90-99.</p><p></p><p>Chu, H. C., & Hwang, G. J. (2008). A Delphi-based approach to developing expert</p><p>systems with the cooperation of multiple experts. Expert systems with</p><p>applications, 34(4), 2826-2840.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2011). Kaedah penyelidikan edisi kedua. McGraw-Hill (Malaysia) Sdn.</p><p>Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2014a). Statistik penyelidikan lanjutan: Ujian regresi, analisis faktor dan</p><p>analisis SEM. McGraw-Hill (M).</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y.P. (2014b). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan: Asas statistik penyelidikananalisis</p><p>data skala likert, Buku 3 (edisi 2). McGraw-Hill Education (Malaysia)</p><p>Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Chuan, N. K., Jarrett, B., Smith, M., Taylor, W., Kwong, J., Noralidin, N., Buyoh, R.,</p><p>Justin, C. A., Salleh, D. S., Auh, A., & Ong, H. (2013). Professional learning</p><p>communities across a Malaysian primary school (1-26). Asian Education Action</p><p>Research Journal, 2(1), 1-26.</p><p></p><p>Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques: 3d Ed. Wiley.</p><p></p><p>Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education.</p><p>Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Colwell, J., & Hutchison, A. C. (2018). Considering a Twitter-based professional</p><p>learning network in literacy education. Literacy research and instruction, 57(1),</p><p>5-25.</p><p></p><p>Connelly, L. M. (2008). Pilot studies. Medsurg Nursing, 17(6), 411-412.</p><p></p><p>Cooper, C., & Boyd, J. (1995). Schools as collaborative learning communities. Kertas</p><p>kerja dibentangkan di Persidangan Antarabangsa Pembelajaran Kooperatif,</p><p>Brisbane.</p><p></p><p>Cornish, (1977). The study of the future. World Future Society.</p><p></p><p>Cranston, J. (2007). Holding the reins of the professional learning community:</p><p>Principals' perceptions of the normative imperative to develop schools as</p><p>professional learning communities. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak</p><p>diterbitkan). University of Manitoba.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating</p><p>quantitative (hlmn. 146-166). Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five</p><p>approaches. Sage publications.</p><p></p><p>Crockett, S. A. (2012). A five-step guide to conducting SEM analysis in counseling</p><p>research. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 3(1), 30-47.</p><p></p><p>Darling-Hammond, L. (1996). The quiet revolution: Rethinking teacher</p><p>development. Educational leadership, 53(6), 4-10.</p><p></p><p>Daud, M.Y., Iksan, Z., Khalid, F., & Rosli, R. (2014). Refleksi pendekatan lesson study</p><p>dalam menjalani latihan mengajar oleh bakal guru sains di beberapa sekolah</p><p>terpilih. Proceedings of the World Association of Lesson Studies International</p><p>Conference.</p><p>https://www.academia.edu/12919809/Refleksi_Pendekatan_Lesson_Study_Da</p><p>lam_Menjalani_Latihan_Mengajar_oleh_Bakal_Guru_Sains_Di_Beberapa_Se</p><p>kolah_Terpilih</p><p></p><p>Dikko, M. (2016). Establishing construct validity and reliability: Pilot testing of a</p><p>qualitative interview for research in Takaful (Islamic insurance). The</p><p>Qualitative Report, 21(3), 521-528.</p><p></p><p>Dima Mazlina @ Siti Aishah Abu Bakar, & Abdul Rashid Jamian. (2016a).</p><p>Pelaksanaan komuniti pembelajaran profesional untuk peningkatan kemahiran</p><p>guru Bahasa Melayu mengajar penulisan karangan. Jurnal Kurikulum dan</p><p>Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 4(3), 1-10.</p><p></p><p>Dima Mazlina @ Siti Aisyah, Abd Rashid Jamian, & Shamsudin Othman. (2016b).</p><p>Keberkesanan Teknik Perkongsian Ilmu dalam Komuniti Pembelajaran</p><p>Profesional (KPP) terhadap Peningkatan Kemahiran Mengajar Karangan</p><p>Bahasa Melayu. Mahawangsa, 3(2), 247259.</p><p></p><p>Dimmock, C. (2016). Conceptualising the researchpracticeprofessional development</p><p>nexus: mobilising schools as research-engagedprofessional learning</p><p>communities. Professional Development in Education, 42(1), 36-53.</p><p></p><p>Dogan, S., Tatik, R. S., & Yurtseven, N. (2017). Professional Learning Communities</p><p>Assessment: Adaptation, Internal Validity, and Multidimensional Model</p><p>Testing in Turkish Context. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 17(4),</p><p>1203-1229.</p><p></p><p>Dogan, S., Yurtseven, N., & Tatk, R. . (2018). Meeting agenda matters: promoting</p><p>reflective dialogue in teacher communities. Professional Development in</p><p>Education, 45(2), 231-249.</p><p></p><p>DuFour, R. (2004). What is a professional learning community"?. Educational</p><p>leadership, 61(8), 6-11.</p><p></p><p>DuFour, R., & Eaker, R. (1998). Professional learning communities. National</p><p>Educational Service.</p><p></p><p>DuFour, R., DuFour, R., Eaker, R., Many, T. W., Mattos, M. (2016). Learning by</p><p>doing: A handbook for professional learning communities at work. Solution</p><p>tree.</p><p></p><p>Dutt, A., Tan, M., Alagumalai, S., & Nair, R. (2019). Development and Validation of</p><p>the Ability in Behavior Assessment and Interventions for Teachers Using</p><p>Delphi Technique and Rasch Analysis. Journal of autism and developmental</p><p>disorders, 49(5), 1976-1987.</p><p></p><p>Ellis, T. J., & Levy, Y. (2008). Framework of problem-based research: A guide for</p><p>novice researchers on the development of a research-worthy</p><p>problem. Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging</p><p>Transdiscipline, 11, 17-33.</p><p></p><p>Ellis, T. J., & Levy, Y. (2010). A guide for novice researchers: Design and development</p><p>research methods. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di Prosiding Informing Science &</p><p>IT Education Conference (InSITE), Florida.</p><p></p><p>Ellyza Karim, Ahmad Jamil & Osman Kamisah. (2017). Fuzzy Delphi method for</p><p>content validation of integrated science process skills instrument. International</p><p>Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(6), 773-785.</p><p></p><p>Ezwafahmey Ahmad Khusaini. (2018). Tahap kesediaan guru cemerlang Bahasa</p><p>Melayu terhadap perlaksanaan komuniti pembelajaran profesional di sekolah</p><p>menengah di negeri Melaka. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 8(1), 63-73.</p><p></p><p>Fauzan Izzati Roselan. (2018). Effectiveness of lesson study in the teaching of lower</p><p>primary English as a Second Language (ESL) class. International Research</p><p>Journal of Education and Sciences, 2(1), 7-12.</p><p></p><p>Feger, S., & Arruda, E. (2008). Professional learning communities: Key themes from</p><p>the literature. Education Alliance, Brown University.</p><p></p><p>Fullan, M. (2001). The new meaning of educational change. Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Fullan, M. (2005). Leadership & sustainability: System thinkers in action. Corwin</p><p>Press.