Anti-obesity activities of edible bird nest on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high fat-cholesterol diet induced-obese rabbits
Obesity has become a global public health issue with increasing prevalence in the recent decade. Managing obesity with anti-obesity drugs have been marked by numerous adverse effects. Therefore, current research focuses on commonly consumed foods to provide multi-target functions beyond their tra...
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| 主要作者: | |
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| 格式: | Thesis |
| 語言: | English |
| 出版: |
2022
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| 主題: | |
| 在線閱讀: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/105861/1/RAMLAH%20BINTI%20MOHAMAD%20IBRAHIM%20-%20IR.pdf |
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| 總結: | Obesity has become a global public health issue with increasing prevalence in the recent
decade. Managing obesity with anti-obesity drugs have been marked by numerous
adverse effects. Therefore, current research focuses on commonly consumed foods to
provide multi-target functions beyond their traditional nutritive values which would
likely prevent obesity. Edible bird nest (EBN) is made from saliva of swiftlets which was
deemed as an important ethno-medicinal commodity for its nutritional and healing
values. Growing evidence suggests EBN as a potential functional food for managing
metabolic disorders, which has initiated the present study to explore the therapeutic
benefit of EBN to prevent obesity and its related disorders. The present study evaluated
the comparative analysis in nutrient compositions between two different shapes of housefarmed
EBN which are half cup and stripe-shape EBN. Nutrient analysis showed half
cup EBN has significantly higher protein, carbohydrate, calcium and sulfur content
compared to stripe-shaped EBN (p < 0.05). Next, stew extract (SE) and full stew (FS)
was prepared form half cup EBN to determine sialic acid (SA) content and subsequently
evaluated for their antioxidant effects and enzyme inhibition activities. Stew extract
exhibited higher SA content than FS and both EBN showed significantly greater
antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities at concentration of 10 mg/mL (p < 0.05). In
vitro anti-adipogenic potential of SA standard (1 mg/mL), SE and FS (10 mg/mL) on
3T3-L1 adipocytes showed significant reduction in lipid accumulation, lipase and
G3PDH enzymes level (p < 0.05). The anti-obesity effect of EBN were further evaluated
in high fat-cholesterol diet (HFCD)-induced obese rabbits for 12 weeks. Both SE and FS
groups significantly prevented weight gain and improved Lee Index as well as reduced
white adipose tissue and liver weights compared to HFCD group (p < 0.05). Also, the
EBN groups significantly improved serum lipid profile, free fatty acids, leptin,
adiponectin, IL-6, MCP-1 and catalase levels (p < 0.05). Gene expression studies
revealed that the anti-obesity effects of EBN were associated to regulation of adipokines
and adipogenesis along with AMPK activation which significantly improved genes
involved in lipid metabolism pathway. Furthermore, SE and FS significantly inhibit NF-
κB signalling pathway which in turn downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory (IL-6, CRP, MCP-1) and insulin resistance (IRS1) genes. Supplementation of SE and FS
significantly enhanced the expression of antioxidant genes such as SOD3, CAT, GSR and
PON1 (p < 0.05). Additionally, both SE and FS supplementation prevented the toxicity
effect of HFCD reflected with significant reduction of ALT and GGT enzymes level (p
< 0.05). In conclusion, the present study indicates that EBN via synergism of SA and
other nutrients provide anti-obesity action through regulation of genes involved in
adipokines, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism along with improvement in obesity-mediated
inflammation, insulin resistance and antioxidants. |
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