Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue

Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue

<p>This research aimed to optimising the properties of surfactant-exfoliated graphene</p><p>oxide (sEGO) as adsorbent and photocatalyst for methylene blue (MB) removal in</p><p>aqueous solution. Modification of surfactants were ma...

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Main Author: Nur Amirah Jamaluddin
Format: thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2023
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QD Chemistry
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9802
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spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:98022024-01-15 Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue 2023 Nur Amirah Jamaluddin QD Chemistry <p>This research aimed to optimising the properties of surfactant-exfoliated graphene</p><p>oxide (sEGO) as adsorbent and photocatalyst for methylene blue (MB) removal in</p><p>aqueous solution. Modification of surfactants were made by increasing chain</p><p>branching and exchanged in counter-ion with aromatic groups namely 1-butyl-3-</p><p>methyl-imidazolium (BMIM) and anilinium. The role of these modified surfactants</p><p>were compared to commercial surfactants. The mechanism in the stabilisation of</p><p>sEGO, sEGO incorporated with nanofibrillated kenaf cellulose (NFC) and sEGO</p><p>fabricated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) were systematically compared. Modified</p><p>surfactants have been studied via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)</p><p>spectroscopy, air water (a/w) surface tension measurement, zeta potential</p><p>measurement and dynamic light scattering. The morphology of the synthesised</p><p>adsorbents and photocatalytic materials were observed by field emission scanning</p><p>electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission</p><p>electron microscopy (HRTEM). The performance of adsorbents (sEGO and</p><p>sEGO/NFC) and photocatalysts (sEGO/TiO2) were also monitored through</p><p>ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The aggregation behaviour of modified</p><p>surfactants in aqueous phase and in sEGO presence were analysed using small-angle</p><p>neutron scattering (SANS) analysis. Results showed that increasing surfactant chain</p><p>branching and exchange with counter-ions (BMIM and anilinium) enhance the</p><p>graphite surface affinity and sheet exfoliation. Thus, contribute increment of</p><p>adsorption sites of sEGO for MB removal (up to 99%) in aqueous solution. SANS</p><p>analysis revealed that addition of chain branching and exchanged in counter-ion</p><p>influenced micelle structure formation of modified surfactant similar with lamellar</p><p>layered of graphene. In conclusion, the chain branching and counter-ions exchange</p><p>modification in surfactant chemical structure optimise sEGO properties as efficient</p><p>MB removal in aqueous solution. As implications, modification of surfactant in</p><p>sEGO as adsorbents and photocatalysts opens up new alternative approach for</p><p>wastewater treatment.</p> 2023 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9802 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9802 text eng closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Sains dan Matematik N/A
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language eng
topic QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Nur Amirah Jamaluddin
Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
description <p>This research aimed to optimising the properties of surfactant-exfoliated graphene</p><p>oxide (sEGO) as adsorbent and photocatalyst for methylene blue (MB) removal in</p><p>aqueous solution. Modification of surfactants were made by increasing chain</p><p>branching and exchanged in counter-ion with aromatic groups namely 1-butyl-3-</p><p>methyl-imidazolium (BMIM) and anilinium. The role of these modified surfactants</p><p>were compared to commercial surfactants. The mechanism in the stabilisation of</p><p>sEGO, sEGO incorporated with nanofibrillated kenaf cellulose (NFC) and sEGO</p><p>fabricated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) were systematically compared. Modified</p><p>surfactants have been studied via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)</p><p>spectroscopy, air water (a/w) surface tension measurement, zeta potential</p><p>measurement and dynamic light scattering. The morphology of the synthesised</p><p>adsorbents and photocatalytic materials were observed by field emission scanning</p><p>electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission</p><p>electron microscopy (HRTEM). The performance of adsorbents (sEGO and</p><p>sEGO/NFC) and photocatalysts (sEGO/TiO2) were also monitored through</p><p>ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The aggregation behaviour of modified</p><p>surfactants in aqueous phase and in sEGO presence were analysed using small-angle</p><p>neutron scattering (SANS) analysis. Results showed that increasing surfactant chain</p><p>branching and exchange with counter-ions (BMIM and anilinium) enhance the</p><p>graphite surface affinity and sheet exfoliation. Thus, contribute increment of</p><p>adsorption sites of sEGO for MB removal (up to 99%) in aqueous solution. SANS</p><p>analysis revealed that addition of chain branching and exchanged in counter-ion</p><p>influenced micelle structure formation of modified surfactant similar with lamellar</p><p>layered of graphene. In conclusion, the chain branching and counter-ions exchange</p><p>modification in surfactant chemical structure optimise sEGO properties as efficient</p><p>MB removal in aqueous solution. As implications, modification of surfactant in</p><p>sEGO as adsorbents and photocatalysts opens up new alternative approach for</p><p>wastewater treatment.</p>
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Doctorate
author Nur Amirah Jamaluddin
author_facet Nur Amirah Jamaluddin
author_sort Nur Amirah Jamaluddin
title Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
title_short Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
title_full Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
title_fullStr Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
title_full_unstemmed Modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
title_sort modification of surfactant chemical structure for optimising graphene oxide systhesis as an efficient removal of methylene blue
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Sains dan Matematik
publishDate 2023
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=9802
_version_ 1794025750734569472

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