</p><p></p><p>Garcia-Martnez, I., Diaz-Delgado, M. A., & Ubago-Jimenez, J. L. (2018). Educational</p><p>leadership training, the construction of learning communities. A systematic</p><p>review. Social sciences, 7(12), 1-13.</p><p></p><p>Ghani, M. F. A., Velarde, J. M., & Crow, G. M. (2020). School improvement in the</p><p>United States: Practices of professional learning communities from school</p><p>leader perspective. MOJEM: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational</p><p>Management, 8(4), 57-78.</p><p></p><p>Ghazali Darusalam, & Sufean Hussin. (2018). Metodologi penyelidikan dalam</p><p>pendidikan: Amalan dan analisis kajian. Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Giles, C., & Hargreaves, A. (2006). The sustainability of innovative schools as learning</p><p>organizations and professional learning communities during standardized</p><p>reform. Educational Administration Quarterly, 42(1), 124-156.</p><p></p><p>Glassman, K. S. (2016). Developing and implementing a professional practice</p><p>model. Nursing science quarterly, 29(4), 336-339.</p><p></p><p>Greenhow, C., Galvin, S. M., & Staudt, W. K. B. (2019). What should be the role of</p><p>social media in education?. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain</p><p>Sciences, 6(2), 178-185.</p><p></p><p>Gronn, P. (2003). The new work of educational leaders: Changing leadership practice</p><p>in an era of school reform. Sage.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data</p><p>analysis. Pearson New International Edition.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J. F., Black, B., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis.</p><p>(7th Edition). Pearson Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2019).</p><p>Multivariate Data Analysis. Cengage Learning.</p><p></p><p>Hamidah Sulaiman, Siti Hajar Halili, Norfaezah Md Khalid, Norsafatul Aznin A.</p><p>Razak, & Nurhasbuna Saleh. (2017). Gaya Asuhan Ibu Bapa Dan Hubungannya</p><p>Dengan Kecerdasan Emosi Remaja Dalam Kalangan Miskin</p><p>Bandar. International Journal of Religion Research in Education, 1(2), 83-95.</p><p></p><p>Hanafin, S. (2004). Review of literature on the Delphi Technique. Department of</p><p>Children and Youth Affairs.</p><p></p><p>Hargreaves, A. (2007). Sustainable professional learning communities. Professional</p><p>learning communities. Dalam L. Stoll & K. S. Louis, Professional learning</p><p>communities: Divergence, depth and dilemmas. Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Hargreaves, A., & Goodson, I. (2006). Educational change over time? The</p><p>sustainability and nonsustainability of three decades of secondary school</p><p>change and continuity. Educational Administration Quarterly, 42(1), 341.</p><p></p><p>Hargreaves, A., & OConnor, M. T. (2018). Solidarity with solidity: The case for</p><p>collaborative professionalism. Phi Delta Kappan, 100(1), 20-24.</p><p></p><p>Harris, A. (2011). System improvement through collective capacity building. Journal</p><p>of educational administration, 49(6), 624-636.</p><p></p><p>Harris, A., & Jones, M. (2010). Professional learning communities and system</p><p>improvement. Improving schools, 13(2), 172-181.</p><p></p><p>Harris, A., & Jones, M. (2017). Leading educational change and improvement at scale:</p><p>some inconvenient truths about system performance. International Journal of</p><p>Leadership in Education, 20(5), 632-641.</p><p></p><p>Harris, A., & Jones, M. (2018). Why context matters: a comparative perspective on</p><p>education reform and policy implementation. Educational Research for Policy</p><p>and Practice, 17(3), 195-207.</p><p></p><p>Harris, A., & Muijs, D. (2004). Improving schools through teacher leadership.</p><p>McGraw-Hill Education (UK).</p><p></p><p>Harris, A., Jones, M., & Huffman, J. B. (2018). Teachers leading educational reform:</p><p>The power of professional learning communities. Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Hasson, F., & Keeney, S. (2011). Enhancing rigour in the Delphi technique</p><p>research. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 78(9), 1695-1704.</p><p></p><p>Helmer, O. (1983). Looking forward: A guide to future research. Sage.</p><p></p><p>Hevner, A. R., March, S. T., Park, J., & Ram, S. (2004) Design Science in Information</p><p>Systems Research, MIS Quarterly, 28 (1), 77-105.</p><p></p><p>Hildebrandt, M., & Gutwirth, S. (2008). Profiling the European citizen. Springer.</p><p></p><p>Hipp, K. K., & Huffman, J. B. (2002). Documenting and Examining Practices in</p><p>Creating Learning Communities: Exemplars and Non-Exemplars. A paper</p><p>presented at the Annual meeting of the American Educational Research</p><p>association, New Orleans, LA.</p><p></p><p>Hipp, K. K., & Huffman, J. B. (2003). Professional learning communities: Assessment</p><p>- development - effects. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di Annual Conference of the</p><p>International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement, Sydney.</p><p></p><p>Hipp, K. K., & Huffman, J. B. (2010). Demystifying professional learning</p><p>communities: School leadership at its best. Rowman and Littlefield Education.</p><p></p><p>Ho, D., Lee, M., & Teng, Y. (2016). Exploring the relationship between school-level</p><p>teacher qualifications and teachers' perceptions of school-based professional</p><p>learning community practices. Teaching and Teacher Education, 54, 32-43.</p><p></p><p>Holland, M. (2002). Analysing and interpreting the data. Dalam Daymon, C., &</p><p>Holloway, I. (Eds.), Qualitative research in public relations and marketing</p><p>communications (hlmn. 231-246). Gower.</p><p></p><p>Hord, S. M. (1997). Professional learning communities: Communities of continuous</p><p>inquiry and improvement. Office of Educational Research and Improvement,</p><p>40(1), 5859.</p><p></p><p>Hord, S. M. (2004). Learning together, leading together: Changing schools through</p><p>professional learning communities. Teachers College Press.</p><p></p><p>Hord, S. M., & Hirsh, S. A. (2008). Making the promise a reality. Sustaining</p><p>professional learning communities, 23-40. Dalam Blankstein, A.M., Houston,</p><p>P.D., & Cole, R. W. (Eds.). Sustaining professional learning communities.</p><p>Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.</p><p></p><p>Horn, I. S., & Little, J. W. (2010). Attending to problems of practice: Routines and</p><p>resources for professional learning in teachers workplace</p><p>interactions. American educational research journal, 47(1), 181-217.</p><p></p><p>Hsieh, T. Y., Lu, S. T., & Tzeng, G. H. (2004). Fuzzy MCDM approach for planning</p><p>and design tenders selection in public office buildings. International journal of</p><p>project management, 22(7), 573-584.</p><p></p><p>Hsu, C. C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: making sense of</p><p>consensus. Practical assessment, research & evaluation, 12(10), 1-8.