Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals

Titanium-doped sapphire single crystals with 0.20 weight percentage of dopant were successfully produced by using the Automatic Diameter Control-Crystal Growth System based on the Czochralski technique. Group A crystals were produced at a constant pulling rate of 1.50 mm h-1 and a rotational speed (...

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Main Author:	Jainal, Mohammad Nabil
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2013
Subjects:	QC Physics
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/50696/25/MohammadNabilJainalMFS2013.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.506962020-07-08T08:48:07Z Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals 2013-04 Jainal, Mohammad Nabil QC Physics Titanium-doped sapphire single crystals with 0.20 weight percentage of dopant were successfully produced by using the Automatic Diameter Control-Crystal Growth System based on the Czochralski technique. Group A crystals were produced at a constant pulling rate of 1.50 mm h-1 and a rotational speed (8-24) rpm and Group B crystal were produced at a constant rotational speed of 15 rpm and pulling rate (0.75-1.75) mm h-1. The presence of macroscopic defects such as gas bubbles and inclusions were found in the crystals produced at low rotation speed and at high pulling rate. XRD spectra of the crystals identified synthetic corundum as the main phase of the crystals and Al2TiO5 as the second phase. EDAX analysis showed the presence of Al, O and Ti element. Temperature, control power and growth rate were investigated for their correlation on the growth process and crystal diameter profile. When the rotation speed was increased, Group A crystals showed an increase in density from 3.963 g cm-3 to 3.999 g cm-3. For group B crystals, the density decreased from 3.988 g cm-3 to 3.955 g cm-3 with increasing pulling rate. The porosity of the Group A crystals was found to decrease from 0.27% to 0.08% with increasing rotation speed. Group B crystals showed an increase in porosity from 0.09% to 0.44% with increasing pulling rate. From Vickers hardness test, the hardness of Group A crystals increased from 855 HV to 1698 HV with an increase in rotational speed. A decreased in hardness from 1439 HV to 845 HV was observed with increasing pulling rate for Group B crystals. The Young’s Modulus of Group A crystals increased from 1542 MPa to 2069 MPa with increasing rotation speed. However, when the pulling rate was increased for the Group B crystals, the Young’s Modulus was found to decrease from 2002 MPa to 1311 MPa. 2013-04 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/50696/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/50696/25/MohammadNabilJainalMFS2013.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:89174 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QC Physics
spellingShingle	QC Physics Jainal, Mohammad Nabil Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
description	Titanium-doped sapphire single crystals with 0.20 weight percentage of dopant were successfully produced by using the Automatic Diameter Control-Crystal Growth System based on the Czochralski technique. Group A crystals were produced at a constant pulling rate of 1.50 mm h-1 and a rotational speed (8-24) rpm and Group B crystal were produced at a constant rotational speed of 15 rpm and pulling rate (0.75-1.75) mm h-1. The presence of macroscopic defects such as gas bubbles and inclusions were found in the crystals produced at low rotation speed and at high pulling rate. XRD spectra of the crystals identified synthetic corundum as the main phase of the crystals and Al2TiO5 as the second phase. EDAX analysis showed the presence of Al, O and Ti element. Temperature, control power and growth rate were investigated for their correlation on the growth process and crystal diameter profile. When the rotation speed was increased, Group A crystals showed an increase in density from 3.963 g cm-3 to 3.999 g cm-3. For group B crystals, the density decreased from 3.988 g cm-3 to 3.955 g cm-3 with increasing pulling rate. The porosity of the Group A crystals was found to decrease from 0.27% to 0.08% with increasing rotation speed. Group B crystals showed an increase in porosity from 0.09% to 0.44% with increasing pulling rate. From Vickers hardness test, the hardness of Group A crystals increased from 855 HV to 1698 HV with an increase in rotational speed. A decreased in hardness from 1439 HV to 845 HV was observed with increasing pulling rate for Group B crystals. The Young’s Modulus of Group A crystals increased from 1542 MPa to 2069 MPa with increasing rotation speed. However, when the pulling rate was increased for the Group B crystals, the Young’s Modulus was found to decrease from 2002 MPa to 1311 MPa.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Jainal, Mohammad Nabil
author_facet	Jainal, Mohammad Nabil
author_sort	Jainal, Mohammad Nabil
title	Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
title_short	Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
title_full	Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
title_fullStr	Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
title_sort	effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2013
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/50696/25/MohammadNabilJainalMFS2013.pdf
_version_	1747817514143842304

Effect of rotation speed and pulling rate on physical properties of titanium-doped sapphire single crystals

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