</p><p></p><p>Huang, H. C., Lin, W. C., & Lin, J. D. (2008). Development of a fallrisk checklist</p><p>using the Delphi technique. Journal of clinical nursing, 17(17), 2275-2283.</p><p></p><p>Huffman, J. (2003). The role of shared values and vision in creating professional</p><p>learning communities. Nassp Bulletin, 87(637), 21-34.</p><p></p><p>Huffman, J. B., Olivier, D. F., Wang, T., Chen, P., Salleh Hairon, & Pang, N. (2016).</p><p>Global conceptualization of the professional learning community process:</p><p>transitioning from country perspectives to international commonalities.</p><p>International Journal of Leadership in Education, 19(3), 327351.</p><p></p><p>Hughes, T. A., & Kritsonis, W. A. (2006). A National Perspective: An Exploration of</p><p>Professional Learning Communities and the Impact on School Improvement</p><p>Efforts. Doctoral Forum, National journal for publishing and mentoring</p><p>doctoral student research, 1(1), 1-12.</p><p></p><p>Intanam, N., Wongwanich, S., & Lawthong, N. (2010). Benchmark for Building</p><p>Professional Learning Communities in Schools: From Tools and Guideline to</p><p>Practice in Thai Educational Context.</p><p>http://www.iaea.info/documents/paper_4d52fc9.pdf.</p><p></p><p>Irdayanti Mat Nashir, Ramlee Mustapha, & Abdullah Yusoff. (2014). Pembangunan</p><p>instrumen kepimpinan dalam sistem pendidikan teknik dan vokasional: Teknik</p><p>Delphi terubah suai. Jurnal Pengurusan Kualiti dan Analisis, 10(1), 1-7.</p><p></p><p>Ismail, K., Ishak, R., Yuet, F. K. C., & Kamaruddin, S. H. (2019). Komuniti</p><p>pembelajaran profesional sebagai budaya kolaborasi profesional sekolah: Teori</p><p>dan amalan. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 15(4), 261-</p><p>273.</p><p></p><p>Ismail, K., Ishak, R., & Kamaruddin, S. H. (2020). Professional Learning Communities</p><p>in Malaysian Schools: A Contemporary Literature Review. Universal Journal</p><p>of Educational Research, 8(4), 1535-1541.</p><p></p><p>Jones, M., & Harris, A. (2014). Principals leading successful organisational change:</p><p>Building social capital through disciplined professional collaboration. Journal</p><p>of Organizational Change Management, 27(3), 473-485.</p><p></p><p>Judah Ahmad, Hajjah Mohtar &Tiwi Kamidin. (2018, Oktober). Happy, loving, trust</p><p>dalam meningkatkan amalan pedagogi guru dan kemenjadian pelajar di Sekolah</p><p>Menengah Kerajaan Hajjah Laila Taib. Proceedings of the International</p><p>Conference on Education Transformation. 444-466.</p><p></p><p>Kaufman, R., & Stakenas, R.G. (1981). Needs assesment and holistic planning.</p><p>Educational Leadership, 38, 612-616.</p><p>http://ascd.com/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el_198105_kaufman.pdf</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2011). Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional (PLC).</p><p>Bahagian Pendidikan Guru.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2012). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia</p><p>2013-2025. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2014). Penilaian Bersepadu Pegawai</p><p>Perkhidmatan Pendidikan. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2015). Laporan Tahunan 2015 PPPM (2013-</p><p>2025). Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2018). Standard Keperibadian dan Amalan</p><p>Pemimpin Pendidikan Berprestasi Tinggi. Institut Aminuddin Baki.</p><p></p><p>Khairul Anuar Saad, Walsh, B., Mallaburn, A., & Brundrett, M. (2017). Exploring the</p><p>Implementation of a Professional Learning Communities in Malaysians</p><p>Schools. International Journal of Education Psychology and Counseling, 2(5),</p><p>118.</p><p></p><p>Khalid, F. (2011). Elements of a successful online community of practice: An</p><p>investigation of the information technology coordinators (ITCs) group.</p><p>Proceesings of the Global Learn Asia Pacific- Global Conference on Learning</p><p>and Technology. 1153-1161.</p><p></p><p>Khalid, F., Joyes, G., Ellison, L., & Daud, M. Y. (2014). Factors influencing teachers'</p><p>level of participation in online communities. International Education</p><p>Studies, 7(13), 23-32.</p><p></p><p>Khalid, F., Joyes, G., Ellison, L., & Karim, A. (2013). Teachers' involvement in</p><p>communities of practice: An implication with regard to the current approach of</p><p>teachers' professional development in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 9(16),</p><p>102-111.</p><p></p><p>King, M. B., & Newmann, F. M. (2001). Building school capacity through professional</p><p>development: Conceptual and empirical considerations. International journal</p><p>of educational management, 15(2), 86-94.</p><p></p><p>Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (5th ed.,</p><p>pp. 3427). The Guilford Press.</p><p></p><p>Knowles, L. B. N. (2019). Can the North American ski industry attain climate</p><p>resiliency? A modified Delphi survey on transformations towards sustainable</p><p>tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(3), 380-397.</p><p></p><p>Kools, M., & Stoll, L. (2016). What makes a school a learning organisation ?. OECD</p><p>Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Kruse, S., Louis, K. S., & Bryk, A. (1994). Building professional community in</p><p>schools. Issues in restructuring schools, 6(3), 67-71.</p><p></p><p>Kumar, A., Pal, A., Vohra, A., Gupta, S., Manchanda, S., & Dash, M. K. (2018).</p><p>Construction of capital procurement decision making model to optimize</p><p>supplier selection using Fuzzy Delphi and AHP-DEMATEL Benchmarking: An</p><p>International Journal, 25(5), 1528-1547.</p><p></p><p>Lantz-Andersson, A., Lundin, M., & Selwyn, N. (2018). Twenty years of online teacher</p><p>communities: A systematic review of formally-organized and informallydeveloped</p><p>professional learning groups. Teaching and Teacher Education, 75,</p><p>302-315.</p><p></p><p>Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation.</p><p>Cambridge University Press.</p><p></p><p>Lee, S., & Seo, K. K. (2016). A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making model for a cloud</p><p>service selection problem using BSC, fuzzy Delphi method and fuzzy</p><p>AHP. Wireless Personal Communications, 86(1), 57-75.</p><p></p><p>Levine, T. H., & Marcus, A. S. (2007). Closing the achievement gap through teacher</p><p>collaboration: Facilitating multiple trajectories of teacher learning. Journal of</p><p>advanced academics, 19(1), 116-138.</p><p></p><p>Lewis, S. (2017). Communities of Practice and PISA for Schools: Comparative</p><p>Learning or a Mode of Educational Governance?. Education policy analysis</p><p>archives, 25(92), 1-25.</p><p></p><p>Li, L. C., Grimshaw, J. M., Nielsen, C., Judd, M., Coyte, P. C., & Graham, I. D. (2009).</p><p>Use of communities of practice in business and health care sectors: a systematic</p><p>review. Implementation science, 4(27), 1-9.</p><p></p><p>Lieberman, A., & McLaughlin, M. W. (1992). Networks for educational change:</p><p>Powerful and problematic. Phi delta kappan, 73(9), 673-677.</p><p></p><p>Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (2002). General applications: introduction. The Delphi</p><p>approach: Technique and applications. Addison-Wesley Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Little, J. W. (1982). Norms of collegiality and experimentation: Workplace conditions</p><p>of school success. American educational research journal, 19(3), 325-340.</p><p></p><p>Little, J. W. (1990). The persistence of privacy: Autonomy and initiative in teachers</p><p>professional relations. Teachers college record, 91(4), 509-536.</p><p></p><p>Little, J. W. (2006). Learning-Centered School Professional Community and Learning-</p><p>Centered School. Washington, D.C.</p><p></p><p>Little, J. W. (2012). Professional community and professional development in the</p><p>learning-centered school. Dalam Teacher learning that matters (hlmn. 42-64).</p><p>Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Little, T. D., Rhemtulla, M., Gibson, K., & Schoemann, A. M. (2013). Why the items</p><p>versus parcels controversy neednt be one. Psychological Methods, 18(3), 285-</p><p>300.</p><p></p><p>Liu, S., & Hallinger, P. (2018). Teacher development in rural China: how ineffective</p><p>school leadership fails to make a difference. International Journal of</p><p>Leadership in Education, 21(6), 633-650.</p><p></p><p>Lokman, M. T., Mohd Nihra Haruzuan, M.S., Mohd Faiz, A., Narina, A.S., Khadijah,</p><p>D., & Tasiya, H.M. (2013). Examining the professional learning community</p><p>practices: An empirical comparison from Malaysian universities</p><p>clusters. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 97, 105-113.</p><p></p><p>Lomos, C. (2012). Professional community and student achievement. University</p><p>Library Groningen.</p><p></p><p>Lomos, C. (2017). To what extent do teachers in European countries differ in their</p><p>professional community practices ? School Effectiveness and School</p><p>Improvement, 28(2), 276291.</p><p></p><p>Lomos, C., Hofman, R. H., & Bosker, R. J. (2011a). The relationship between</p><p>departments as professional communities and student achievement in secondary</p><p>schools. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(4), 722731.</p><p></p><p>Lomos, C., Hofman, R. H., & Bosker, R. J. (2011b). Professional communities and</p><p>student achievement - a meta-analysis. School Effectiveness and School</p><p>Improvement, 22(2), 121148.</p><p></p><p>Louis, K. S., & Kruse, S. D. (1995). Professionalism and community: Perspectives on</p><p>reforming urban schools. SAGE Publications Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Louis, K. S., & Marks, H. M. (1998). Does professional community affect the</p><p>classroom? Teachers' work and student experiences in restructuring</p><p>schools. American journal of education, 106(4), 532-575.</p><p></p><p>Louis, K. S., Marks, H. M., & Kruse, S. (1996). Teachers Professional Community in</p><p>Restructuring Schools. American Educational Research Journal, 33(4), 757</p><p>798.</p><p></p><p>Luyten, H., & Bazo, M. (2019). Transformational leadership, professional learning</p><p>communities, teacher learning and learner centred teaching practices; Evidence</p><p>on their interrelations in Mozambican primary education. Studies in educational</p><p>evaluation, 60, 14-31.</p><p></p><p>Lyons, O., Timmons, J., Cohen-Hall, A., & LeBlois, S. (2018). The essential</p><p>characteristics of successful organizational transformation: Findings from a</p><p>Delphi panel of experts. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 49(2), 205-216.</p><p></p><p>MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and</p><p>determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological</p><p>methods, 1(2), 130-149.</p><p></p><p>Macia, M., & Garcia, I. (2016). Informal online communities and networks as a source</p><p>of teacher professional development: A review. Teaching and teacher</p><p>education, 55, 291-307.</p><p></p><p>Mahaliza, M., & Norlia, M. N. (2017). Hubungan antara peranan pemimpin</p><p>pembelajaran profesional dan model pembelajaran profesional dengan amalan</p><p>guru sekolah menengah harian di Malaysia. Management Research Journal, 6,</p><p>86-98.</p><p></p><p>Makhbul, Z. K. M., & Abd Latif, M. N. (2019). Mengurus Modal Insan Dalam Industri</p><p>4.0 Ke Arah Kecemerlangan Negara. e-Bangi, 16(6), 1-13.</p><p></p><p>Marquardt, M.J. (1996). Building the learning Organisation: A system approach to</p><p>quantum improvement and global success. McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Marsh, H. W., & Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the</p><p>study of self-concept: First-and higher order factor models and their invariance</p><p>across groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97(3), 562-582.</p><p></p><p>Mazidah Mat Rejab, Suriayati Chuprat, & Nurul Huda Firdaus Mohd Azmi. (2018). A</p><p>Review for Improving Software Change using Traceability Model with Test</p><p>Effort Estimation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and</p><p>Social Sciences, 8(4), 1198-1208.</p><p></p><p>Mazlan, R., & Mahamod, Z. (2016). Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan guru</p><p>Bahasa Melayu melaksanakan kajian pengajaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia</p><p>41(2), 173-182.</p><p></p><p>McLaughlin, M. W., & Talbert, J. E. (2001). Professional communities and the work of</p><p>high school teaching. University of Chicago Press.</p><p></p><p>McLaughlin, M. W., & Talbert, J. E. (2006). Building school-based teacher learning</p><p>communities: Professional strategies to improve student achievement. Teachers</p><p>College Press.</p><p></p><p>Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. (2014). Missouri PLC</p><p>Overview. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di Persidangan Powerful Learning, Osage</p><p>Beach, MO.</p><p></p><p>Mitchell, C., & Sackney, L. (2011). Profound improvement: Building capacity for a</p><p>learning community. Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Sahandri Gani Hamzah, Laily Paim, Sharifah Azizah Haron., & Mohd Faizal</p><p>Nizam Lee Abdullah. (2013). Buku panduan pembinaan instrumen Anda dan</p><p>Kepenggunaan. Emeritus Publications.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob, Husamudin Hasbullah, Jamal Nordin Yunus, Hamidah</p><p>Yusuf. (2017). Modelling professional learning community among Malaysian</p><p>teachers. Man In India, 97(24-II), 277-290.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob & Jamal@ Nordin Yunus. (2016). The Relationship between</p><p>school culture and professional learning community in Malaysia. International</p><p>Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(12), 231-236.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Majid Konting. (1993). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan (Edisi</p><p>Ketujuh). Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Ridhuan Mohd Jamil, Saedah Siraj, Zaharah Hussin, Nurulrabihah Mat Noh, &</p><p>Ahmad Ariffin Sapar. (2014). Pengenalan asas keadah Fuzzy Delphi dalam</p><p>penyelidikan rekabentuk pembangunan. Minda Intelek Agency.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Zailan Azmel Zainal Aripin & Mohd Isa Hamzah. (2017). Pelaksanaan amalan</p><p>komuniti pembelajaran profesional dalam meningkatkan keyakinan guru</p><p>pedalaman mengajar. Proceedings of the Research Methodology in Education</p><p>Conference.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Zailani Ibrahim, Ramlah Hamzah, & Mohd Ibrahim Nazri. (2014). Tekad</p><p>Keusahawanan Tani dalam Kalangan Pelajar Sains Pertanian Sekolah</p><p>Menengah. Sains Humanika, 2(4), 133-138.</p><p></p><p>Moloi, K. C., Grobler, B. R., & Gravett, S. J. (2002). Educators' perceptions of the</p><p>school as a learning organization in the Vanderbijlpark-North District, South</p><p>Africa. South African Journal of Education, 22(2), 88-94.</p><p></p><p>Monceaux, M. C. (2017). Evaluating the Implementation of Professional Learning</p><p>Communities over Time. (Ijazah Falsafah Kedoktoran). Southeastern Louisiana</p><p>University.</p><p></p><p>Mourhir, A., Rachidi, T., & Karim, M. (2014). River water quality index for Morocco</p><p>using a fuzzy inference system. Environmental Systems Research, 3(1), 1-12.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal, A. G., & Crow, G. M. (2013). Amalan Komuniti Pembelajaran</p><p>Profesional: Perspektif Pemimpin Sekolah Cemrlang Negara Maju. Jurnal</p><p>Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 1(3), 1027.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal A. G., Saedah Siraj, Zuraidah Abdullah, Norfariza Mohd Radzi,</p><p>Husaina Banu Kenayathulla, Mohd Helme Firdaus Salehudin, & Shahril @</p><p>Charil Marzuki, Faisol Elham. (2011). Pemimpin dan komuniti pembelajaran</p><p>profesional. Jurnal Pendidikan, 31, 203224.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad Faizal A. G., Zuraidah Abdullah, Norafiza Mohd Radzi, & Rosnah Ishak.</p><p>(2018). Sekolah Berkesan. Teori dan Amalan. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Muhamud Salleh, Engku Ahmad Zaki Engku Alwi, Zamri Chik & Hanif Md Lateh @</p><p>Junid. (2019.) Pengesahan model kajian menggunakan Analisis Faktor Kesahan</p><p>(AFK) bagi konstruk pengetahuan agama, kaedah penyampaian, kecerdasan</p><p>emosi dan peningkatan amal ibadah dalam kalangan komuniti masjid. BITARA</p><p>International Journal of Civilizational Studies and Human Sciences, 2(1), 62-</p><p>73.</p><p></p><p>Mulford, B., & Silins, H. (2003). Leadership for organisational learning and improved</p><p>student outcomes- What do we know?. Cambridge Journal of Education, 33(2),</p><p>175-195.</p><p></p><p>Mullen, P. M. (2003). Delphi: myths and reality. Journal of Health Organization and</p><p>Management, 17(1), 37-52.</p><p></p><p>Murray, T. J., Pipino, L. L., & van Gigch, J. P. (1985). A pilot study of fuzzy set</p><p>modification of Delphi. Human Systems Management, 5(1), 76-80.</p><p></p><p>Murugaiah, P., Azman, H., Thang, S. M., & Krish, P. (2012). Teacher learning via</p><p>communities of practice: A Malaysian case study. International Journal of</p><p>Pedagogies and Learning, 7(2), 162-174.</p><p></p><p>Murugaiah, P., Azman, H., Ya'acob, A., & Thang, S. (2010). Blogging in teacher</p><p>professional development: Its role in building computer-assisted language</p><p>teaching skills. International Journal of Education and Development using</p><p>ICT, 6(3), 73-87.</p><p></p><p>Murugaiah, P., Thang, S. M., Azman, H., & Nambiar, R. (2016). Use of community of</p><p>practice dimensions in community-based teacher professional development.</p><p>In Revolutionizing education through web-based instruction (pp. 92-110). IGI</p><p>Global.</p><p></p><p>Nambiar, R., Wah, L. K., Khalid, F., Ming, T. S., & Krish, P. (2011). Blogging to build</p><p>a community of practice (CoP): Malaysian mathematic teachers involvement</p><p>and participation in online teacher professional development. Journal of</p><p>Institutional Research South East Asia, 9(2), 6-20.</p><p></p><p>Nehring, J., & Fitzsimons, G. (2011). The professional learning community as</p><p>subversive activity: Countering the culture of conventional</p><p>schooling. Professional development in education, 37(4), 513-535.</p><p></p><p>Neuman, W. L. (2014). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative</p><p>Approaches: Pearson New International Edition. Pearson Education Limited.</p><p></p><p>Noor Hidayah Hanapi. (2014). Hubungan amalan komuniti pembelajaran profesional</p><p>dengan pencapaian murid sekolah-sekolah rendah daerah Batang Padang.</p><p>(Tesis Ijazah Sarjana yang tidak diterbitkan). Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Noraini Idris. (2013). Penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. McGraw-Hill Education.</p><p></p><p>Noraniza Md Jani, Mohd Hafiz Zakaria, Zulisman Maksom, Md. Shariff M. Haniff, &</p><p>Ramlan Mustapha. (2018). Consequences of Customer Engagement in Social</p><p>Networking Sites: Employing Fuzzy Delphi Technique for</p><p>Validation. International Journal Of Advanced Computer Science And</p><p>Applications, 9(9), 283-293.</p><p></p><p>Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd edition).</p><p>McGrawHill.</p><p></p><p>Nur Ain Elzira Abdullah, Zamri Mahamod, Nur Aishah Abdullah. (2018). Kajian</p><p>pengajaran sebagai program pembangunan profesionalisme berterusan melalui</p><p>komuniti pembelajaran profesional. International Journal of Education,</p><p>Pyschology and Counselling, 3(14), 87-99.</p><p></p><p>OECD Factbook (2009) Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.</p><p>OECD Publishing,</p><p></p><p>Okoli, C., & Pawlowski, S. D. (2004). The Delphi method as a research tool: an</p><p>example, design considerations and applications. Information &</p><p>management, 42(1), 15-29.</p><p></p><p>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2010). Strong performers</p><p>and successful reformers in Education: Lessons from PISA for the United States.</p><p>OECD Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2014). PISA 2012</p><p>Results: What Students Know and Can Do. Student Performance in</p><p>Mathematics, Reading and Science. OECD Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Owen, S. (2016). Professional learning communities: Building skills, reinvigorating the</p><p>passion, and nurturing teacher wellbeing and flourishing within significantly</p><p>innovative schooling contexts. Educational Review, 68(4), 403-419.</p><p></p><p>Pak, O. G. (2012). Organisasi pembelajaran. Jurnal Pengurusan Awam, 1(9), 103-117.</p><p></p><p>Pallant, J. (2011). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using</p><p>SPSS (4th ed.). Allen & Unwin Book Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Pang, N. S., & Wang, T. (2016). Professional learning communities: research and</p><p>practices across six educational systems in the Asia-Pacific region. Asia Pacific</p><p>Journal of Education, 36(2), 193201.</p><p></p><p>Pang, N. S., Wang, T., & Leung, Z. L. (2016). Educational reforms and the practices of</p><p>professional learning community in Hong Kong primary schools. Asia Pacific</p><p>Journal of Education, 36(2), 231-247.</p><p></p><p>Patton, M. Q. (2002). Two decades of developments in qualitative inquiry: A personal,</p><p>experiential perspective. Qualitative social work, 1(3), 261-283.</p><p></p><p>Phillips, J. (2003). Powerful learning: Creating learning communities in urban school</p><p>reform. Journal of curriculum and Supervision, 18(3), 240-258.</p><p></p><p>Prak, M., & Wivatvanit, S. (2018). The development of neonatal nursing standards of</p><p>practice for Cambodia: a Delphi study. Journal of Health Research, 32(1), 12-</p><p>23.</p><p></p><p>Prenger, R., & De Vries, S. (2018). A lesson study professional learning network in</p><p>secondary education. In Networks for Learning (hlmn. 135-151). Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Qiao, X., Yu, S., Zhang, L. (2018). A review of research on professional learning</p><p>communities in mainland China (20062015): Key findings and emerging</p><p>themes. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 46(5), 713-</p><p>728.</p><p></p><p>Ramlan Mustapha, Zahirah Hussin, & Saedah Siraj. (2016). Analisis faktor penyebab</p><p>ketidakjujuran akademik dalam kalangan mahasiswa : Aplikasi Kaedah Fuzzy</p><p>Delphi. Jurnal Kurikulum dan Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 5(2), 1-18.</p><p></p><p>Reichstetter, R. (2006). Defining a professional learning community: A literature</p><p>review. E&R Research Alert, 6(5), 1-4.</p><p></p><p>Richey, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2005). Developmental research methods: Creating</p><p>knowledge from instructional design and development practice. Journal of</p><p>Computing in higher Education, 16(2), 23-38.</p><p></p><p>Richey, R., & Klein, J. D. (2007). Design and Development Research: Methods,</p><p>Strategies, and Issues. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.</p><p></p><p>Richey, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2014). Design and development research: Methods,</p><p>strategies, and issues. Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Rismark, M., & Solvberg, A. M. (2011). Knowledge sharing in schools: A key to</p><p>developing professional learning communities. World Journal of</p><p>Education, 1(2), 150-160.</p><p></p><p>Rohaida Mazlan dan Zamri Mahamod. (2016). Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi</p><p>kesediaan guru Bahasa Melayu melaksanakan kajian pengajaran. Jurnal</p><p>Pendidikan Malaysia, 41(2), 173-182.</p><p></p><p>Ronfeldt, M., Farmer, S. O., McQueen, K., & Grissom, J. A. (2015). Teacher</p><p>collaboration in instructional teams and student achievement. American</p><p>Educational Research Journal, 52(3), 475-514.</p><p></p><p>Ronkko, M., & Cho, E. (2020). An updated guideline for assessing discriminant</p><p>validity. Organizational Research Methods, 25(1), 6-14.</p><p></p><p>Rosenholtz, S. J. (1989). Teachers' workplace: The social organization of schools.</p><p>Addison-Wesley Longman Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Roslizam Hassan, Jamilah Ahmad, & Yusof Boon. (2018). Professional Learning</p><p>Community in Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering & Technology,</p><p>7(3.30), 433-443.</p><p></p><p>Rosnah Ishak. (2013). Pembinaan profil amalan terbaik organisasi pembelajaran untuk</p><p>sekolah Malaysia. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan)</p><p>Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Roziah Rusdin, & Abdul Said Ambutang. (2018). The role of the implementation of the</p><p>professional learning community on the competence of sciece teacher in Sabah.</p><p>International Journal of education, psychology and Counselling, 3(14), 22-30.</p><p></p><p>Sackney, L., Walker, K., Mitchell, C., & Duncan, R. (2005). Dimensions of school</p><p>learning communities. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di Prosidangan Tahunan</p><p>International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement, Barcelona,</p><p>Spain.</p><p></p><p>Saedah Siraj, Norlidah Alias, Dorothy DeWitt, & Zaharah Hussin. (2013). Design and</p><p>developmental research: Emergent trends in educational research. Pearson</p><p>Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Safiek, M. (2019). Kepimpinan guru besar dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan abad ke-21:</p><p>Satu kajian preliminari. Attarbawiy: Malaysian Online Journal of Education,</p><p>3(2), 11-21.</p><p></p><p>Saido, G. A. M., Siraj, S., Dewitt, D., & Al-Amedy, O. S. (2018). Development of an</p><p>instructional model for higher order thinking in science among secondary</p><p>school students: a fuzzy Delphi approach. International Journal of Science</p><p>Education, 40(8), 847-866.</p><p></p><p>Sakinah Awang, Shamsuria Ahmad, Norlidah Alias, & Dorothy DeWitt. (2016).</p><p>Design of an instructional module on Basic Life Support for homeschooled</p><p>children. Cogent Education, 3(1), 1-14.</p><p></p><p>Salleh Hairon, & Dimmock, C. (2012). Singapore schools and professional learning</p><p>communities: Teacher professional development and school leadership in an</p><p>Asian hierarchical system. Educational Review, 64(4), 405-424.</p><p></p><p>Salleh Hairon, Goh, J. W. P., Chua, C. S. K., & Wang, L. Y. (2017). A research agenda</p><p>for professional learning communities: Moving forward. Professional</p><p>development in education, 43(1), 72-86.</p><p></p><p>Salleh Hairon, & Tan, C. (2017). Professional learning communities in Singapore and</p><p>Shanghai: Implications for teacher collaboration. Compare: A Journal of</p><p>Comparative and International Education, 47(1), 91-104.</p><p></p><p>Schaap, H., & de Bruijn, E. (2017). Elements affecting the development of professional</p><p>learning communities in schools. Learning environments research, 21(1), 109-</p><p>134.</p><p></p><p>Schaap, H., Louws, M., Meirink, J., Oolbekkink-Marchand, H., Van Der Want, A.,</p><p>Zuiker, I., Zwart, R., & Meijer, P. (2018). Tensions experienced by teachers</p><p>when participating in a professional learning community. Professional</p><p>Development in Education, 45(2), 1-18.</p><p></p><p>Schechter, C. (2012). The professional learning community as perceived by Israeli</p><p>school superintendents, principals and teachers. International review of</p><p>education, 58(6), 717-734.</p><p></p><p>Schon, D.A. (1983). The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action.</p><p>Basic Books.</p><p></p><p>Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Method for Business. Edisi ke-7. Wiley.</p><p></p><p>Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of organizational</p><p>learning. Doubleday.</p><p></p><p>Senge, P. M., Cambron-McCabe, N., Lucas, T., Smith, B., & Dutton, J. (2012). Schools</p><p>that learn (updated and revised): A fifth discipline fieldbook for educators,</p><p>parents, and everyone who cares about education. Crown Business.</p><p></p><p>Shaffer, J. A., DeGeest, D., & Li, A. (2016). Tackling the problem of construct</p><p>proliferation: A guide to assessing the discriminant validity of conceptually</p><p>related constructs. Organizational Research Methods, 19(1), 80-110.</p><p></p><p>Shariff, N. (2015). Utilizing the Delphi survey approach: A review. J Nurs Care, 4(3),</p><p>246-251.</p><p></p><p>Sigurdardottir, A. K. (2010). Professional learning community in relation to school</p><p>effectiveness. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 54(5), 395-412.</p><p></p><p>Silverman, D. E. (2011). Qualitative research: Theory, method and practice. (3rd</p><p>Edition). Sage.</p><p></p><p>Sinha, R. C., Sarkar, S., & Mandal, N. R. (2018). Development of quality indicators for</p><p>multi-family residential buildings in India-a Delphi analysis. International</p><p>Journal of Sustainable Society, 10(2), 96-122.</p><p></p><p>Siti Nafsiah Ismail, Zuraidah Abdullah, Abdul Jalil Othman, & Salwati Shafie. (2018).</p><p>Amalan Komuniti Pembelajaran profesional dalam kalangan guru Bahasa</p><p>Melayu di Selangor. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 5(4), 1-19.</p><p></p><p>Skulmoski, G. J., Hartman, F. T., & Krahn, J. (2007). The Delphi method for graduate</p><p>research. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 6(1), 1-21.</p><p></p><p>Sleegers, P., den Brok, P., Verbiest, E., Moolenaar, N. M., & Daly, A. J. (2013). Toward</p><p>conceptual clarity: A multidimensional, multilevel model of professional</p><p>learning communities in Dutch elementary schools. The Elementary School</p><p>Journal, 114(1), 118-137.</p><p></p><p>Sompong, S., & Erawan, P. (2015). The development of professional learning</p><p>community in primary schools. Educational Research and Reviews, 10(21),</p><p>2789-2796.</p><p></p><p>Sperandio, J., & Kong, P. A. (2018). Forging professional learning communities: the</p><p>role of external agency. International journal of leadership in education, 21(1),</p><p>80-94.</p><p></p><p>Spiller, N. C. (2013). The relationship among professional learning communities, a</p><p>response to intervention framework and mathematics scores in middle and high</p><p>schools. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan). University of</p><p>Alabama Libraries.</p><p></p><p>Stegall, D. A. (2011). Professional learning communities and teacher efficacy: A</p><p>correlational study. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang tidak diterbitkan),</p><p>University of North Carolina.</p><p></p><p>Stoll, L. (2010). Professional learning community. International Encyclopedia of</p><p>Education, 151157.</p><p></p><p>Stoll, L., & Louis, K. S. (2007). Professional learning communities: Divergence, depth</p><p>and dilemmas. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).</p><p></p><p>Stoll, L., Bolam, R., McMahon, A., Wallace, M., & Thomas, S. (2006). Professional</p><p>learning communities: A review of the literature. Journal of educational</p><p>change, 7(4), 221-258.</p><p></p><p>Stoll, L., Fink, D., & Earl, L. M. (2003). Its' about Learning (and It's about Time).</p><p>Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Suzieleez Syrene Abdul Rahim, Suriati Sulaiman, Tajularipin Sulaiman. (2015).</p><p>Teacher professional development through lesson study in secondary</p><p>schools. Advanced Science Letters, 21(7), 2360-2364.</p><p></p><p>Sujirah Ibrahim. (2011). Sokongan Pengetua dalam Membentuk Komuniti</p><p>Pembelajaran Profesional ke arah Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Berkesan.</p><p>Kertas Projek Sarjana Kepengetuaan yang tidak diterbitkan. Institut Pengajian</p><p>Kepengetuaan, Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Sujirah Ibrahim & Zuraidah Abdullah. (2014). Sokongan pengetua dalam amalan</p><p>komuniti pembelajaran profesional di sebuah sekolah di Johor, Malaysia. Jurnal</p><p>Peradaban, 7(1), 1-39.</p><p></p><p>Sukru Bellibas, M., Bulut, O., & Gedik, S. (2017). Investigating professional learning</p><p>communities in Turkish schools: the effects of contextual factors. Professional</p><p>Development in Education, 43(3), 353-374.</p><p></p><p>Sumarni Lapammu, & Zamri Mahamod. (2018). Tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan</p><p>kesediaan pelajar tingkatan 4 terhadap penggunaan pembelajaran persekitaran</p><p>maya VLE Frog dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Pendidikan</p><p>Bahasa Melayu, 8(2), 53-62.</p><p></p><p>Sutarsih, C., & Saud, U. S. (2019). The implementation of professional learning</p><p>community for elementary teachers. Educare, 11(2), 157-168.</p><p></p><p>Svenja, V., David, K., Eckhard, K., & Sonja, B. (2012). TALIS teaching practices and</p><p>pedagogical Innovations evidence from TALIS: Evidence from TALIS. OECD</p><p>Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Tahir, L. M., & Musah, M. B. (2020). Implementing professional learning community</p><p>in rural Malaysian primary schools: exploring teacher feedback. International</p><p>Journal of Management in Education, 14(4), 422-451.</p><p></p><p>Thang, S. M., Murugaiah, P., Lee, K. W., Azman, H., Tan, L. Y., & Lee, Y. S. (2010).</p><p>Grappling with technology: A case of supporting Malaysian Smart School</p><p>teachers' professional development. Australasian Journal of Educational</p><p>Technology, 26(3), 400-416.</p><p></p><p>Thompson, S. C., Gregg, L., & Niska, J. M. (2004). Professional learning communities,</p><p>leadership, and student learning. RMLE Online, 28(1), 1-15.</p><p></p><p>Thoonen, E. E., Sleegers, P. J., Oort, F. J., Peetsma, T. T., & Geijsel, F. P. (2011). How</p><p>to improve teaching practices: The role of teacher motivation, organizational</p><p>factors, and leadership practices. Educational administration quarterly, 47(3),</p><p>496-536.</p><p></p><p>Thornton, K., & Cherrington, S. (2018). Professional learning communities in early</p><p>childhood education: a vehicle for professional growth. Professional</p><p>Development in Education, 45(1), 1-15.</p><p></p><p>Tracey, M. W. (2002). The construction and validation of an instructional design model</p><p>for incorporating multiple intelligences. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah yang</p><p>tidak diterbitkan). Wayne State University, U.S.A.</p><p></p><p>Valckx, J., Vanderlinde, R., & Devos, G. (2019). Departmental PLCs in secondary</p><p>schools: the importance of transformational leadership, teacher autonomy, and</p><p>teachers self-efficacy. Educational Studies, 46(3), 1-20.</p><p></p><p>Van den Akker, J., Gravemeijer, K., McKenney, S., & Nieveen, N. (2006). Educational</p><p>design research. Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Van den Beemt, A., Ketelaar, E., Diepstraten, I., & De Laat, M. (2018). Teachers</p><p>motives for learning in networks: costs, rewards and community</p><p>interest. Educational research, 60(1), 31-46.</p><p></p><p>Vanblaere, B., & Devos, G. (2017). The role of departmental leadership for professional</p><p>learning communities. Educational Administration Quarterly, 54(1), 85-114.</p><p></p><p>Vangrieken, K., Dochy, F., Raes, E., & Kyndt, E. (2015). Teacher collaboration: A</p><p>systematic review. Educational research review, 15, 17-40.</p><p></p><p>Vangrieken, K., Meredith, C., Packer, T., & Kyndt, E. (2017). Teacher communities as</p><p>a context for professional development: A systematic review. Teaching and</p><p>teacher education, 61, 47-59.</p><p></p><p>Vescio, V., Ross, D., & Adams, A. (2008). A review of research on the impact of</p><p>professional learning communities on teaching practice and student learning.</p><p>Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(1), 8091.</p><p></p><p>Visscher, A., & Witziers, B. (2004). Subject departments as professional</p><p>communities?. British Educational Research Journal, 30(6), 785-800.</p><p></p><p>Voelkel Jr, R. H., & Chrispeels, J. H. (2017). Understanding the link between</p><p>professional learning communities and teacher collective efficacy. School</p><p>Effectiveness and School Improvement, 28(4), 505-526.</p><p></p><p>Wang, D., Gan, C., & Wu, C. (2016). LMX and employee voice: A moderated</p><p>mediation model of psychological empowerment and role clarity. Personnel</p><p>Review, 45(3), 605-615.</p><p></p><p>Wang, D., Wang, J., Li, H., & Li, L. (2017). School context and instructional capacity:</p><p>A comparative study of professional learning communities in rural and urban</p><p>schools in China. International Journal of Educational Development, 52, 1-9.</p><p></p><p>Wang, T. (2015). Contrived collegiality versus genuine collegiality: Demystifying</p><p>professional learning communities in Chinese schools. Compare: A Journal of</p><p>Comparative and International Education, 45(6), 908-930.</p><p></p><p>Warwas, J., & Helm, C. (2018). Professional learning communities among vocational</p><p>school teachers: Profiles and relations with instructional quality. Teaching and</p><p>Teacher Education, 73, 4355.</p><p></p><p>Webster, J., & Watson, R. T. (2002). Analyzing the past to prepare for the future:</p><p>Writing a literature review. MIS quarterly, 26(2), 13-23.</p><p></p><p>Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice. Cambridge University Press.</p><p></p><p>Wenger, E. (2000). Communities of practice and social learning systems organization.</p><p>Organization, 7(2), 225-246.</p><p></p><p>Wenger, E., McDermott, R. A., & Snyder, W. (2002). Cultivating communities of</p><p>practice: A guide to managing knowledge. Harvard Business Press.</p><p></p><p>Westheimer, J. (1999). Communities and consequences: An inquiry into ideology and</p><p>practice in teachers professional work. Educational Administration</p><p>Quarterly, 35(1), 71-105.</p><p></p><p>Westheimer, J. (2008). Learning among colleagues: Teacher community and the shared</p><p>enterprise of education. Dalam M. Cochran-Smith, S. Feiman-Nemser & J.</p><p></p><p>McIntyre (Eds.), Handbook of research on teacher education (hlmn. 756782).</p><p>Association of Teacher Educators and Rowman.</p><p></p><p>Wiersma, W., & Jurs, S. G. (2005). Research methods in education. (Eight Eds.). Allyn</p><p>& Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Yasim, J. M., Mansor, A. N., & Ab Hamid, A. H. (2020). Kepimpinan instruksional</p><p>abad ke-21 dan amalan komuniti pembelajaran profesional dalam kalangan guru</p><p>besar di Malaysia. Asean Comparative Education Research Journal On Islam</p><p>and Civilization (ACER-J), 3(2), 21-37.</p><p></p><p>Yin, H., & Zheng, X. (2018). Facilitating professional learning communities in China:</p><p>Do leadership practices and faculty trust matter?. Teaching and Teacher</p><p>Education, 76, 140-150.</p><p></p><p>Zawawi, D. (2008). Cultural dimensions among Malaysian employees. International</p><p>Journal of Economics and Management, 2(2), 409-426.</p><p></p><p>Zainudin Awang. (2012). Research methodology and data analysis: second edition.</p><p>UiTM Press.</p><p></p><p>Zainudin Awang, Lim Siew Hui & Nur Fairuza Syahira Zainudin. (2018). Pendekatan</p><p>mudah SEM-Structural equation modelling. MPWS Rich Resources.</p><p></p><p>Zamali Tarmudi, Fatihah Anas Muhiddin, Munirah Rossdy, & Nowyannie Willie D.</p><p>(2016). Fuzzy Delphi Method For Evaluating Effective Teaching Based On</p><p>Students Perspective. E-Academia Journal UiTM, 5(1), 1-10.</p><p></p><p>Zanaton H. Ikhsan, & Marziah Md. Rahim. (2015). Model refleksi guru cemerlang</p><p>terhadap video critique. Proceeding 7th International Seminar on Regional</p><p>Education.</p><p></p><p>Zanaton H. Ikhsan, Roslinda Rosli, Mohd Yusuf Daud, & Fariza Khalid. (2014).</p><p>Building Learning Community through Lesson Study Approach During</p><p>Practical Teaching. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di World Association of Lesson</p><p>Studies International Conference, Bandung, Indonesia.</p><p></p><p>Zhang, M., Ding, X., Xu, J. (2016). Developing Shanghai's Teachers. Teacher Quality</p><p>Systems in Top Performing Countries. National Center on Education and the</p><p>Economy, Washington, D.C.</p><p></p><p>Zhang, J., & Sun, Y. (2018). Development of a conceptual model for understanding</p><p>professional learning communities in China : a mixed-method study. Asia</p><p>Pacific Education Review, 19(4), 445-457.</p><p></p><p>Zheng, X., Yin, H., & Li, Z. (2019). Exploring the relationships among instructional</p><p>leadership, professional learning communities and teacher self-efficacy in</p><p>China. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(6), 843-</p><p>859.</p><p></p><p>Zuraidah Abdullah. (2009). Pembentukan komuniti pembelajaran profesional: Kajian</p><p>terhadap sekolah menengah di Malaysia. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 5(2),</p><p>78-96.</p><p></p><p>Zuraidah Abdullah, Rahimah Ahmad, Muhammad Faizal A. Ghani, Hailan Salamun.</p><p>(2012). Komuniti pembelajaran profesional dalam kalangan warga sekolah</p><p>menengah di Malaysia. Seminar Kebangsaan Majlis Dekan Pendidikan IPTA</p><p>(1-21). Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p>http://www.fp.utm.my/ePusatSumber/listseminar.medc2012/pdf/117.pdf</p><p></p><p>Zuraidah Abdullah, Zulkifli A. Manaf, Nik Mustafa Mat Ail, & Mohammad Ismath</p><p>Ramzy. (2016). Pemerkasaan guru Bahasa Melayu melalui penyeliaan kembang</p><p>tumbuh dan komuniti pembelajaran profesional (KPP) di lima sekolah</p><p>menengah daerah Kuala Lipis. JuPiDi: Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 3(2),</p><p>42-59.</p><p></p><p>Zuraidah Abdullah. (2016). Komuniti pembelajaran profesional di Malaysia: amalan</p><p>penambahbaikan sekolah. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p> |